Three  Days  at  Gettysburg 


A Complete  Hand-Book  of  the  Movements  of  Both 
Armies  during  Lee’s  Invasion  of  Pennsylvania,  and 
His  Return  to  Virginia. 


The  Three  Days  Battle  at  Gettysburg 


July  1st,  2nd  and  3rd,  1863 


And  a Guide  to  the  Position  of  each  Federal  Organi- 
zation Marked  with  a Monument  or  Tablet  on  the 
Gettysburg  Battlefield,  with 


Casualties  of  Both  Union  and  Confederate  Forces 


•o- 


. . BY . . 

JOHN  E.  PITZER, 


Member  Post  9,  G.  A.  R. 


Ppefaee 


THE  Battlefield  of  Gettysburg  is  a general  term,  embracing  the  village 
of  Gettysburg,  and  that  portion  of  the  surrounding  country  occu- 
pied by  the  contending  armies  during  the  battle,  the  operations 
covering  twenty-five  square  miles.  It  is  termed  the  high  water  mark 
of  the  rebellion,  and  the  turning  point  in  the  war  for  the  preservation 
of  the  Union.  For  three  days  about  one  hundred  and  eighty  thousand 
armed  men  contested  in  desperate  and  deadly  struggle  for  supremacy, 
ending  in  a triumph  of  the  Union  arms.  It  is  ranked  among  the  world’s 
great  battles.  This  is  emphasized  by  the  fact  that  as  the  years  roll  by 
the  interest  in  it  instead  of  diminishing  is  steadily  increasing,  as-  is  at- 
tested by  the  constantly  swelling  numbers  of  visitors  and  the  erection 
of  nearly  four  hundred  monuments  and  tablets,  to  commemorate  the 
heroic  deeds  of  those  who  were  willing  to  sacrifice  their  lives  that  this 
nation  might  again  become  united,  and  be  one  country  under  one  flag. 


/rn 


ITINERARY  0 F THE  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC  AND 
CO  OPERATING  FORCES  IN  THE  GETTYSBURG 
CAMPAIGN,  JUNE  5-JULY  31,  1863. 

0 0 0 


June  5. — The  Army  of  the  Potomac,  commanded  by  Major  General  Joseph 
Hooker,  with  headquarters  near  Falmouth,  was  posted  on  the  north  bank  of  the 
Rappahannock  River,  confronting  the  Confederate  Army  of  Northern  Virginia, 
under  General  Robert  E.  Lee,  mainly  concentrated  about  the  town  of  Fredericks- 
burg, on  the  south  bank  of  the  river.  The  several  commands  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  were  distributed  as  follows:  First  Corps  (Reynolds’)  in  the  vicinity  of 
White  Oak  Church;  Second  Corps  (Couch’s)  near  Falmouth;  Third  Corps  (Bir- 
ney’s)  at  Boscobel,  near  Falmouth;  Fifth  Corps  (Meade’s)  in  the  vicinity  of 
Bank’s  United  States  and  adjacent  fords  on  the  Rappahannock;  Sixth  Corps 
(Sedgwick’s)  near  White  Oak  Church,  with  the  Second  Division  (Howe’s) 
thrown  forward  to  Franklin’s  Crossing  of  the  Rappahannock,  a little  below  Fred- 
ericksburg, near  the  mouth  of  Deep  Run ; Eleventh  Corps  (Howard’s)  near 
Brooke’s  Station,  on  the  Aquia  Creek  Railroad;  and  the  Twelfth  Corps  (Slo- 
cum’s) near  Stafford  Court  House  and  Aquia  Landing.  The  Cavalry  Corps 
(Pleasonton’s,  with  headquarters  at  Manassas  Junction),  had  two  divisions  (Duf- 
fle’s and  Gregg’s)  and  the  Cavalry  Reserve  Brigade,  all  under  Buford,  in  the 
/Vicinity  of  Warrenton  Junction,  and  one  division  (B.  F.  Davis’)  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  Brooke’s  Station.  The  Cavalry  Reserve  (R.  O.  Tyler’s)  was  near  Fal- 
“inouth. 

' June  6. — Howe’s  (Second)  division,  Sixth  Army  Corps,  crossed  the  Rappahan- 
nock at  Franklin’s  Crossing,  and,  after  a skirmish,  occupied  the  enemy’s  rifle 
— Ipits.  Wright’s  (First)  and  Newton’s  (Third)  divisions  of  the  same  Corps  moved 
_to  the  same  point  from  White  Oak  Church,  taking  position  on  the  north  bank  of 
~"The  river. 

-4-  June  7. — Wright’s  (First)  division,  Sixth  Corps,  was  sent  across  the  Rappa- 
hannock at  Franklin’s  Crossing,  relieving  Howe’s  (Second)  division,  which  re- 
turned to  the  north  side. 

— June  8. — The  Cavalry  Corps  (Pleasonton’s),  consisting  of  Buford’s  (First),  D. 
<=rMcM.  Gregg’s  (Third),  and  Duffle’s  (Second)  divisions,  and  the  Regular  Re- 
'j0rve  Brigade  supported  by  detachments  of  infantry,  under  Generals  Adelbert 
'^Ames  and  David  A.  Russell,  moved  to  Kelly’s  and  Beverly  Fords  preparatory  to 
crossing  the  Rappahannock  on  a reconnaissance  toward  Culpeper. 

Q-  June  9. — Newton’s  (Third)  division,  Sixth  Corps,  relieved  Wright’s  (First) 
^division  on  the  south  bank  of  the  Rappahannock  at  Franklin’s  Crossing.  The 
Cavalry  Corps,  supported  by  Generals  Ames’  and  Russell’s  infantry,  crossed  the 
j Rappahannock  at  Kelly’s  and  Beverly  Fords,  fought  the  enemy  at  or  near  Beverly 
CFord,  Brandy  Station,  and  Stevensburg,  and  recrossed  the  river  at  Rappahannock 
'"'Station  and  Beverly  Ford. 

^ June  10. — The  Cavalry  Corps  took  position  in  the  neighborhood  of  Warrenton 


2 


ITINERARY  OF  THE  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC. 


Junction.  Its  infantry  supports  in  the  reconnaissance  of  the  day  previous  re- 
joined their  respective  commands.  Howe’s  (Second)  division,  Sixth  Corps, 
moved  from  Franklin’s  Crossing  to  Aquia  Creek. 

June  ii. — The  Third  Corps  marched  from  Boscobel,  near  Falmouth,  to  Hart- 
wood  Church. 

June  12. — The  First  Corps  marched  from  Fitzhugh’s  plantation  and  White  Oak 
Church  to  Deep  Run ; the  Third  Corps  from  Hartwood  Church  to  Bealeton,  with 
Humphrey’s  (Third)  division,  advanced  to  the  Rappahannock;  the  Eleventh 
Corps  from  the  vicinity  of  Brooke’s  Station  to  Hartwood  Church ; and  head- 
quarters Cavalry  Corps  from  Manassas  Junction  to  Warrenton  Junction. 

The  advance  of  the  Confederate  Army  skirmished  with  the  Union  troops  at 
Newtown,  Cedarville,  and  Middletown,  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley. 

June  13. — The  First  Corps  marched  from  Deep  Run  to  Bealeton;  the  Fifth 
Corps  from  the  vicinity  of  Bank’s  Ford,  via  Grove  Church,  toward  Morrisville; 
Wright’s  (First)  and  Newton’s  (Third)  divisions,  Sixth  Corps,  from  Franklin’s 
Crossing  to  Potomac  Creek ; the  Eleventh  Corps,  from  Hartwood  Church  to  Cat- 
lett’s Station;  the  Twelfth  Corps  from  near  Stafford  Court-House  and  Aquia 
Creek  Landing  en  route  to  Dumfries ; W.yndham’s  Brigade  of  Gregg’s  Cavalry 
division,  from  Warrenton  Junction  to  Warrenton;  and  the  Artillery  Reserve 
from  near  Falmouth  to  Stafford  Court-House,  McReynolds’  (Third)  Brigade, 
of  Milroy’s  division,  Eighth  Army  Corps,  marched  from  Berryville  to  Win- 
chester. 

Combats : Skirmishes  at  White  Post,  Berryville,  Opequon  Creek,  and  at  Bunker 
Hill,  an  engagement,  (first  day)  at  Winchester,  Va. 

June  14. — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  near  Falmouth  to 
Dumfries;  the  First  and  Third  Corps  marched  from  Bealeton  to  Manassas  Junc- 
tion ; the  Fifth  Corps  arrived  at  Morrisville  and  marched  thence,  via  Bristerburg, 
to  Catlett’s  Station;  Wright’s  (First)  and  Newton’s  (Third)  division,  Sixth 
Corps,  moved  from  Potomac  Creek  to  Stafford  Court-House ; the  Eleventh  Corps 
from  Catlett’s  Station  to  Manassas  Junction,  and  thence  toward  Centreville;  the 
Twelfth  Corps  reached  Dumfries;  and  the  Artillery  Reserve  moved  from  Stafford 
Court-House  to  Wolf  Run  Shoals.  Daniel  Tyler’s  command,  of  the  Eighth  Army 
Corps,  fell  back  from  Martinsburg  to  Maryland  Heights. 

Combats:  Skirmishes  at  Martinsburg  and  Berryville,  an  engagement  (second 
day)  at  Winchester,  Va. 

June  15 — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  Dumfries  to  Fairfax 
Station;  the  Second  Corps  (Hancock’s*)  moved  from  Falmouth  to  near  Aquia; 
the  Fifth  Corps  from  Catlett’s  Station,  via  Bristoe  Station,  to  Manassas  Junction; 
the  Sixth  Corps  from  Aquia  Creek  and  Stafford  Court-House  to  Dumfries;  the 
Twelfth  Corps  from  Dumfries  to  Fairfax  Court-House ; the  Cavalry  Corps  **  (ex- 
cept Wyndham’s  Brigade,  which  marched  from  Warrenton  to  Manassas  Junction, 
and  thence  on  the  16th  to  Union  Mills)  from  Warrenton  Junction  to  Union  Mills 
and  Bristoe  Station;  the  Artillery  Reserve  from  Wolf  Run  Shoals  to  Fairfax 
Court-House;  and  the  Eleventh  Corps  arrived  at  Centreville.  Milroy’s  (Second) 
division  of  the  Eighth  Army  Corps,  evacuated  Winchester,  and  fell  back  to 
Maryland  Heights  and  Hancock,  Md. 

*General  Hancock  assumed  command  of  the  Second  Corps.  June  9,  »863,  succeeding  General 
-Couch,  who  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  Department  of  the  Susquehanna 

**By  orders  of  June  13,  1863.  this  corps  was  reduced  from  three  to  two  divisions,  commanded 
by  Brig.  Gens.  John  Buford  and  D-  McM.  Gregg. 


ITINERARY  OF  THE  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC. 


3 


Combats : Skirmishes  near  Williamsport,  Md.,  an  engagement  (third  day)  at 
Winchester,  Va. 

June  16. — The  Second  Corps  marched  from  near  Aquia,  via  Dumfries,  to  Wolf 
Run  Shoals,  on  the  Occoquan,  the  Sixth  Corps  from  Dumfries  to  Fairfax  Station ; 
and  the  Cavalry  Corps  from  Union  Mills  and  Bristoe  Station  to  Manassas  Junc- 
tion and  Bulk  Run. 

June  17. — The  First  Corps  marched  from  Manassas  Junction  to  Herndon  Sta- 
tion; the  Second  Corps  from  Wolf  Run  Shoals  to  Sangster’s  Station;  the  Third 
Corps  from  Manassas  Junction  to  Centreville;  the  Fifth  Corps  from  Manassas 
Junction  to  Gum  Springs;  the  Eleventh  Corps  from  Centreville  to  Cow-Horn 
Ford,  or  Trappe  Rock,  on  Goose  Creek;  and  the  Twelfth  Corps  from  Fairfax 
Court-House  to  near  Dranesville.  The  Cavalry  Corps  moved  from  Manassas 
Junction  and  Bull  Run  to  Aldie. 

Combats : Action  at  Aldie,  Va.,  and  skirmishes  at  Catoctin  Creek  and  Point  of 
Rocks,  Md.,  and  at  Thoroughfare  Gap  and  Middleburg,  Va., 

June  18. — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  Fairfax  Station  to 
Fairfax  Court  House:  the  Sixth  Corps  from  Fairfax  Station  to  Germantown; 
and  the  Twelfth  Corps  from  near  Dranesville  to  Leesburg.  J.  I.  Gregg’s  Cavalry 
Brigade  advanced  from  Aldie  to  Middleburg,  and  returned  to  a point  midway 
between  the  two  places. 

Combats : Skirmishes  at  Middleburg  and  Aldie,  Va. 

June  19. — The  First  Corps  marched  from  Herndon  Station  to  Guilford  Station ; 
the  Third  Corps  from  Centreville  to  Gum  Springs;  and  the  Fifth  Corps  from 
Gum  Springs  to  Aldie.  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division,  except  McIntosh’s  (late  Wynd- 
ham’s)  Brigade,  advanced  to  Middleburg.  McIntosh’s  Brigade  moved  from  Aldie 
to  Hay  Market. 

Combats:  Action  at  Middleburg,  Va. 

June  20. — The  Second  Corps  moved  from  Sangster’s  Station  to  Centreville,  and 
thence  toward  Thoroughfare  Gap;  the  Second  division  (Howe’s),  Sixth  Corps, 
from  Germantown  to  Bristoe  Station. 

Combats : Skirmishes  at  Middletown,  Md. 

June  21. — The  Second  Corps  arrived  at  Gainesvillle  and  Thoroughfare  Gap.  The 
Cavalry  Corps  (except  McIntosh’s  Brigade,  of  Gregg’s  division),  supported  by 
Barnes’  (First)  division,  Fifth  Corps,  marched  from  Aldie  and  Middleburg  to 
Upperville.  McIntosh’s  Cavalry  brigade  marched  from  Hay  Market  to  Aldie, 
and  thence  to  Upperville.  Stahel’s  cavalry  division,  from  the  Defenses  of  Wash- 
ington, moved  from  Fairfax  Court-House,  via  Centreville  and  Gainesville,  to 
Buckland  Mills. 

Combatss  Skirmishes  at  Gainesville,  Thoroughfare  Gap,  and  Hay  Market,  Va., 
Frederick,  Md.,  and  an  engagement  at  Upperville,  Va. 

June  22. — The  Cavalry  Corps  of  Barnes’  (First)  division,  of  the  F.ifth  Corps, 
returned  from  Upperville  to  Aldie.  Stahel’s  Cavalry  division  moved  from  Buck- 
land  Mills,  via  New  Baltimore,  to  Warrenton. 

Combats : Skirmishes  near  Dover  and  Aldie,  Va.,  and  Greencastle,  Pa. 

June  23. — Stahel’s  Cavalry  division  moved  from  Warrenton,  via  Gainesville,  to 
Fairfax  Court-House. 

June  24. — Newton’s  (Third)  division,  Sixth  Corps,  moved  from  Germantown  to 
Centreville,  and  the  Eleventh  Corps  from  Cow-Horn  Ford,  or  Trappe  Rock,  on 


4 


ITINERARY  OF  THE  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC. 


Goose  Creek,  to  the  south  bank  of  the  Potomac  at  Edwards  Ferry.  Stahel’s 
Cavalry  division  moved  from  Fairfax  Court-House  to  near  Drainesville. 

Combats : Skirmish  at  Sharpsburg,  Md. 

June  25. — The  First  Corps  marched  from  Guilford  Station,  Va.,  to  Barnesville,. 
Md. ; the  Third  Corps  from  Gum  Springs,  Va.,  to  the  north  side  of  the  Potomac 
at  Edwards  Ferry,  and  the  mouth  of  the  Monocacy ; the  Eleventh  Corps  from 
Edwards  Ferry,  Va.,  to  Jefferson,  Md. ; and  the  Artillery  Reserve  from  Fairfax 
Court-House,  Va.,  to  near  Poolesville,  Md.  These  commands  crossed  the  Po- 
tomac at  Edwards  Ferry.  The  Second  Corps  marched  from  Thoroughfare  Gap' 
and  Gainesville  to  Gum  Springs.  Howe’s  (Second)  division,  Sixth  Corps, 
moved  from  Bristoe  Station  to  Centreville;  Crawford’s  division  (two  brigades) 
of  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  from  the  Defenses  of  Washington,  marched  from 
Fairfax  Station  and  Upton’s  Hill  to  Vienna.  Stannard’s  Vermont  Brigade,  from 
the  Defenses  of  Washington,  left  the  mouth  of  the  Occoquan  en  route  to  join, 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  Stahel’s  Cavalry  division  moved  from  near  Dranes- 
ville,  Va.,  via  Young’s  Island  Ford,  on  the  Potomac,  en  route  to  Frederick,  Md. 

Combats’.  Skirmishes  at  Thoroughfare  Gap  and  Hay  Market,  Va.,  and  near 
McConnellsburg,  Pa. 

June  26. — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  Fairfax  Court- 
House,  Va.,  via  Drainesville  and  Edwards  Ferry,  to  Poolesville,  Md. ; the  First 
Corps  from  Barnesville  to  Jefferson,  Md. ; the  Second  Corps  from  Gum  Springs, 
Va.,  to  the  Potomac  at  Edwards  Ferry;  the  Third  Corps  from  the  mouth  of  the 
Monocacy  to  Point  of  Rocks,  Md.,  the  Fifth  Corps  from  Aldie,  Va.,  via  Carter’s 
Mills,  Leesburg,  and  Edwards  Ferry,  to  within  four  miles  of  the  mouth  of  the 
Monocacy,  Md. ; the  Sixth  Corps  from  Germantown  and  Centreville  to  Draines- 
ville, Va. ; the  Eleventh  Corps  from  Jefferson  to  Middletown,  Md. ; the  Twelfth 
Corps  from  Leesburg,  Va.,  via  Edwards  Ferry,  to  the  mouth  of  the  Monocacy, 
Md. ; and  the  Cavalry  Corps  (Buford’s  and  Gregg’s  division)  from  Aldie  to 
Leesburg,  Va.  Stahel’s  Cavalry  division  was  en  route  between  the  Potomac  and 
Frederick,  Md.  Crawford’s  Pennsylvania  Reserves  moved  from  Vienna  to  Goose 
Creek,  Va. 

Combats : Skirmishes  near  Gettysburg,  Pa. 

June  27. — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  Poolsville  to  Fred- 
erick, Md. ; the  First  Corps  from  Jefferson  to  Middletown,  Md. ; the  second 
Corps  from  near  Edwards  Ferry,  via  Poolesville,  to  Barnesville,  Md. ; the  Third 
Corps  from  Point  of  Rocks-,  via  Jefferson,  to  Middletown,  Md. ; the  Fifth  Corps 
from  a point  between  Edwards  Ferry  and  the  mouth  of  the  Monocacy  to  Balling- 
er’s Creek,  near  Frederick,  Md. : the  Sixth  Corps  from  Drainesville,  Va.,  via  Ed- 
wards Ferry,  to  near  Poolesville,  Md. : the  Twelfth  Corps  from  near  the  mouth 
of  the  Monocacy,  via  Point  of  Rocks,  to  Knoxville,  Md. ; Buford’s  Cavalry  divi- 
sion from  Leesburg,  Va.,  via  Edwards  Ferry  to  near  Jefferson,  Md. ; Gregg’s 
Cavalry  division  from  Leesburg,  Va.,  via  Edwrards  Ferry,  towards  Frederick, 
Md. ; and  the  Artillery  Reserve  from  Poolesville  to  Frederick,  Md.  Stahel’s 
Cavalry  division  reached  Frederick,  Md.  Crawford’s  Pennsylvania  Reserves 
moved  from  Goose  Creek,  Va.,  via  Edward’s  Ferry  to  the  mouth  of  the  Mo- 
nocacy, Md. 

Combats : Skirmishes  near  Fairfax  Court-House,  Va. 

June  28.— The  First  Corps  marched  from  Middletown  to  Frederick;  the  Sec- 


ITINERARY  OF  THE  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC. 


5 


ond  Corps  from  Barnesville  to  Monocacy  Junction,  the  Third  Corps*  from  Mid- 
dletown to  near  Woodsborough ; the  Sixth  Corps  from  near  Poolesville  to 
Hyattstown;  the  Eleventh  Corps  from  Middletown  to  near  Frederick,  and  the 
Twelfth  Corps  from  Knoxville  to  Frederick.  Buford’s  Cavalry  division  moved 
from  near  Jefferson  to  Middletown;  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division  reached  Frederick 
and  marched  thence  to  Ne-w  Market  and  Ridgeville.  Crawford’s  Pennsylvania 
Reserves  marched  from  the  mouth  of  the  Monocacy  and  joined  the  Fifth  Corps*51' 
at  Ballinger’s  Creek.  Stahel’s  Cavalry  division  was  assigned  to  the  Cavalry 
Corps,  as  Third  Division,  under  Brig.  General  Judson  Kilpatrick,  with  Brig. 
General  Elon  J.  Farnsworth  commanding  the  First  Brigade  and  Brig.  George  A. 
Custer  commanding  the  Second  Brigade. 

Combats : Skirmishes  between  Offutt’s  Cross-Roads  and  Seneca,  and  near 
Rockville,  Md.,  and  at  Fountain  Dale,  Wrightsville,  and  near  Oyster  Point,  Pa. 

June  29. — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  Frederick  to  Mid- 
dleburg;  the  First  and  Eleventh  Corps  from  Frederick  to  Emmittsburg;  the 
Second  Corps  from  Monocacy  Junction,  via  Liberty  and  Johnsville,  to  Union- 
town;  the  Third  Corps  from  near  Woodsborough  to  Taneytown;  the  Fifth  Corps 
from  Ballanger’s  Creek,  via  Frederick  and  Mount  Pleasant,  to  Liberty ; the  Sixth 
Corps  from  Hyattstown,  via  New  Market  and  Ridgeville,  to  New  Windsor;  the 
Twelfth  Corps  from  Frederick  to  Taneytown  and  Bruceville;  Gamble’s  (First) 
and  Devin’s  (Second)  Brigades,  of  Buford’s  (First)  Cavalry  division,  from 
Middletown,  via  Boonsborough,  Cavetown  and  Monterey  Springs,  to  near  Fair- 
field;  Merritt’s  reserve  Cavalry  Brigade,  of  the  same  division,  from  Middletown 
to  Mechanicstown ; Gregg’s  (Second)  Cavalry  division  from  New  Market  and 
Ridgeville  to  New  Windsor  : Kilpatricks’  (Third)  Cavalry  division  from  Fred- 
erick to  Littlestown ; and  the  Artillery  Reserve  from  Fredeick  to  Bruceville. 

Combats : Skirmishes  at  Muddy  Branch  and  Westminster,  Md.,  and  at  Mc- 
Connellsburg  and  near  Oyster  Point,  Pa. 

June  30. — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  Middleburg  to 
Taneytown,  the  First  Corps  from  Emmittsburg  to  Marsh  Run ; the  Third  Corps 
from  Taneytown  to  Bridgeport ; the  Fifth  Corps  from  Liberty,  via  Johnsville, 
Union  Bridge  and  Union,  to  Union  Mills;  the  Sixth  Corps  from  New  Windsor 
to  Manchester;  the  Twelfth  Corps  from  Taneytown  and  Bruceville  to  Littles- 
town, Gamble’s  and  Devin’s  Brigades,  of  Buford’s  Cavalry  division,  from  near 
Fairfield;  via  Emmittsburg,  to  Gettysburg;  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division  from  New 
Windsor  to  Westminster,  and  thence  to  Manchester;  Kilpatrick’s  Cavalry  divi- 
sion from  Littlestown  to  Hanover ; and  the  Artillery  Reserve  from  Bruceville  to 
Taneytown.  Kenly’s  and  Morris’  Brigades,  of  French’s  division,  left  Maryland 
Heights  for 'Frederick,  and  Elliott’s  and  Smith’s  Brigades,  of  the  same  division, 
moved  from  the  Heights,  by  way  of  the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Canal,  for  Wash- 
ington. 

Combats:  Action  at  Hanover,  Pennsylvania,  and  skirmishes  at  Westminster, 
Md.,  and  at  Fairfield  and  Sporting  Hill,  near  Harrisburg,  Pa. 

July  1. — The  First  Corps  moved  from  Marsh  Run  and  the  Eleventh  Corps 
from  Emmittsburg  to  Gettysburg;  the  Second  Corps  from  Uniontown,  via  Taney- 
town, to  near  Gettysburg ; the  Third  Corps  from  Bridgeport,  via  Emmittsburg,  to 

*Maj.  Gen.  D.  E.  Sickles  resumed  command  of  the  Third  Corps,  relieving  Maj.  Gen.  D.  B. 
Birney,  who  had  been  temporarily  in  command. 

**Maj.  Gen.  George  G.  Mead^  r^linquh  h^d  command  of  the  Fifth  Corps  to  Mai.  G^n.  George 
Sykes,  and  assumed  command  of  the  army  of  the  Potomac,  relieving  Maj.  Gen.  Jos.  Hooker. 


6 


ITINERARY  OF  THE  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC. 


the  field  of  Gettysburg;  the  Fifth  Corps  from  Union  Mills,  via  Hanover  and  Mc- 
Sherrystown,  to  Bonaughtown;  the  Sixth  Corps  from  Manchester  en  route  to 
Gettysburg;  and  the  Twelfth  Corps  from  Littlestown,  via  Two  Taverns  to  the 
field  of  Gettysburg.  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division  marched  from  Manchester  to  Han- 
over Junction,  whence  McIntosh’s  and  J.  I.  Gregg’s  Brigades  proceeded  to  Han- 
over, while  Huey’s  Brigade  returned  to  Manchester.  Kilpatrick’s  Cavalry  divi- 
sion moved  from  Hanover,  via  Abbottstown,  to  Berlin ; and  the  Artillery  Reserve 
(Ransom’s  and  Fitzhugh’s  Bigades)  from  Taneytown  to  near  Gettysburg.  Stan- 
nard’s  Vermont  Brigade,  from  the  defense  of  Washington,  joined  the  First  Corps 
on  the  field  of  Gettysburg.  W.  F.  Smith’s  (First)  division,  of  the  Department 
of  the  Susquehanna,  marched  from  the  vicinity  of  Harrisburg  to  Carlisle.  Kenly’s 
and  Morris’  Brigades  of  French’s  division  reached  Frederick. 

Combats:  Battle  of  Gettysburg  (First  day),  and  Skirmishes  at  Carlisle,  Pa. 

July  2. — The  Second,  Fifth,  and  Sixth  Corps,  Lockwood’s  Brigade,  from  the 
Middle  Department,  McIntosh’s  and  J.  I.  Gregg’s  Brigades,  of  D.  McM.  Gregg’s 
Cavalry  division,  Kilpatrick’s  Cavalry  division,  and  the  Artillery  Reserve,  reached 
the  field  of  Gettysburg.  Gamble’s  and  Devin’s  Brigades,  of  Buford’s  Cavalry 
division,  marched  from  Gettysburg  to  Taneytown,  and  Merritt’s  Reserve  Brigade 
from  Mechanicstown  to  Emmittsburg. 

Combats:  Battle  of  Gettysburg  (Second  day),  and  skirmishes  at  Hunters- 
town  and  near  Chambersburg,  Pa. 

July  3. — Gamble’s  and  Devin’s  Brigades,  of  Buford’s  Cavalry  division,  moved 
from  Taneytown  to  Westminster;  Merritt’s  Reserve  Brigade  from  Emmittsburg 
to  the  field  of  Gettysburg;  and  Huey’s  Brigade,  of  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division,  from 
Manchester  to  Westminster. 

Combats:  Battle  of  Gettysburg  (Third  day),  and  action  at  Fairfield,  Pa. 

July  4. — Gamble’s  and  Devin’s  Brigades,  of  Buford’s  Cavalry  division  marched 
from  Westminster,  and  Merritt’s  Reserve  Brigade  from  Gettysburg,  en  route  to 
Frederick;  Huey’s  Brigade,  of  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division,  from  Westminster,  via 
Emmittsburg,  to  Monterey;  J.  I.  Gregg’s  Cavalry  Brigade  from  Gettysburg  to 
Hunterstown ; and  Kilpatrick’s  Cavalry  division  from  Gettysburg  via  Emmitts- 
burg,  to  Monterey.  Smith’s  division,  of  Couch’s  command,  moved  from  Carlisle, 
via  Mount  Holly,  to  Pine  Grove,  and  the  remainder  of  Couch’s  troops  from  the 
vicinity  of  Harrisburg  toward  Shippensburg  and  Chambersburg.  Elliott’s  and 
Smith's  Brigades,  of  French’s  division,  arrived  at  Washington  from  Maryland 
Heights,  and  moved  to  Tennallytown.  Morris’  Brigade,  of  French’s  division, 
marched  from  Frederick  to  Turner’s  Gap,  in  South  Mountain. 

Combats:  Action  at  Monterey  Gap,  Pa.,  and  skirmishes  at  Fairfield  Gap,  Pa., 
and  near  Emmittsburg.  Md. 

July  5. — Leaving  Gettysburg,  the  Second  Corps  marched  to  Two  Taverns; 
the  Fifth  Corps  to  Marsh  Run ; the  Sixth  Corps  to  Fairfield ; the  Eleventh  Corps 
to  Rock  Creek ; the  T welfth  Corps  to  Littlestown ; McIntosh’s  Brigade,  of 
Gregg’s  Cavalry  division  to  Emmittsburg;  and  the  Artillery  Reserve  to  Littles- 
town. Buford’s  Cavalry  division  reached  Frederick.  J.  I.  Gregg’s  Cavalry 
Brigade,  moved  from  Hunterstown  to  Greenwood.  Kilpatrick’s  cavalry  divi- 
sion and  Huey’s  Brigade,  of  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division,  marched  from  Monterey 
via  Smithsburg.  to  Boonsborough. 

Combats : Skirmishes  at  or  near  Smithsburg,  Md.,  and  Green  Oak.  Mercers- 


ITINERARY  OF  THE  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC. 


7 


burg,  Fairfield,  Greencastle,  Cunningham’s  Cross-Roads,  and  Stevens’  Furnace 
(or  Caledonia  Iron  Works),  Pa. 

July  6. — The  First  corps  marched  from  Gettysburg  to  Emmittsburg;  the 
Fifth  Corps  from  Marsh  Run  to  Moritz’s  Cross-Roads;  the  Sixth  Corps  from 
Fairfield  to  Emmittsburg,  except  Neill’s  (Third)  Brigade,  of  Howe’s  (Second) 
division,  which,  in  conjunction  with  McIntosh’s  Brigade  of  Cavalry,  was  left 
at  Fairfield  to  pursue  the  enemy ; the  Eleventh  Corps  from  Rock  Creek  to  Em- 
mittsburg; Buford’s  Cavalry  division  from  Frederick  to  Williamsport  and  thence 
back  to  Jones’  Cross-Roads;  Kilpatrick’s  Cavalry  division  and  Huey’s  Brigade 
of  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division,  from  Boonsborough,  via  Hagerstown*  and  Wil- 
liamsport, to  Jones’  Cross-Roads;  McIntosh’s  Brigade,  of  Gregg’s  Cavalry  divi- 
sion, from  Emmittsburg  to  Fairfield;  and  J.  I.  Gregg’s  Brigade,  of  Gregg’s  Cav- 
alry division,  from  Greenwood  to  Marion.  Smith’s  Division,  of  Couch’s  com- 
mand, moved  from  Pine  Grove  to  Newman’s  Pass.  Kenly’s  Brigade,  of  French’s 
division,  marched  from  Frederick  en  route  to  Maryland  Heights.  Elliott’s  and 
Smith’s  Brigades,  of  French’s  division,  left  Tennallytown,  via  Washington  and 
the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad,  en  route  to  Frederick. 

Combats : Actions  at  Hagerstown  and  Williamsport,  Md. 

July  7. — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  Gettysburg  to 
Frederick;  the  First  Corps  from  Emmittsburg  to  Hamburg;  the  Second  Corps 
from  Two  Taverns  to  Taneytown;  the  Third  Corps  from  Gettysburg,  via  Em- 
mittsburg, to  Mechanicstown ; the  Fifth  Corps  from  Moritz’s  Cross-Roads,  via 
Emmittsburg,  to  Utica ; the  Sixth  Corps  from  Emmittsburg  to  Mountain  Pass, 
near  Hamburg;  the  Eleventh  Corps  from  Emmittsburg  to  Middletown;  the 
Twelfth  Corps  from  I.ittlestown  to  Walkersville ; and  the  Artillery  Reserve  from 
Littlestown  to  Woodsborough.  Buford’s  and  Kilpatrick’s  Cavalry  divisions  and 
Huey’s  Brigade,  of  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division,  moved  from  Jones’  Cross-Roads  to 
Boonsborough.  J.  I.  Gregg’s  Cavalry  Brigade  was  moving  en  route  from 
Chamber sburg  to  Middletown.  McIntosh’s  Brigade  of  Cavalry  and  Neill’s  Bri- 
gade of  the  Sixth  Corps,  moved  from  Fairfield  to  Waynesborough.  Smith’s 
division,  of  Couch’s  command,  marched  from  Newman’s  Pass  to  Altodale. 
Kenly’s  Brigade  of  French’s  division,  with  other  troops  forwarded  by  Schenck 
from  Baltimore,  reoccupied  Maryland  Heights.  Elliott’s  and  Smith’s  Brigades, 
of  French’s  division,  reached  Frederick  from  Washington. 

Combats : Skirmishes  at  Downsville  and  Funkstown,  Md.,  and  at  Harper’s 

Ferry,  W.  Va. 

July  8. — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  Frederick  to  Mid- 
dletown; the  Frst  Corps  from  Hamburg  to  Turner’s  Gap,  in  South  Mountain; 
the  Second  Corps  from  Taneytown  to  Frederick;  the  Third  Corps  from  Mechan- 
icstown to  a point  3 miles  southwest  of  Frederick;  the  Fifth  Corps  from  Utica  to 
Middletown ; the  Sixth  Corps  from  near  Hamburg  to  Middletown ; the  Eleventh 
Corps  from  Middletown  to  Turner’s  Gap  in  South  Mountain,  Schurz’s  (Third) 
division  being  advanced  to  Boonsborough;  the  Twelfth  Corps  from  Walkersville 
to  Jefferson;  and  the  Artillery  Reserve  from  Woodsborough  to  Frederick.  J.  I. 
Gregg’s  Cavalry  Brigade  was  moving  en  route  from  Chambersburgto  Middletown. 
Smith’s  division  of  Couch’s  command,  moved  from  Altodale  to  Waynesborough. 
Campbell’s  and  Mulligan’s  Brigade,  of  Kelley’s  command,  Department  of  West! 

*Richmond  brigade,  Kilpatrick’s  division,  remained  at  Hagerstown,  whence  it  retired  toward 
Boonsborough. 


8 


ITINERARY  OF  THE  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC. 


Virginia,  were  concentrated  at  Hancock,  whence  they  moved  to  Fairview,  on 
North  Mountain. 

Combats : Action  at  Boonsborough  and  skirmish  near  Williamsport,  Md. 

July  g. — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  Middletown  to 
Turner’s  Gap;  the  Second  Corps  from  Frederick  to  Rohrersville;  the  Third 
Corps  from  near  Frederick  to  Fox’s  Gap,  in  South  Mountain;  the  Fifth  Corps 
from  Middletown,  via  Fox’s  Gap,  to  near  Boonsborough;  the  Sixth  Corps  from 
Middletown  to  Boonsborough;  the  Twelfth  Corps  from  Jefferson  to  Rohrersville; 
and  the  Artillery  Reserve  from  Frederick  to  Boonsborough.  J.  I.  Gregg’s  Cav- 
alry Brigade  reached  Middletown  from  Chambersburg.  Elliott’s  and  Smith’s 
Brigades,  of  French’s  division,  marched  from  Frederick  to  Middletown. 

Combats : Skirmish  at  Benevola  (or  Beaver  Creek),  Md. 

July  io. — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  Turner’s  Gap  to 
Beaver  Creek,  beyond  Boonsborough:  the  First  Corps  from  Turner’s  Gap  to 
Beaver  Creek,  where  it  was  joined  by  Kenly’s  Brigade,  of  French’s  division, 
from  Maryland  Heights;  the  Second  Corps  from  Rohrersville  to  near  Tilghman- 
ton ; the  Third  Corps  from  Fox’s  Gap,  through  Boonsborough,  to  Antietam 
Creek,  in  the  vicinity  of  Jones’  Cross-Roads,  where  it  was  joined  by  Elliott’s 
and  Smith’s  Brigades,  of  French’s  division,  which  marched  from  Middletown, 
and  Morris’  Brigade,  of  the  same  division,  which  marched  from  Turner’s  Gap; 
the  Fifth  Corps  from  near  Boonsborough  to  Delaware  Mills,  on  Antietam  Creek; 
the  Sixth  Corps  from  Boonsborough  to  Beaver  Creek;  the  Eleventh  Corps  from 
Turner’s  Gap  to  Beaver  Creek;  and  the  Twelfth  Corps  from  Rohrersville  to 
Bakersville ; Buford’s  and  Kilpatrick’s  Cavalry  division  moved  from  Boons- 
borough to  Funkstown ; Huey’s  Brigade  of  Gregg’s  Cavalry  divisions  from 
Boonsborough  to  Jones’  Cross-Roads,  and  McIntosh’s  Cavalry  Brigade  from 
Waynesborough,  via  Smithsburg  and  Leitersburg,  to  Old  Antietam  Forge  and 
back  to  Waynesborough. 

Combats : Skirmishes  at  or  near  Old  Antietam  Forge  (near  Leitersburg), 
Clear  Spring,  Hagerstown,  Jones’  Cross-Roads  (near  Williamsport),  and  Funks- 
town, Md. 

July  it. — The  Second  Corps  moved  from  near  Tilghmanton  to  the  neighbor- 
hood of  Jones’  Cross-Roads;  the  Twelfth  Corps  from  Bakersville  to  Fair  Play 
and  Jones’  Cross-Roads;  Gamble’s  and  Devin’s  Brigades,  of  Buford’s  Cavalry 
division,  from  Funkstown  to  Bakersville;  J.  I.  Gregg’s  Cavalry  Brigade  from 
Middletown  to  Boonsborough;  Kilpatrick’s  Cavalry  division  from  Funkstown 
to  near  Hagerstown;  the  Artillery  Reserve  from  Boonsborough  to  Benevola; 
Neill’s  Brigade,  of  the  Sixth  Corps,  and  Smith’s  division,,  of  Couch’s  command, 
from  Wawnesborough  to  Leitersburg. 

Combats : Skirmishes  at  or  near  Hagerstown,  Jones’  Cross-Roads  (near  Wil- 

liamsport), and  Funkstown,  Md. 

July  .12. — The  First,  Sixth,  and  Eleventh  Corps  moved  from  Beaver  Creek  to 
Funkstown;  McIntosh’s  Cavalry  Brigade  from  Waynesborough,  via  Leitersburg, 
to  Boonsborough;  Kilpatrick’s  Cavalry  division  and  Ames’  (First),  division. 
Eleventh  Corps,  occupied  Hagerstown ; Neill’s  Brigade,  of  the  Sixth  Corps, 
moved  from  Leitersburg  to  Funkstown,  where  it  rejoined  its  corps;  Smith’s 
division  (except  one  brigade  left  at  Waynesborough)  from  Leitersburg  to  Cave- 
town;  Dana’s  (Second)  division  of  Couch’s  command,  from  Chambersburg  to 


ITINERARY  OF  THE  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC. 


9 


Greencastle;  and  Averell’s  Cavalry  Brigade,  Department  of  West  Virginia,  from 
Cumberland  en  route  to  Fairview. 

Combats:  Skirmishes  at  or  near  Hagerstown,  Jones’  Cross-Roads  (near  Wil- 
liamsport), and  Funkstown,  Md.,  and  Ashby’s  Gap,  Va. 

July  13. — The  Sixth  Corps  moved  from  Funkstown  to  the  vicinity  of  Hagers- 
town; the  Artillery  Reserve  from  Benevola  to  Jones’  Cross-Roads,  two  brigades 
remaining  at  the  latter  place  and  the  others  returning  to  Benevola ; Smith’s 
division,  of  Couch’s  command,  from  Waynesborough  and  Cavetown  to  Hagers- 
town and  Beaver  Creek.  Averell’s  Cavalry  brigade  joined  Kelley’s  infantry  at 
Fairview. 

Combats:  Skirmishes  at  Hagerstown,  Jones’  Cross-Roads,  and  Funkstown,  Md. 

July  14. — The  First  Corps  marched  from  Funkstown  to  Williamsport;  the 
Second  Corps  from  near  Jones’  Cross-Roads  to  near  Falling  Waters;  the  Third 
Corps  from  Antietam  Creek,  near  Jones’  Cross-Roads  across  Marsh  Creek;  the 
Fifth  Corps  from  the  vicinity  of  Roxbury  Mills,  on  Antietam  Creek,  to  near 
Williamsport ; the  Sixth  Corps  from  the  neighborhood  of  Hagerstown  to  Wil- 
liamsport; the  Eleventh  Corps  from  Funkstown,  via  Hagerstown,  to  Williams- 
port; and  Williams’  (First)  division,  of  the  Twelfth  Corps,  from  Jones’  Cross- 
Roads  to  near  Falling  Waters,  and  thence  to  near  Williamsport.  Buford’s  Cav- 
alry division  moved  from  Bakersville  to  Falling  Waters ; McIntosh’s  and  J.  I. 
Gregg's  Brigades,  of  D.  McM.  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division,  from  Boonsborough  to 
Harper’s  Ferry;  Huey’s  Brigade,  of  same  division,  from  Jones’  Cross-Roads,  via 
Williamsport,  to  Falling  W’aters;  and  Kilpatrick’s  Cavalry  division  from  Hagers- 
town, via  Williamsport,  to  Falling  Waters.  Kelley’s  command,  Department  of 
West  Virginia,  marched  from  Fairview  to  Williamsport. 

Combats : Action  at  Falling  Waters,  Md.,  and  skirmishes  near  Williamsport, 

Md.,  and  Harper’s  Ferry,  W Va. 

July  15. — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  Beaver  Creek  to 
Berlin;  the  First  Corps  from  Williamsport  to  Rohrersville;  the  Second  Corps, 
from  near  Falling  Waters  to  near  Sandy  Hook;  the  Third  Corps  from  Marsh 
Creek  to  near  Burnside’s  bridge,  on  the  Antietam ; the  Fifth  Corps  from  near 
Williamsport  to  Burkittsville ; the  Sixth  Corps  from  Williamsport  to  Boons- 
borough ; the  Eleventh  Corps  from  Williamsport,  via  Hagerstown,  to  Middle- 
town  ; and  the  Twelfth  Corps  from  Fair  Play  and  near  Williamsport  to  Sandy 
Hook  Two  brigades  of  the  Artillery  Reserve  moved  from  Jones’  Cross-Roads, 
and,  joining  the  remainder  of  the  reserve  at  Benevola,  the  whole  command 
marched  thence,  via  Middletown,  to  Berlin.  Buford’s  Cavalry  division  moved 
from  Falling  Waters  to  Berlin ; McIntosh’s  and  J.  I.  Gregg’s  Brigades  of  D. 
McM.  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division,  from  Harper’s  Ferry,  via  Halltown,  to  Shep- 
herdstown ; Huey’s  Brigade,  of  same  division,  from  Falling  Waters  to  Boons- 
borough; and  Kilpatrick’s  Cavalry  division  from  Falling  Waters,  via  Williams- 
port and  Hagerstown,  to  Boonsborough.  Kelley’s  command,  Department  of 
West  Virginia,  marched  from  Williamsport  to  Indian  Springs. 

Combats:  Skirmishes  at  Halltown  and  Shepherdstown,  W.  Va. 

July  1 6. — The  First  Corps  marched  from  Rohrersville  to  near  Berlin ; the 
Third  Corps  from  Burnside’s  bridge  to  Pleasant  Valley,  near  Sandy  Hook;  the 
Fifth  Corps  from  Burkittsville,  via  Petersville.  to  near  Berlin ; the  Sixth  Corps 
from  rBoonsborough  to  near  Berlin ; the  Eleventh  Corps  from  Middletown,  via 
Jefferson,  to  Berlin ; and  the  Twelfth  Corps  from  Sandy  Hook  to  Pleasant  Val- 


o 


ITINERARY  OF  THE  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC. 


ley.  Bufords  Cavalry  division  moved  from  Berlin  to  Petersville;  Huey’s 
Brigade,  of  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division,  from  Boonsborough,  via  Harper’s  Ferry,  to 
Shepherdstown ; and  Kilpatrick’s  division  from  Boonsborough  to  Berlin,  whence 
De  Forest’s  (First)  Brigade  proceeded  to  Harper’s  Ferry. 

Combats : Action  at  Shepherdstown,  skirmishes  at  Shanghai,  W.  Va. 

July  17. — The  Third  Corps  moved  from  near  Sandy  Hook,  crossed  the  Poto- 
mac at  Harper’s  Ferry,  and  proceeded  to  a point  three  miles  south  of  the  Ferry; 
the  Fifth  Corps  moved  from  near  Berlin  to  Lovettsville,  crossing  the  Potomac 
at  Berlin.  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division  marched  from  Shepherdstown  to  Harper’s 
Ferry;  Kilpatrick’s  Cavalry  division  from  Berlin  and  Harper’s  Ferry  to  Purcell- 
ville,  Custer’s  Brigade  crossing  the  Potomac  at  Berlin,  and  De  Forest’s  Brigade 
crossing  the  Shenandoah  at  Harper’s  Ferry.  Kelly’s  command,  Department  of 
West  Virginia,  moved  from  Indian  Springs,  Md.,  to  Hedgesville,  W.  Va.,  cross- 
ing the  Potomac  at  Cherry  Run. 

Combats:  Skirmishes  near  North  Mountain  Station,  West  Virginia,  and  near 
Snicker’s  Gap,  Va. 

July  18. — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  Berlin,  Md.,  to 
Lovettsville,  Va. ; the  First  Corps  from  near  Berlin  to  Waterford,  crossing  the 
Potomac  at  Berlin;  the  Second  Corps  from  near  Sandy  Hook  to  Hillsborough, 
crossing  the  Potomac  and  Shenandoah  Rivers  at  Harper’s  Ferry;  the  Third 
Corps  from  near  Harper’s  Ferry  to  Hillsborough ; the  Fifth  Corps  from  Lovetts- 
ville to  near  Purcellville ; the  Artillery  Reserve  from  Berlin  to  Wheatland;  and 
Buford’s  Cavalry  division  from  Petersville  to  Purcellville,  crossing  the  Potomac 
at  Berlin. 

Combats:  Skirmishes  at  or  near  Hedgeville  and  Martinsburg,  Va. 

July  19. — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  Lovettsville  to 
Wheatland;  the  First  Corps  from  Waterford  to  Hamilton;  the  Second  and  Third 
Corps  from  Hillsborough  to  Wood  Grove;  the  Fifth  Corps  from  near  Purcell- 
ville to  a point  on  the  road  to  Philomont;  the  Sixth  Corps  from  near  Berlin  to 
Wheatland,  and  the  Eleventh  Corps  from  Berlin  to  near  Hamilton,  both  corps 
crossing  the  Potomac  at  Berlin ; the  Artillery  Reserve  from  Wheatland  to  Pur- 
cellville; and  the  Twelfth  Corps  from  Pleasant  Valley  to  near  Hillsborough, 
crossing  the  Potomac  and  Shenandoah  Rivers  at  Harper’s  Ferry.  Buford’s 
Cavalry  division  moved  from  Purcellville,  via  Philomont,  to  near  Rector’s  Cross- 
Roads.  McIntosh’s  Brigade,  of  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division,  moved  from  Harper’s 
Ferry  towards  Hillsborough,  and  Huey’s  and  J.  I.  Gregg’s  Brigades  of  the  same 
division,  from  Plarper’s  Ferry  to  Lovettsville.  Kilpatrick’s  division  of  Cavalry 
marched  from  Purcellville  to  Upperville.  Kelley’s  command,  Department  of 
West  Virginia,  fell  back  from  Hedgesville  to  the  Maryland  side  of  the  Potomac 
at  Cherry  Run. 

Combats:  Skirmishes  at  and  near  Hedgesville  and  Martinsville,  W.  Va. 

July  20. — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  Wheatland  to 
Union;  the  First  Corps  from  Hamilton  to  Middleburg.  the  Second  and  Third 
Corps  from  Wood  Grove,  the  former  going  to  Bloomfield  and  the  latter  to  Up- 
perville; the  Fifth  Corps  from  a point  on  the  Purcellville  and  Philomont  road,  via 
Union,  to  Panther  Skin  Creek ; the  Sixth  Corps  from  Wheatland  to  near  Beaver 
Dam ; the  Eleventh  Corps  from  near  Hamilton,  via  Mount  Gilead,  to  Mount  - 
ville ; the  Twelfth  Corps  from  near  Hillsborough,  via  Wood  Grove,  to  Snlckers- 
ville ; and  the  Artillery  Reserve  from  Purcellville  to  Union.  Buford’s  Cavalry 


ITINERARY  OF  THE  ARMY  OF  TIIE  POTOMAC. 


I 


division  moved  from  near  Rector’s  Cross-Roads  to  Rectortown,  Gamble’s  Brigade 
going  thence  to  Chester  Gap,  Devin’s  Brigade  to  Salem,  and  Merritt’s  Brigade  to 
Manassas  Gap.  McIntosh’s  Brigade,  of  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division,  reached  Hills- 
borough and  marched  thence  toward  Purcellville.  Huey’s  and  J.  I.  Gregg’s 
Brigades,  of  same  division,  moved  from  Lovettsville  to  Goose  Creek. 

Combats:  Skirmishes  near  Berry’s  Ferry  and  Ashby’s  Gap,  Va. 

July  21. — Huey’s  and  J.  I.  Gregg’s  Brigades,  of  D.  McM.  Gregg’s  Cavalry 
division,  moved  from  Goose  Creek  to  Bull  Run ; McIntosh’s  Brigade  returned  to 
Hillsborough ; Kelly’s  command,  Department  of  West  Virginia,  recrossed  the 
Potomac  from  Maryland  into  Virginia  at  Cherry  Run. 

Combats : Skirmishes  at  Manassas  and  Chester  Gaps,  Va. 

July  22. — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  Union  to  Upper- 
ville;  the  First  Corps  from  Middleburg  to  White  Plains;  the  Second  Corps  from 
Bloomfield  to  Paris;  the  Third  Corps  from  Upperville,  via  Piedmont,  to  Linden; 
the  Fifth  Corps  from  Panther  Skin  Creek  to  Rectortown ; and  the  Sixth  Corps 
from  near  Beaver  Dam  to  Rectortown.  Devin’s  Brigade,  of  Buford’s  Cavalry 
division,  moved  from  Salem  to  Barbee’s  Cross-Roads ; Fluey’s  and  J.  I.  Gregg’s 
Brigades,  of  D.  McM.  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division,  from  Bull  Run  to  Broad  Run; 
and  Kilpatrick’s  Cavalry  division  from  Upperville  to  Piedmont. 

Combats:  Skirmishes  at  Manassas  and  Chester  Gaps,  Va. 

July  23. — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  Upperville  to  Lin- 
den ; the  First  Corps  from  White  Plains  to  Warrenton ; the  Second  Corps  from 
Paris  to  Linden ; the  Third  Corps  from  Linden  to  Manassas  Gap ; the  Fifth 
Corps  from  Rectortown,  via  Markham  Station,  Farrowsville,  and  Linden,  to 
Manassas  Gap;  the  Sixth  Corps  from  Rectortown  to  White  Plains  and  Barbee’s 
Cross-Roads;  the  Eleventh  Corps  from  Mountville  to  New  Baltimore;  the 
Twelfth  Corps  from  Snickersville  to  Ashby’s  Gap  and  thence  to  Markham  Sta- 
tion ; and  the  Artillery  Reserve  from  Union  to  near  Rock  Creek.  Buford’s  Cav- 
alry division  moved  from  Hillsborough  to  Snickersville ; and  Kilpatrick’s  Cavalry 
division  from  Piedmont  to  Amissville. 

Combats:  Action  at  Wapping  Heights,  Manassas  Gap,  and  skirmishes  near 
Gaines’  Cross-Roads,  Snicker’s  Gap,  and  Chester  Gap,  Va. 

July  24. — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  Linden  to  Salem; 
the  Second  Corps  from  Linden  to  Markham  Station ; the  First  Division 
(Wright’s)  Sixth  Corps,  from  White  Plains  to  New  Baltimore;  the  Second 
Division  (Howe’s)  Sixth  Corps,  from  Barbee’s  Cross-Roads  to  Markham  Station 
and  thence  to  Orleans;  the  Third  Division  (Bartlett’s)  Sixth  Corps,  from  Bar- 
bee’s Cross-Roads  to  Thumb  Run ; and  the  Twelfth  Corps  from  Markham 
Station  to  Linden,  countermarching,  via  Markham  Station,  to  Piedmont.  Huey’s 
and  J.  I.  Gregg’s  Brigades,  of  D.  McM.  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division,  moved  from 
Broad  Run  to  Warrenton  Junction.  Kelly’s  command,  Department  of  West  Vir- 
ginia, advanced  from  Cherry  Run  to  Hedgesville. 

Combats:  Skirmishes  at  Battle  Mountain,  near  Newby’s  Cross-Roads,  Va 

July  25. — Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved  from  Salem  to  Warren- 
ton; the  First  Corps  from  Warrenton  to  Warrenton  Junction,  the  Second  Divi- 
sion (Robinson’s)  going  on  to  Bealeton;  the  Second  Corps  from  Markham 
Station  to  White  Plains;  the  Third  Corps  from  Manassas  Gap  to  near  Salem;, 
the  Fifth  Corps  from  Manassas  Gap,  via  Farrowsville  and  Barbee’s  Cross-Roads 
to  Thumb  Run;  the  Sixth  Corps  concentrated  at  Warrenton,  Wrights  (First) 


2 


ITINERARY  OF  THE  AKMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC. 


division  moving  from  New  Baltimore,  Howe’s  (Second)  division  from  Orleans, 
and  Bartlett’s  (Third)  division  from  Thumb  Run ; the  Eleventh  Corps  moved 
from  New  Baltimore  to  Warrenton  Junction;  and  the  Twelfth  Corps  from 
Piedmont  via  Rectortown  and  White  Plains,  to  Thoroughfare  Gap.  The  Artil- 
lery Reserve  reached  Warrentown.  Kelly’s  command,  Department  of  West  Vir- 
ginia, occupied  Martinsburg. 

Combats:  Skirmishes  at  Barbee’s.  Cross-Roads,  Va. 

July  26. — The  Second  Corps  marched  from  White  Plains  to  near  German- 
town; the  Third  Corps  from  near  Salem  to  vicinity  of  Warrenton;  the  Fifth 
Corps  from  Thumb  Run  to  vicinity  of  Warrenton,  Crawford’s  (Third)  division 
took  position  at  Fayetteville;  and  the  Twelfth  Corps  from  Thoroughfare  Gap, 
via  Greenwich  and  Catlett’s  Station,  to  Warrenton  Junction.  Buford’s  Cavalry 
division  took  position  at  Wrarrenton  and  Fayetteville.  McIntosh’s  Brigade  of 
Gregg’s  Cavalry  division  marched  from  Snickersville,  via  Upperville,  to  Middle- 
burg.  Kelly’s  command,  Department  of  West  Virginia,  occupied  Winchester. 

July  27. — The  Fifth  Corps  encamped  between  Warrenton  and  Fayetteville. 
McIntosh’s  Brigade,  of  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division,  marched  from  Middleburg,  via 
White  Plains,  New  Baltimore,  and  Warrenton,  toward  Warrenton  Junction. 

July  28. — McIntosh’s  Brigade,  of  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division,  moved  via  War- 
renton Junction,  to  Catlett’s  Station. 

July  29. — D.  McM.  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division  moved  from  Warrenton  Junction 
and  Catlett’s  Station  to  Warrenton. 

July  30. — Kenly’s  (Third)  division,  First  Corps,  moved  from  Warrenton 
Junction  to  Rappahannock  Station;  the  Second  Corps  from  near  Germantown 
to  Elk  Run;  D.  McM.  Gregg’s  Cavalry  division  from  Warrenton  to  Amissville; 
and  Kilpatrick’s  Cavalry  division  from  Amissville,  to  Warrenton. 

July  31. — The  Second  Corps  marched  from  Elk  Run  to  Morrisville;  Howe’s 
(Second)  division,  Sixth  Corps,  from  Warrenton  to  near  Waterloo;  the  Twelfth 
Corps  from  Warrenton  Junction  to  Kelly’s  Ford;  and  Kilpatrick’s  Cavalry 
division  from  Warrenton  to  Warrenton  Junction. 


GENERAL  SUMMARY  OF  CASUALTIES  IN  THE  UNION 
FORCES  DURING  THE  GETTYBURG  CAMPAIGN, 
JUNE  3-AUGUST  i,  1863. 


LOCATION. 

Killed. 

Wounded- 

Captured  or 
missing- 

o3 

c3 

bn 

OJ 

. u 
bu 
bi 
< 

Officers- 

Enlisted  men 

Officers- 

Enlisted  men 

Officers- 

Enlisted  men 

Franklin's  Crossing,  or  Deep  Run,  Va-,  June 

9 

3 

45 

3 

4 

5-13 

57 

Brandy  Station  (Fleetwood)  and  Beverly 

10 

67 

35 

365 

13 

365 

S37 

Ford,  Va-,  June  9 

4 

12 

13 

2Q 

2 

2 

y 

A 

2 

15 

T 

17 

Bunker  Hill,  W-  Va-,  June  13 

1 

6 

2 

33 

1 

54 

97 

Winchester,  Va-,  June  i3-I5-- 

7 

88 

12 

366 

144 

3,856 

4,4i3 

2 

•3 

4 

j 

8 

6 

140 

j 

J59 

W^  1 1 i am spo rt  TVTd.  June  in  

I 

2 

3 

Aldie,  Va-.  June  1 7-- 

4 

46 

9 

122 

6 

118 

305 

Catoctin  Creek,  and  Point  of  Rocks  Md- 

3 

26 

3° 

June  17 .’. 

Middleburg,  Va  , June  17-18 

I 

3 

5 

24 

12 

225 

270 

Middlebnrg  VH-  .Tune  10 

A 

12 

A 

42 

37 

99 

Upperville,  Va-,  June  21 

‘t 

12 

1 

1 3 

117 

66 

209 

Nea.r  Gainesville.  Va--  June  21 

Q 

q 

Thoroughfare  Gap,  and  Hay  Market  Va- 

I 

6 

41 

48 

June  21-25 

Nea.r  Aldie  Va-  June  22 

I 

2 

2 

5 

Green castle  Pa,  .Tune.  22 

I 

MeOonnellshnrg  Pa,  .Tune  2n 

i° 

10 

Near  Gettysburg  June,  26 

176 

176 

Nea.r  Fa,irfa,x  Court-House.  Va,.  June  27 

3 

J 

J4 

3 

52 

73 

Near  Rockville  Md-  June  28 

3 

16 

J9 

Wrightsville  Pa..  June  24 

12 

11 

23 

Muddv  Bra.neh  Md-  .Tune  20 

7 

7 

Westminster  Md.  .Tune  20 

2 

8 

3 

36 

49 

Hanover,  Pa-.  June  3° 

2 

17 

6 

67 

5 1 

1 18 

215 

Sporting  Hill  near  Harrisburg  Pa-  June  3° 

2 

7 

9 

Ca.rlisle  Pa,.  July  1 

12 



12 

Gettysburg,  Pa  , July  1-4 

247 

2,825 

I,I39 

13,358 

182 

5,252 

23,003 

Fa.irfield  Ga.p  "Pa--  July  4.. 

1 

2 

A 

21 

Monterey  Ga.p,  Pa,  July  4 

1 

*3 

• 

Q 

1 

20 

43 

Emmitsburg  Md.  July  4 

J 

y 

67 

68 

Onnningha.m \s  Gross-Roads  Pa-  July  5 

2 

1 

3 

Nea.r  Greenea.stle  Pa-  July  n 

I 

18 

19 

Near  Fairfield  Pa,.  July  s 

2 

5 

7 

Smithshurg  Md.  July  ^ 

j 

c; 

A 

10 

Hagerstown,  Md  , July  6 

3 

16 

5 

45 

10 

184 

263 

Williamsport.  Md-,  July  6 

1 

13 

3 

34 

3 

66 

120 

Downsville,  Md.  July  7 

1 

2 

Funkstown  Md.  July  7 

6 

j 

8 

50 

65 

Boonsborongh  Md.  -Tnly  8 

8 

K 

4.0 

l8 

80 

Near  W i 1 1 i a m sport  Md-  July  8 

J 

4 

4 

Benevola  or  Beaver  Creek,  Md-  July  9 

3 

17 

..... 

5 

25 

Funkstown,  Md.  July  10-13 

1 4. 

7 

7° 

1 

5 

o7 

Hagerstown  Md.  .Tulv  10-13 

T 

5 

/ 

27 

1 

12 

49 

Jones’  Cross-Roa.ds  Md.  .Tulv  10-13 

2 

7 

2 

ii 

Ashbv’s  Gap,  Va,.  July  12  

2 

6 

2 

7 

17 

Near  Williamsport  Md-  July  14 

2 

7 

Falling  Waters.  Md  , July  14 

3 

28 

2 

56 

2 

3° 

121 

Near  Harper’s  Ferry,  W-  Va.  July  14 

1 

24 

25 

Halltown,  W-  Va  , July  *5 

I 

2 

2 

5 

Shepherdstown,  W-  Va-,  July  15 

1 

1 

Shepherdstown,  W-  Va-,  July  26 

8 

8 

64 

24 

1 104 

14 


GENERAL  SUMMARY  OF  CASUALTIES, 


General  Summary,  &e. — Continued. 


location. 


Killed. 


Wounded- 


Captured  or 
missing. 


H 


Snicker’s  Gap,  Va-,  July  17 

Hedgesville  and  Martinsburg,  Va-,  July  18-19 

Ashby’s  Gap,  Va  , July  20 

Berry’s  Ferry,  Va  . July  20 

Manassas  Gap.  Va-,  July  2-22 

Chester  Gap,  Va  . July  21-22 

Wapping  Heights,  Manassas  Gap,  Va-,  July  23  3 

Near  Gaines’  Cross-Roads,  Va-,  July  23 

Near  Snicker’s  Gap,  Va.,  July  23 

Battle  Mountain,  near  Newby’s  Cross-Roads 

Va  , July  24 

Brandy  Station,  Va-,  August  1 - 

Miscellaneous  affairs  en  route 


288 


3,271 


1,288 


15,256 


406 


3 

3 

8 

16 


5 

3 

14 

20 

226 


2 1,488 


4 

5 

6 
6 

29 

25 

103 

6 

4 

3° 

i45 

242 

3i,997 


Grand  total 


/ 


colonel  Marshall’s  address.  i 5 

The  following  extract,  taken  from  the  Baltimore  Sun’s  report  of  the  address  of 
Colonel  Charles  Marshall,  which  he  delivered  January  18,  1896,  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  before  the  Confederate  Veterans’  Association  of  that  city,  as  a reply  to 
General  Longstreet’s  criticism  of  General  Lee’s  campaign  into  Pennsylvania,  not 
only  sets  in  the  right  light  the  preliminary  features  to  the  battle  of  Gettysburg, 
but  also  confirms  what  General  Longstreet  himself  told  the  Rev.  Dr.  Joel  B. 
Swartz,  formerly  a minister  of  Gettysburg,  in  whose  home  he  was  a guest  during 
the  reunion  between  Pickett’s  division  of  Longstreet’s  corps,  and  the  Philadelphia 
brigade  of  Hancock’s  Second  corps  of  the  Federal  army.  On  the  arrival  of  Gen- 
eral Longstreet  at  Gettysburg  for  that  occasion  he  wanted  a quiet  place  to  room.. 
The  town  being  crowded,  such  accommodations  were  scarce.  On  this  account  the 
above  named  clergyman  offered  him  entertainment  and  it  was  accepted.  Dr. 
Swartz  had  previously  written  several  articles  in  regard  to  the  mistakes  that  had 
been  made  by  the  different  generals  in  this  battle,  and  being  anxious  to  gather 
all  the  information  possible,  on  the  subject,  approached  the  General  whenever 
opportunity  afforded. 

To  the  question,  whether  it  was  not  a mistake  that  General  Lee  had  made,  in 
allowing  General  Stuart’s  cavalry  to  get  so  tar  away  from  the  main  body  of  his 
army,  he  replied  in  the  affirmative,  and  added  that  “General  Lee  was  for  some 
days  without  any  information  as  to  what  had  become  of  Stuart,  or  where  the 
Federal  army  was  or  what  it  was  doing.” 

COLONEL  MARSHALL’S  ADDRESS. 

Colonel  Marshall  said  that  all  persons  who  have  read  what  has  been  written  by ' 
prominent  army  officers  cannot  fail  to  have  observed  how  much  the  writers  are 
influenced  in  their  opinions  and  also  their  accounts  of  events  by  after-acquired 
information  of  the  facts.  If  some  of  these  writers  would  put  themselves  in  the 
position  in  which  they  were  when  the  event  occurred,  they  would  not  be  as  in- 
fallible, perhaps,  as  they  now  make  themselves  appear,  but  the  truth  of  history 
would  suffer  less.  Thus  General  Lee’s  conduct  of  the  Gettysburg  campaign  had 
been  misjudged  by  assuming  that  he  knew  what  we  now  know. 

Colonel  Marshall  detailed  the  various  movements  ordered  in  pursuance  of 
General  Lee’s  campaign  and  cites  the  orders  to  General  Stuart  to  hold  the  moun- 
tain passes  of  the  Shenandoah  Valley  with  part  of  his  command,  to  cross  into 
Maryland  with  the  remainder  and  place  himself  on  General  Ewell’s  right  as  he 
moved  northward.  General  Stuart  had  discretion  whether  to  enter  Maryland 
east  or  west  of  Blue  Ridge,  but  “was  instructed  to  lose  no  time  in  placing  his 
command  on  the  right  of  our  column  as  soon  as  he  perceived  that  the  enemy  was 
moving  northward.”  Colonel  Marshall  says  the  movement  of  cavalry,  perhaps, 
had  more  to  do  with  the  events  that  immediately  followed  than  any  other  cir- 
cumstance, and  that  it  cannot  be  questioned  that  a great  error  was  committed  in 
Stuart’s  movements.  His  instructions  to  cover  the  Confederates  as  quickly  as  the 
enemy  moved  northward  were  imperative. 

LEE  FEARED  A SURPRISE. 

Colonel  Marshall  read  substantially  in  full  letters  from  General  Lee  to  General 
Stuart,  General  Ewell  and  others,  expressing  a fear  that  the  enemy  would  steal  a 
march  on  the  Confederates  in  getting  across  the  Potomac  unknown.  General 
Longstreet,  under  whom  Stuart  was,  in  forwarding  Lee’s  letter,  made  the  sug- 


i6 


colonel  Marshall’s  address. 


gestion  to  Stuart  that  he  should  pass  by  the  enemy’s  rear.  “If  he  thinks  he  can 
get  through,”  which  suggestion  was  not  in  conformity  with  General  Lee’s  letter 
and  contemplated  the  entire  detachment  of  the  cavalry  from  the  rest  of  the  army. 
Longstreet’s  suggestion  appears  to  have  been  controlled,  the  speaker  said,  entirely 
by  the  idea  that  Stuart  was  to  cross  the  Potomac  in  such  a way  as  to  conceal  the 
movement  of  the  Confederate  army,  but  entirely  ignored  the  positive  instruction 
to  Stuart  to  place  himself  as  speedily  as  possible,  after  the  enemy  began  to  move 
northward,  upon  General  Ewell’s  right  and  involved  the  evident  danger  that 
SWart  and  Ewell  might  be  separated  by  the  enemy. 

This,  in  Colonel  Marshall’s  opinion,  evidently  was  largely  responsible  for  the 
subsequent  Confederate  disaster.  The  report  of  General  Stuart  on  his  movements 
was  quoted  in  full,  and  his  action  in  crossing  east  of  Hooker’s  army  criticized  as 
contrary  to  repeated  injunctions,  Colonel  Marshall  saying  “General  Stuart  ap- 
pears to  have  thought  that  this  movement  was  intended  to  threaten  Washington. 
He  lost  much  valuable  time  by  attacking  wagon  trains.  The  Federal  army  sep- 
arated him  from  the  Confederate  right,  where  it  was  all  important  that  the  cav- 
alry should  be  as  that  army  moved  northward.”  General  Lee,  the  speaker  said, 
had  the  most  implicit  confidence  in  Stuart’s  vigilance  and  enterprise.  He  had  not 
heard  from  him  since  leaving  Virginia,  and  was  confident  Hooker’s  army  was 
still  in  Virginia,  but  grew  apprehensive  and  thought  it  possible  that  a large  de- 
tachment of  the  Federal  army,  instead  of  moving  northward,  would  proceed  to 
Washington  and  Baltimore  and  go  to  Richmond  by  water,  remarking  that  it 
would  compel  the  immediate  return  of  his  army  to  Virginia.  The  apprehension 
was  due  entirely  to  his  hearing  nothing  from  Stuart  and  determined  him  to  take 
action  that  would  compel  the  enemy  to  leave  Virginia  and  deter  him  from  any 
attempt  on  Richmond. 

ORDERS  TO  EWELL  AND  HILL. 

“On  the  night  of  the  28th  of  June,”  said  Colonel  Marshall*  “I  was  directed  by 
General  Lee  to  order  General  Ewell  to  move  directly  upon  Harrisburg,  and  to 
inform  him  that  General  Longstreet  would  move  the  next  morning  (the  29th)  to 
his  support.  General  A.  P.  Hill  was  directed  to  move  eastward  to  the  Susque- 
hanna and,  crossing  the  river  below  Harrisburg,  seize  the  railroad  between  Har- 
risburg and  Philadelphia,  it  being  supposed  that  such  a movement  would  divert 
all  reinforcements  that  might  otherwise  be  coming  to  General  Hooker  to  the  de- 
fense ,of  that  city,  and  that  there  would  be  such  alarm  created  by  these  move- 
ments that  the  Federal  government  would  be  obliged  to  withdraw  its  army  from 
Virginia  and  abandon  any  plan  that  it  might  have  for  an  attack  upon  Richmond. 
I sent  the  orders  about  10  o’clock  at  night  to  General  Ewell  and  General  Hill  and 
had  just  returned  to  my  tent  when  I was  sent  for  by  the  commanding  general. 
I went  to  his  tent  and  found  him  sitting  with  a man  in  citizen’s  dress,  who,  Gen- 
eral Lee  informed  rne,  was  a scout  of  General  Longstreet’s  who  had  just  been 
brought  to  him. 

“He  told  me  that  this  scout  had  left  the  neighborhood  of  Frederick  that  morn- 
ing and  had  brought  information  that  the  Federal  army  had  crossed  the  Potomac 
moving  northward,  and  that  its  advance  had  reached  Frederick,  and  was  moving 
thence  westward  towards  the  mountains.  The  scout  also  informed  General  Lee 
that  General  Meade  was  then  in  command  of  the  army,  and  also  as  to  the  move- 


colonel  Marshall’s  address. 


7 


ments  of  the  enemy,  which  was  the  first  information  General  Lee  had  received 
since  he  left  Virginia. ' 

“He  considered  it  of  great  importance  that  the  enemy’s  army  should  be  kept 
east  of  the  mountains,  and  consequently  he  determined  to  move  his  own  army  to 
the  east  side  of  the  Blue  Ridge  so  as  to  threaten  Washington  and  Baltimore  and 
detain  the  Federal  force  on  that  side  of  the  mountain  to  protect  those  cities.  He 
directed  me  to  countermand  the  orders  to  General  Ewell  and  General  Hill,  and  to 
order  the  latter  to  move  eastward  on  the  road  through  Cashtown  and  Gettys- 
burg, and  Ewell  to  march  from  Carlisle  so  as  to  form  a junction  with  Hill  either 
at  Cashtown  or  Gettysburg,  as  circumstances  might  direct.  He  ordered  General 
Longstreet  to  prepare  to  move  next  morning,  following  Hill.  The  army  moved 
very  slowly,  and  there  would  have  been  no  difficulty  whatever  in  having  the 
whole  of  it  at  Gettysburg  by  the  morning  of  the  ist  of  July  had  we  been  aware 
of  the  movements  of  the  enemy  on  the  other  side  of  the  mountains. 

FOR  LACK  OF  INFORMATION. 

“You  will  thus  see  that  the  movement  to  Gettysburg  was  the  result  of  the  want 
,of  information,  which  the  cavalry  alone  could  obtain  for  us,  and  that  General  Lee 
was  compelled  to  march  through  the  mountains  from  Chambersburg  eastward 
without  the  slightest  knowledge  of  the  enemy’s  movements  except  ‘that  brought  by 
the  scout.  While  making  this  march  the  only  information  he  possessed  led  him 
to'  believe  that  the  army  of  the  enemy  was  moving  westward  from  Frederick  to 
throw  itself  upon  his  line  of  communication  with  Virginia,  and  the  object  of  the 
movement,  as  I have  stated,  was  simply  to  arrest  this  supposed  plan  of  the  enemy 
and  keep  his  army  on  the  east  side  of  the  Blue  Ridge. 

“It  would  have  been  entirely  within  the  power  of  General  Lee  to  have  met  the 
army  of  the  enemy  while  it  was  stretched  out  on  the  road  between  Frederick  and 
Gettysburg.  It  had  not  been  his  intention  to  deliver  a battle  north  of  the  Potomac 
if  it  could  be  avoided,  except  upon  his  own  terms,  and  yet,  by  reason  of  the 
absence  of  the  cavalry,  his  own  army,  marching  eastward  from  Chambersburg 
and  southward  from  Carlisle,  came  unexpectedly  on  a Federal  advance  on  the  first 
day  of  July,  a considerable  part  of  the  Confederate  army  having  not  yet  reached 
the  field  of  battle. 

“I  do  not  propose  to  enter  into  details  of  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  but  only  to 
show  you  how  that  battle  was  brought  about,  and  how  it  was  fought  on  the  first, 
second  and  third  days  with  troops,  all  of  whom  could  readily  have  been  on  the 
ground  on  the  first  day.  It  has  been  my  object,  also,  to  correct  the  impression  that 
has  prevailed  to  some  extent  that  the  movement  of  the  cavalry  was  made  by  Gen- 
eral Lee’s  orders,  and  that,  at  a critical  moment  of  the  campaign,  he  crossed  the 
Potomac  river  and  moved  into  Pennsylvania,  sending  the  entire  cavalry  force  of 
his  army  upon  a useless  raid.  That  this  is  not  true,  I think  that  the  evidence  I 
have  laid  before  you  abundantly  establishes.  The  suggestions  of  General  Long- 
street  in  communicating  the  order  of  General  Lee  to  General  Stuart  that  the  latter 
should  pass  by  the  enemy’s  rear  need  not  have  led  to  the  results  which  I have 
described. 

STUART  MISTOOK  HIS  PART. 

“You  will  observe  that  General  Longstreet’s  suggestion  to  General  Stuart  was 
qualified  by  saying  that  the  latter  should  go  by  the  enemy’s  rear,  ‘if  he  thinks  he 
may  get  through,’  and  the  first  movement  of  General  Stuart  after  leaving  Salem 


8 


COLONEL  MARSHALL’S  ADDRESS. 


depot  early  in  the  morning  of  the  25th  brought  him  in  conflict  with  General  Han- 
cock’s brigade  near  Haymarket,  and  finding  that  he  could  not  pass  around  the 
rear  of  the  enemy,  the  discretion  so  given  him  by  General  Longstreet  was  at  an 
end,  and  there  was  yet  time  for  General  Stuart  to  retrace  his  steps  and  obey  the 
order  that  he  had  received  from  General  Lee  in  the  letter  of  the  23d  of  June. 
From  the  tenor  of  General  Stuart’s  report  it  would  seem  that  he  entirely  mistook 
the  part  that  he  was  expected  to  take  in  the  movement  of  the  army.  He  placed 
himself  east  of  the  Federal  army,  with  that  army  between  his  command  and  the 
Confederate  force.  He  left  General  Lee  without  any  information  as  to  the  move- 
ment of  the  enemy  from  the  time  he  crossed  the  Potomac  river  until  the  2nd  of 
July.  By  his  silence,  as  I have  described,  he  caused  General  Lee  to  move  his 
army  to  Gettysburg,  not  with  the  expectation  or  purpose  of  fighting  the  enemy, 
but  simply  to  prevent  a movement  which  he  supposed  the  enemy  was  making 
to  obstruct  his  line  of  communication  with  Virginia,  and  caused  him  to  fight  the 
battle  of  Gettysburg  without  having  his  whole  force  present  except  on  the  third 
day,  when  it  was  equally  possible,  had  General  Lee  been  informed  of  what  the 
enemy  was  doing,  for  him  to  have  fought  that  battle  with  his  entire  force  while 
the  enemy’s  forces  were  approaching  Gettysburg.” 

I give  my  readers  the  benefit  of  Colonel  Marshall’s  address,  because  it  de- 
scribes so  fully  the  movements  of  the  Confederate  army  from  the  time  it  left 
Virginia  to  invade  Pennsylvania,  and  even  assigns  the  reasons  why  the  battle 
was  brought  on  at  Gettysburg. 

Few  tourists  thoroughly  understand  why  the  battle  was  fought  here,  and  how 
it  began,  progressed,  and  ended.  The  Southern  army  came  from  the  west,  and 
north.  It  had  eight  or  ten  days  start  of  the  Federal  army.  The  Blue  Ridge, 
called  the  Southern  Range  of  mountains,  separated  the  two  armies  until  the 
former  changed  its  front  at  Chambersburg  and  moved  by  the  Chambersburg 
pike  towards  Gettysburg. 

Hill’s  corps  was  halted  on  the  east  side  of  the  Blue  Ridge,  at  Cashtown,  yet 
eight  miles  from  Gettysburg,  in  order  to  concentrate  the  troops,  for  the  Confed- 
erate army  covered  the  country  from  the  Potomac,  through  the  Cumberland 
Valley  to  a point  almost  in  sight  of  Harrisburg,  a distance  of  more  than  a hun-' 
dred  miles. 

Colonel  Marshall’s  address  explains  why  the  Confederate  army  was  moved  in 
that  direction,  threatening  Harrisburg  and  possibly  Philadelphia.  He  also  ex- 
plains how  Stuart’s  cavalry  became  separated  from  the  main  body  of  Lee’s  army, 
and  got  to  Westminster,  twenty-five  miles  east  of  Gettysburg,  and  within  one 
mile  of  being  half  way  to  Baltimore.  The  Federal  army  in  crossing  the  Potomac 
in  pursuit  of  Lee,  crossed  beyond  Frederick,  at  what  is  known  as  Point  of  Rocks, 
and  between  there  and  Washington,  which  must  be  protected.  The  cavalry  was 
in  the  advance.  Buford  covered  the  Southern  Range.  Kilpatrick  moved  from 
Frederick  to  Taneytown,  thence  to  Littlestown  and  Hanover.  While  he  was  at 
Littlestown,  Stuart’s  Confederate  cavalry  was  at  Westminster,  only  fourteen  miles 
away.  General  Gregg’s  cavalry  which  was  covering  Washington  entered  West- 
minster on  the  east  side  as  the  Confederate  cavalry  was  leaving  on  the  west  side. 
This  caused  the  latter  to  move  more  rapidly  northward,  and  when  reaching  Han- 
over, Pa.,  Kilpatrick’s  cavalry  was  just  passing  out  of  the  east  end  of  it  in  pur- 
suit of  the  raiders  under  Early  who  had  reached  Gettysburg  on  the  26th  of  June, 
making  demands  for  all  such  things  as  might  be  needed  for  their  comfort,  such  as 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG — FIRST  DAY. 


19 


shoes,  clothing,  beef,  pork  and  money.  At  York  he  demanded  of  the  citizens,  one 
hundred  and  twenty-five  thousand  dollars  in  cash,  .or  the  city  would  be  burned. 
The  citizens  became  alarmed  and  raised  twenty-five  thousand  dollars  in  money, 
and  gave  their  bond  for  the  balance,  which  I suppose  is  still  held  against  the  city. 

Kilpatrick  was  intercepted  by  Stuart  at  Hanover,  which  brought  on  a combat 
there.  That  left  the  latter  through  between  the  former  and  Buford,  who  reached 
Gettysburg  on  the  evening  of  the  last  of  June,  enabling  Stuart  to  concentrate 
with  Ewell  again  in  the  direction  of  Harrisburg.  This  will  enable  the  reader  to 
easily  understand  why  Colonel  Marshall  says  that  Lee  was  left,  without  any  in- 
formation from  Stuart’s  cavalry  up  to  July  2,  to  make  his  way  as  best  he  could 
eastward  through  the  mountains  in  the  direction  of  Gettysburg.  There  was  noth- 
ing to  prevent  him  from  coming  right  into  Gettysburg,  had  he  not  halted  at  Cash- 
town  to  concentrate  his  forces. 

FIRST  DAY’S  BATTLE. 

Buford  had  deployed  skirmishes  on  the  roads  leading  west  and  north  of  town, 
when  they  discovered  the  enemy  on  the  first  of  July,  advancing  on  the  Cham- 
bersburg  pike.  The  first  gun  was  fired  from  the  farm  that  Samuel  Lohr  owned, 
just  beyond  Marsh  Creek,  by  the  Confederates.  It  was  aimed  at  Buford’s  cav- 
alry that  was  guarding  the  pike  as  far  as  Lottsville.  When  it  was  discovered 
that  the  Confederate  army  was  in  front  of  them  in  a body,  they  fell  back  and  re- 
ported to  Buford,  who  immediately  dispatched  to  General  Reynolds,  who  com- 
manded the  left  wing  of  the  First,  Third  and  Eleventh  Corps,  and  had  reached 
Marsh  Creek  at  a distance  of  four  miles  south  of  Gettysburg.  He  ordered  up 
the  troops  under  his  command,  while  he  himself  came  on  to  meet  Buford.  The 
two  selected  the  ground  west  of  the  town  on  which  to  fight  the  battle,  with  the 
idea  of  saving  the  town. 

Reynolds  then  dispatched  to  his  troops  to  leave  the  Emmittsburg  road  and 
cut  across  the  country.  The  order  was  obeyed,  the  troops  leaving  the  road  at 
the  Codori  buildings  and  passing  over  the  seminary  ridge.  Buford  had  been 
anxiously  watching  the  advance  of  the  Confederates,  and  fearing  they  would 
get  possession  of  more  of  the  ground  west  of.  him,  he  dismounted  some  of  his 
cavalry  and  placed  them  into  position  on  what  is  known  as  the  McPherson 
Ridge.  This  act  checked  the  enemy’s  advance  on  what  is  known  as  the  Herr 
Ridge.  Davis’  brigade,  which  was  in  the  advance,  took  position  on  the  north 
side  of  the  Chambersburg  pike,  and  advanced  on  the  dismounted  cavalrymen. 
Cutler’s  brigade,  of  Reynolds’  corps,  reached  the  field  just  in  time  to  relieve 
Buford’s  men,  and  secure  possession  of  the  McPherson  Ridge.  The  Fifty-sixth 
Pennsylvania  Regiment  claims  the  opening  of  the  battle,  Cutler’s  Union  brigade, 
of  which  it  formed  a part,  being  pitted  against  Davis’  Confederate  brigade. 

General  Reynolds  now  discovered  that  the  enemy  was  forming  on  the  south 
side  of  the  Chambersburg  pike.  It  proved  to  be  Archer’s  brigade  and  Reynolds 
easily  could  see  that  if  they  advanced  into  the  woods  west  of  Willoughby  Run, 
that  they  had  but  a short  distance  to  the  woods  that  skirted  the  east  bank  of 
the  run,  which  might  po.ssibly  result  in  the  cutting  off  of  the  troops  that  he  had 
already  stationed  north  of  the  Chambersburg  pike. 

When  General  Doubleday  arrived  on  the  field,  General  Reynolds  rode  to  meet 


20 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG — FIRST  DAY. 


him  and  ordered  him  to  get  another  brigade  and  place  them  in  the  woods  that 
were  then  owned  by  the  McPherson  family,  now  owned  by  the  Governnment. 
This  is  the  woods  that  a few  minutes  later  General  Reynolds  was  killed  in.  Some 
years  ago  when  General  Doubleday  was  here  with  Count  de  Paris  and  other  dis- 
tinguished gentlemen,  he  was  asked  the  question  in  my  presence,  near  the  spot 
that  is  marked  where  he  fell,  whether  he  knew  anything  in  regards  to  the  killing 
of  Reynolds..  He  remarked  that  he  did  not,  and  that  the  last  words  that  he  had 
spoken  to  him  were  said  in  the  open  field  just  east  of  the  woods,  and  as  he  was 
coming  over  the  ridge  to  enter  the  woods  with  General  Meredith’s  brigade  the 
news  came  to  him  that  General  Reynolds  was  killed,  and  that  he  knew  nothing 
as  to  how  it  was  done.  General  Meredith’s  brigade  was  advanced  westward 
through  the  woods  and  became  engaged  with  Archer’s  Confederate  brigade  and 
succeeded  in  capturing  a large  portion  of  the  Confederates,  as  they  were  crossing 
Willoughby  Run  to  enter  the  same  woods.  General  Lane’s  Confederate  brigade 
extended  the  line  southward  in  the  direction  of  the  Hagerstown  road.  This  re- 
quired the  Federal  army  to  extend  their  line  farther  south,  which  was  done  by 
placing  Biddle’s  brigade  on  the  left  of  Meredith’s.  This  is  the  extreme  left  of 
the  Federal  troops  that  were  engaged  during  the  first  day.  General  Stone’s 
brigade  in  reaching  the  field  was  sent  to  fill  the  vacant  space  between  Meredith’s 
and  Cutler’s  brigade  west  and  north  of  the  McPherson  buildings.  No  other 
ground  on  the  Battlefield  of  Gettysburg  was  more  hotly  contested  for  than  that 
fought  over  by  those  four  brigades.  It  was  held  from  ten  o’clock  a.  m.,  until 
three  or  half  past  three  in  the  afternoon,  with  continuous  fighting  and  heavy 
losses  on  both  sides. 

The  Second  Division,  commanded  by  General  John  C.  Robinson,  composed 
of  two  brigades,  reached  the  field  about  noon  and  went  into  position  on  the  right 
of  Wadsworth’s  division  which  extended  the  line  to  the  Mummasburg  road.  These 
troops  became  engaged  with  Maj.  Geri.  Robt.  E.  Rode’s  division,  composed  of 
Daniels,’  Iverson’s,  Doles’,  Ramseur’s,  and  O’Neill’s  brigades  of  General  Richard 
E.  Ewell’s  Second  Corps  of  the  Confederate  army,  that  had  passed  through  the 
Cumberland  Valley,  west  of  the  Blue  Ridge,  in  the  direction  of  Harrisburg,  and 
had  been  ordered  back  by  General  Lee  to  concentrate  with  General  Hill’s  Third 
Corps,  north-west  of  Gettysburg,  on  what  is  called  Oak  Hill,  which  was  very 
near  the  right 'of  Robinson’s  division  of  the  First  Corps  at  the  Mummasburg 
road.  At  this  point  there' was  desperate  and  deadly  struggling  for  two  hours  or 
more,  resulting  in  heavy  losses  on  both  sides.  Iverson’s  North  Carolina  brigade 
was  captured 'in  the  field  in  front  of  the  Eighty-eighth  Pennsylvania  and  the 
Eighty-third  New  York  Regiments,  while  trying  to  dislodge  them  from  their 
position.  The  -right  of  Robinson’s  division  on  the  extreme  right  lost  heavily. 
The  Ninetieth  Pennsylvania  Regiment  in  trying  to  prevent  Rode’s  men  from 
passing  on  their  -right  between  them  and  the  Eleventh  Corps,  lost  ninety-three  of 
their  men.  The- Sixteenth  Maine,  which  claims  to  have  been  sent  to  their  support, 
went  into  the  engagement  with  twenty-five  officers  and  two  hundred  and  fifty  men, 
and  lost  them- all  but' forty-three.  Tourists  can  readily  see  that  this  was  a diffi- 
cult-point to  hold  with  the  open  space  that  was  between  them  and  the  Eleventh 
Corps. 

No-  corps  bn  the  battlefield  lost  heavier  than  the  First.  Its  losses  at  Gettys- 
burg were  six  thousand  and  twenty-five.  Near  their  right  is  now  erected  an 
observatory  for  the  benefit  of  vititors,  which  gives  them  a beautiful  view  of 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG— FIRST  DAY. 


21 


Gettysburg,  and  surrounding  country,  extending  along  the  entire  line  of  the 
First  and  Eleventh  Corps  on  the  First  Day.  Cemetery  Heights,  Culp’s  Hill  and 
Zeigler’s  Grove,  which  were  the  rallying  points  for  the  First  and  Eleventh  Corps 
after  falling  back  on  the  first  day.  It  affords  a view  of  both  Union  and  Con- 
federate lines  on  the  Second  and  Third  Days’  fight.  No  point  on  the  battlefield 
is  more  susceptible.  Tourists  from  this  point  can  readily  understand  why  Gen- 
eral Lee  did  not  attack  the  Federal  army  on  the  morning  of  the  second  from  the 
west  and  north  as  he  did  on  the  First  day. 

The  Eleventh  Corps  on  their  arrival  pn  the  First  Day  was  prevented  from 
joining  the  First  Corps  line  on  the  right  and  was  formed  due  north  of  the  town 
with  their  right  resting  on  the  banks  of  Rock  Creek,  and  is  now  called  Barlow's 
Knoll.  General  Barlow  commanded  the  division  which  occupied  the  extreme 
right  of  the  line  on  the  first  day.  This  portion  of  the  line  was  attacked  by  Gor- 
don’s brigade  of  Early’s  division  of  Ewell’s  Corps.  Hayes’,  Hokes’  and  Smith’s 
brigades  coming  in  more  from  the  north-east  side — and  an  enfilading  fire  from 
Jones’  battery  compelled  the  Eleventh  Corps  to  abandon  their  position  and  get 
back  through  the  town  as  best  they  could.  General  Barlow  was  severely  wounded 
during  the  engagement  and  left  on  the  field  to  die.  His  wife  was  with  the 
army  but  on  reaching  Gettysburg  remained  in  the  town  during  the  engagement 
and  on  the  retreating  of  the  Eleventh  Corps  she  learned  of  her  husband  being 
wounded  and  left  on  the  field  to  die.  With  a flag  of  truce  and  the  assistance 
of  General  Gordon — as  the  story  is  now  told — she  made  her  way  out  through  the 
Confederate  lines,  found  him,  and  moved  him  from  the  field  to  the  Benner 
House  along  the  Harrisburg  road,  near  Rock  Creek,  where  she  cared  for  him, 
saved  his  life,  and  he  lived  quite  a number  of  years  after  the  war. 

The  result  of  the  First  Day’s  battle  may  be  briefly  summed  up  as  follows: 
The  odds  were  greatly  against  the  Union  forces  in  numbers  engaged  in  the  con- 
flict. The  Federals  ended  the  day  dispirited,  driven  from  their  position  and  al- 
most discouraged  by  the  panic.  The  Confederates  were  in  a condition  of  exult- 
ing excitement  and  seemed  eager  to  follow  up  their  success,  but  General  Lee 
discovered  Union  troops  on  Cemetery  Hill,  which  would  naturally  lead  him  to 
believe  that  there  might  be  something  beyond  those  heights  that  he  could  not  see 
— possibly  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  there  in  force.  Gen.  Howard  on  reaching 
Gettysburg  rode  to  Cemetery  Hill  for  the  purpose  of  taking  observations,  and 
finding  it  a good  strategic  point,  detached  Steinwehr’s  division  composed  of  two 
brigades  of  his  corps  and  ordered  them  to  form  on  the  heights.  These  were 
the  troops  General  Lee  saw  and  which  caused  him  to  order  his  troops  not  to 
advance  any  farther  after  they  got  possession  of  the  town.  This  gave  Gen. 
Howard,  who  had  charge  of  the  field  at  this  time,  a chance  to  rally  his  dispirited 
troops  around  Steinwehr’s  division,  extend  his  line  around  over  the  north-eastern 
slope  of  Cemetery  Heights,  with  the  right  of  his  Eleventh  corps  resting  near 
the  base  of  Culp’s  Hili,  and  to  extend  his  left  southward  along  through  what  is 
now  the  National  Cemetery  to  Zeigler’s  Grove. 

It  was  between  three  and  four  o’clock  when  the  whole  Confederate  line  ad- 
vanced to  the  'final  attack  on  their  right.  When  the  First  corps  became  heavily 
pressed  and  its  right  and  left  uncovered,  General  Doubleday  gave  the  order  for 
them  to  fall  back  to  Cemetery  Hill,  which  was  affected  in  comparatively  good 
order  by  having  the  rear  covered  by  the  Seventh  Wisconsin,  which  when  neces- 
sary, turned  and  checked  pursuit.  Colonel  Wainwright,  mistaking  the  order. 


22 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG FIRST  DAY. 


clung  with  his  Artillery  to  Seminary  Hill  until  seeing  the  Infantry  retreating  to 
the  town,  he  moved  his  batteries  down  the  Cashtown  pike  until  lapped  on  both 
sides  by  the  enemy’s  skirmishers,  at  close  range,  they  were  compelled  to  abandon 
one  gun  on  the  road,  all  its  horses  being  killed.  The  Eleventh  corps  also  left 
a disabled  gun  on  the  field.  Many  of  the  troops — principally  the  Eleventh  corps 
— in  retreating  through  the  town  became  confused  in  the  streets,  lost  their  way, 
and  were  captured.  Those  who  reached  Cemetery  Hill  found  Steinwehr’s  divi- 
sion in  position,  protected  by  stone  fences  on  the  slopes.  As  they  arrived  they 
were  formed,  the  Eleventh  corps  on  the  right.  As  the  batteries  came  up  they 
were  placed  in  position  by  Colonels  Wainwright  and  Osborn.  Soon  a formidable 
array  of  Artillery  was  ready  to  cover  with  its  fire  all  the  approaches.  Buford 
assembled  his  command  on  the  plain  west  of  Cemetery  Hill,  covering  the  left 
flank  and  presenting  a firm  front  to  any  attempt  at  pursuit.  The  First  Corps 
found  a small  reinforcement  awaiting  it  in  the  Seventh  Indiana,  part  of  the 
train  escort  which  brought  up  nearly  five  hundred  fresh  men.  General  Wads- 
worth met  and  led  them  to  Culp’s  Hill,  where  under  the  direction  of  Captain 
Pattison  of  that  regiment  a defensive  line  was  marked  out.  Their  brigade  (Cut- 
ler’s) soon  joined  them.  Wood  and  stones  being  plentiful,  embankments  were 
thrown  up  and  soon  the  right  was  solidly  established. 

General  Hancock,  whose  person  was  well  known,  arrived  under  orders  from 
General  Meade  to  assume  command.  His  presence  inspired  confidence  and  it 
implied  also  the  near  approach  of  his  Army  Corps.  He  ordered  Wadsworth  at 
once  to  Culp’s  Hill  to  secure  that  important  position.  Aided  by  Howard  and 
Warren  who  had  just  arrived  from  headquarters,  a well  flanked  line  was  soon 
formed;  Robinson’s  division  to  the  left  at  Zeigler’s  Grove;  Doubleday’s  division 
to  the  south-east  end  of  the  Citizens’  Cemetery,  held  in  reserve.  Right  here,  it 
might  be  said,  the  battle  was  irretrievably  lost  to  the  Confederacy.  Delays  are 
dangerous.  They  should  have  followed  up  their  success  on  the  afternoon  of  the 
First  Day,  instead  of  giving  the  dispirited  troops  time  to  rally  and  build  earth- 
works during  the  evening  and  night  of  the  First,  thereby  making  their  lines  al- 
most impregnable.  The  arrival  of  the  Second,  Third  and  Twelfth  Corps  on  the 
field  meant  a change  of  front  for  the  Confederates  on  the  morning  of  the  Sec- 
ond. or  a sacrifice  of  lives. 

SECOND  DAY’S  BATTLES. 

General  Lee  in  taking  observations  on  the  morning  of  the  Second,  could 
readily  see  tha£  all  preparations  had  been  made  by  the  Federal  troops  to  be  at- 
tacked from  the  west  and  north  as  they  were  on  the  first  day.  The  First  Corps 
of  the  Confederate  army  commanded  by  General  Longstreet,  reached  the  field 
during  the  night  with  Hood’s  and  McLaw’s  divisions.  General  Lee’s  plans  now 
were  for  Longstreet  to  move  his  two  divisions  southward  and  attack  the  left 
wing  of  the  Federal  army  and  Johnson’s  division  of  Ewell’s  Corps  to  attack  on 
the  Federal  right.  This  'would  have  doubled  up  the  Federal  troops  and  brought 
the  Confederates  up  in  the  rear  of  the  Federal’s  well-fortified  position  on  Cem- 
etery Heights.  Had  they  succeeded,  this  would  have  given  Longstreet  possession 
of  Round  Top,  which  is  now  termed  the  key  to  the  Union  position.  It  certainly 
would  have  been  a disaster  to  the  Federal  troops,  to  have  the  Confederates  get 
possession  of  the  hill,  but  a portion  of  the  Third  Corps  had  reached  the  field  and 
in  the  establishing  of  the  Federal  lines  on  the  morning  of  July  Second,  General 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG — SECOND  DAY. 


23 


Sickles  was  ordered  to  go  on  the  left  of  General  Hancock’s  Second  Corps  and 
•extend  the  line  southward.  The  ground  selected  by  General  Sickles  was  what 
is  called  the  Peach-orchard  line,  with  his  right  resting  along  the  Emmittsburg 
road  northward;  his  left  from  the  Peach-orchard  turned  towards  the  Round  Top. 
The  last  two  brigades  reached  the  field  about  ten  o’clock  in  the  morning  of  the 
Second,  led  by  General  Graham.  He  is  my  authority  for  saying — Had  they  been 
•one  hour  later,  they  could  not  have  reached  the  field  on  that  road,  as  the  advance 
of  Longstreet’s  troops  of  the  Confederate  army  were  within  one  mile  of  them 
then.  Had  it  not  been  for  the  timber  in  front  of  Longstreet’s  troops  and  the 
raised  ground  on  the  Confederate  left,  they  could  have  seen  each  other  pass 
along. 

The  advanced  position  of  General  Sickles  at  the  Peach  Orchard  required  the 
Confederates  to  move  farther  south,  crossing  the  road  that  the  Federal  troops 
came  in  on  not  over  thirty  minutes  before.  This  no  doubt  delayed  the  Confeder- 
ates, as  it  was  nearly  four  o’clock  in  the  afternoon  when  the  move  was  made  to 
seize  the  Round  Top  Heights.  This  brought  on  one  of  the  hottest  conflicts  of 
the  battle  during  the  three  days.  The  brigades  of  Law,  Robertson,  Benning  and 
Anderson;  Hood’s  Division  formed  fhe  attacking  column.  Crossing  the  Em- 
mittsburg road  south  of  the  orchard,  these  four  brigades  moved  towards  the 
wheatfield  and  Devil’s  Den.  They  moved  in  the  following  order,  Law  on  the 
right  followed  by  Benning;  Robertson  on  the  left  followed  by  Anderson.  After 
the  Emmittsburg  road  was  crossed  this  order  was  changed  by  orders  from  Hood; 
Law  was  directed  more  to  the  right,  and  penetrated  the  gorge  between  the  Den 
and  Big  Rouijd  Top ; Robertson  endeavored  to  follow  this  move  and  became  en- 
gaged with  Ward’s  brigade  that  was  defending  the  hill  of  the  Den.  Two  of 
Robertson’s  regiments  followed  Law.  Benning  adhered  to  the  original  direc- 
tion; supported  Robertson  whilst  Anderson  on  the  left  attacked  DeTrobiand  in 
the  wheatfield.  Had  it  not  been  for  General  Warren,  who  was  connected  with 
the  Engineer  Corps  and  whose  military  sagacity  led  him  to  the  spot  on  Little 
Round  Top  (where  his  bronze  statue  now  stands,  eight  feet,  two  inches  high) 
where  he  discovered  the  movement  of  the  Confederates  as  they  were  about  to 
pass  the  left  of  the  Third  Corps  line,  they  would  have  gotten  possession  of  Little 
Round  Top.  General  Warren  saw  that  there  was  but  little  time  to  spare.  He 
mounted  his  horse  and  rode  down  the  northern  slope  of  the  hill  in  pursuit  of 
troops.  He  encountered  the- First  division  of  the  Fifth  Corps,  which  had  been 
ordered  by  General  Meade  in  that  direction,  and  on  his  own  responsibility  he 
detached  Vincent’s  Brigade  and  ordered  them  to  take  possession  of  the  Little 
Round  Top.  Tilton’s  and  Sweitzer’s  Brigades  moved  across  Plum  Run  to  the 
Wheat  Field  in  support  of  DeTrobiand’s  Brigade  of  Sickle’s  Corps.  At  the 
same  time  two  of  Burling’s  regiments,  with  one  of  DeTrobiand’s,  were  sent 
more  to  the  left  towards  Devil’s  Den  to  cover  Smith’s  Battery;  General  Sykes 
pushed  forward  Tilton’s  and  Sweitzer’s  Brigades;  Sweitzer  took  position  on  the 
right  of  DeTrobiand,  his  left  flank  facing  south,  the  rest  of  the  line  facing  west. 
Tilton  is  formed  on  the  right  of  Sweitzer.  This  point  is  now  called  the  “Loop:’ 
During  the  execution  of  these  movements  the  brigade  of  Kershaw  moved  for- 
ward and  attacked  Sweitzer,  but  the  latter  having  the  advantage  of  position, 
made  a stubborn  resistance.  Kershaw  turned  against  Tilton’s  Brigade  which 
was  more  exposed  and  compelled  it  to  fall  back  toward  the  Round  Top  road. 
Its  retreat  was  followed  by  that  of  Sweitzer.  The  troops  of  the  Third  Corps  on 


24 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG SECOND  DAY. 


the  left  were  once  more  compromised.  All  the  Fifth  Corps  were  then  directed 
toward  this  point. 

The  reader’s  attention  will  now  be  called  to  Little  Round  Top.  General  War- 
ren was  afraid  Vincent’s  Brigade  would  not  gain  the  summit  in  time  to  defend  it. 
He  could  plainly  see  Law’s  soldiers  advancing  toward  this  most  important  posi- 
tion. He  directed  the  officers  of  the  Signal  Corps  to  hold  their  position  and 
wave  their  flags  in  spite  of  the  enemy’s  fire.  Leaving  the  summit,  Warren  de- 
scended the  northern  slope  of  the  hill  and  met  Weed’s  Brigade  which  was 
moving  toward  the  Wheat  Field.  The  first  regiment  encountered  by  Warren 
was  the  140th  New  York,  commanded  by  Colonel  O’Rorke.  Having  once  been 
a subordinate  of  Warren,  he  did  not  hesitate,  a moment  in  responding  to  his 
urgent  demands.  O’Rorke  caused  his  troops  to  directly  ascend  the  acclivities 
of  Little  Round  Top.  In  the  meantime  Vincent  had  reached  the  southern  por- 
tion of  Little  Round  Top,  and  formed  his  line  with  the  16th  Michigan  on  the 
right;  44th  New  York  and  83rd  Pennsylvania  in  the  center  and  the  20th  Maine 
on  the  left.  These  troops  took  position  in  the  nick  of  time.  A few  moments 
more  of  delay  would  have  given  the  Confederates  possession  of  the  key  to  dis- 
lodge the  entire  Union  Army.  They  rushed  gallantly  to  the  attack  and  so  des- 
perate was  the  first  onslaught  and  Gen.  Law  by  extending  his  left  outflanked 
Vincent’s  brigade  and  caused  the  16th  Michigan  to  fall  back.  At  this  very 
moment,  the  140th  New  York  Regiment  arrived  on  the  summit.  O’Rorke  pushed 
this  regiment  forward.  The  arrival  of  this  body  of  troops  imparted  new  vigor  to 
Vincent’s  soldiers.  Hazlett’s  battery  had  scaled  Little  Round  Top  with  the 
140th  New  York.  It  was  by  the  most  strenuous  efforts  that.  the.  guns  were 
hauled  to  the  summit.  Horses  could  not  be  used  owing  to  the  presence  of  nu- 
merous large  boulders.  The  guns  were  hauled  to  the  summit  by  hand.  The 
presence  of  this  battery  encouraged  the  Union  infantry.  The  Confederates  were 
driven  back.  Little  Round  Top  was  safe  for  the  present.  But  the  140th  New 
York  had  lost  its  colonel  and  more  than  one  hundred  men.  A number  of  of- 
ficers were  wounded.  Weed  and  Hazlett  were  mortally  wounded  and  carried 
back  to  Jacob  Weikert’s  farm,  where  they  died.  Hazlett  was  buried  at  the 
east  end  of  the  garden.  Vincent  was  mortally  wounded  and  carried  to  Lewis 
Bushman’s,  east  of  Round  Top,  and  died  on  the  7th  of  July.  The.  Confederate 
losses  were  very  heavy,  the  mo$t  serious  one  being  that  of  Hood  who  was 
wounded  in  the  arm. 

On  the  west  side  of  Plum  Run  the  brigades  of  Tilton  and  Sweitzer  lest  the 
positions  gained  by  them  and  Ward  and  DeTrobiand  in  their  turn  were  com- 
pelled to  give  ground  Ward  could  no  longer  resist  Benning.  Smith  sur- 
rendered three  guns  and  with  great  difficulty  saved  the  three  remaining  in  his 
possession.  The  entire  hill  of  Devil’s  Den  was  abandoned  by  the  Union  troops. 
The  Confederates  pushing  forward  take  the  17th  Maine  in  flank  and  moving  to 
the  Wheat  Field  forced  Winslow  to  draw  his  guns  to  the  rear,  and  menace  De- 
Trobiand’s  weak  line.  Anderson  directed  an  attack  on  the  front  of  this  bri- 
gade and  being  outflanked  on  the  right  by  Kershaw,  who  had  driven  back  Tilton 
'and  Sweitzer,  DeTrobiand  was  now  forced  to  give  ground.  His  brigade  was 
reduced  to  a handful  of  men.  The  troops  on  his  right  near  the  “Orchard”  could 
afford  him  no  assistance  for  they  were  seriously  threatened  by  Kershaw’s  left. 
Moreover  the  Union  troops  at  the  Peach  Orchard  had  long  been  exposed  to  z 
heavy  artillery  fire  from  Longstreet’s  batteries.  The  8th  South  Carolina  form- 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG SECOND  DAY. 


25 


ing  the  left  of  Kershaw’s  Brigade,  bravely  advanced  against  the  guns  of  Clark’s 
and  Bigelow’s  batteries.  Just  as  it  approached,  the  141st  Pennsylvania  regiment, 
which  was  hidden  in  a sunken  road,  rose  suddenly  and  stopped  it  by  a murder- 
ous fire.  Notwithstanding  this  success,  the  Unionists  withdrew  their  artillery 
across  the  sunken  road  leading  from  Peach  Orchard  to  Round  Top,  thereby 
further  uncovering  DeTrobiand’s  right  flank. 

Meade  had  detached  Caldwell’s  strong  division  from  the  Second  Corps  and  it 
arrived  in  time  to  relieve  the  remnants  of  Birney’s  and  Barnes’  divisions.  Cald- 
well’s division  consisted  of  four  brigades,  viz : Zook’s,  Cross’,  Kelly’s,  and 
Brooke’s.  Cross  supported  DeTrobiand;  while  Kelly’s  Irish  Brigade  rushed  into 
the  Wheat  Field  and  encountered  Anderson’s  Brigade  checking  its  advance.  In 
the  meantime  Birney  had  rallied  a portion  of  DeTrobiand’s  and  Burling’s  sol- 
diers and  uniting  with  Cross,  charged  upon  Kershaw  who  could  not  sustain  this 
attack.  His  troops  were  driven  back  upon  Semmes,  who  had  followed  Kershaw. 
This  brigade  advanced  boldly  against  Cross’  and  Kelly’s  Brigades,  but  it  met 
Zook’s  and  Brooke’s  Brigades  that  Caldwell  had  ordered  to  advance.  Kershaw 
and  Semmes  were  forced  back  toward  the  “Rose  House.”  Brooke  leading  his 
Brigade  across  the  “Wheat  Field”  entered  the  wood  on  the  southwest  side  and 
moving  throug.li  the  same  encountered  the  Confederates  who  had  made  a stand 
behind  a stone  fence.  The  advance  of  Brooke’s  soldiers  was  checked  and  falling 
back  to  the  wood  took  position  along  a ledge  of  rocks.  Brooke  called  for  re- 
inforcements but  not  receiving  them,  gave  the  order  to  fall  back  to  the  “Wheat 
Field.”  During  the  time  Brooke  was  holding  the  wood  the  enemy  was  distant 
scarcely  ten  rods. 

Reinforcements  to  the  Unionists  arrive  about  this  time  in  front  of  Little  Round 
Top.  General  Sykes  ere  this  has  ordered  Ayres’  Division,  (Fifth  Corps)  towards 
this  point.  This  division  consisted  of  three  brigades  commanded  by  Day,  Bur- 
bank and  Weed.  The  brigade  of  Weed  preceding  the  other  two  had  been  turned 
aside  at  a pressing  call  from  Sickles  and  was  moving  toward  the  “Wheat  Field’' 
when  Warren  encountered  O’Rorke  and  his  regiment.  Sykes  learning  that 
O’Rorke  had  been  moved  to  Little  Round  Top,  directed  Weed  to  take  the  same 
position  which  was  done.  Weed  took  a position  on  the  right  of  Vincent’s  Bri- 
gade then  commanded  by  Colonel  Rice.  Coloned  Chamberlain  had  placed  a por- 
tion of  the  20th  Maine  en  potence  above  the  defile  which  separated  Big  and 
Little  Round  Tops.7  It  was  against  this  very  point  that  Law’s  Alabamians  di- 
rected their  most  vigorous  efforts.  The  Confederates  attempted  to  outflank  the 
Unionists  by  moving  through  the  defile  and  ascending  the  south-eastern  slope 
of  Little  Round  Top.  They  were  met  by  the  20th  Maine  which  gallantly  dis- 
puted their  advance.  Chamberlain  by  extending  his  left,  repulsed  the  Confed- 
erates and  outflanking  them  in  turn,  captured  more  prisoners  than  his  own  regi- 
ment numbered. 

The  battle  now  assumed  greater  dimensions.  Meade  had  ordered  all  the  troops 
at  his  disposal  to  take  position  on  Lis  left.  The  Sixth  Corps  had  arrived  near 
Rock  Creek  Bridge,  having  completed  a forced  march  of  thirty-five  miles  since 
8:30  p.  m.,  July  1st.  This  corps  relieved  the  Fifth  'in  "this  position.  Meade  had 
called  upon  Slocum  for  troops  and  Williams’  division  had  moved  from  the  banks 
of  Rock  Creek  over  the  same  route  taken  by  the  Fifth  Corps,  which  was  in  the 
advance,  and  already  engaged.  Shortly  afterward  Geary  was  ordered  to  move 


2 6 BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG — SECOND  DAY. 

to  the  left  with  Kane’s  and  Candy’s  Brigades.  Greene’s  Brigade  was  left  alone 
to  cover  the  front  lately  occupied  by  the  Twelfth  Corps. 

Again  we  turn  our  attention  toward  the  Devil’s  Den  and  the  Wheat  Field. 
Hood’s  division  was  exhausted.  Roberston  and  all  the  superior  officers  of  his 
brigade  had  been  wounded.  Benning  could  not  go  beyond  the  summit  of  Devil’s 
Den.  But  ere  this,  Devil’s  Den  had  become  a hot-bed  of  Confederate  sharp- 
shooters and  the  effect  of  their  fire  upon  Little  Round  Top  was  so  deadly  that 
the  gunners  of  Hazlett’s  battery,  being  rapidly  decimated,  abandoned  the  guns 
and  sought  the  cover  of  the  numerous  large  bowlders.  It  was  during  this  sharp- 
shooters’ fire  that  Weed,  Hazlett  and  Vincent  received  their  mortal  wounds.  The 
only  way  the  Confederate  sharp-shooters’  fire  was  partially  silenced  was  by  send- 
ing some  of  Berdan’s  sharp-shooters  to  Big  Round  Top.  This  point  being  much 
more  elevated  than  the  Devil’s  Den,  Berdan’s  men  had  a great  advantage  and 
the  Confederate  sharp-shooters  were  compelled  to  keep  under  cover,  thereby 
slackening  their  fire  against  Little  Round  Top.  The  gunners  of  Hazlett’s  battery 
again  worked  their  guns  and  threw  quite  a number  of  shells  in  the  vicinity  of  the 
Den.  Quite  a number  of  dead  Confederate  sharp-shooters  were  found  there  when 
the  battle  was  over. 

It  was  then  about  6 p.  m.  McLaws  seeing  Semmes  and  Kershaw  driven  back 
decided  to  attack  the  Orchard,  Graham  was  holding  that  position  with  two 
brigades,  but  the  nature  of  the  ground  afforded  no  protection  whatever.  His  line 
was  in  the  shape  of  an  angle  and  had  been  exposed  to  the  fire  of  Longstreet’s 
Artillery  for  about  one  hour.  This  artillery  had  slackened  its  fire  and  the  in- 
fantry moved  forward  to  the  attack.  Barksdale  advanced  against  that  portion  of 
the  Union  line  at  the  Sherfy  House.  Wofford  who  was  in  the  rear  of  Barksdale’s 
right  moved  forward  and  then  by  a half-wheel  to  the  left  advanced  to  attack  that 
portion  facing  south.  Graham  was  completely  wrapped  in  a vortex  of  fire;  his 
troops  rapidly  fell  around  him.  A regular  battery  came  to  relieve  Ames’  New 
York  battery  at  the  point  most  exposed;  Randolph’s  battery  had  done  some  ex- 
cellent work ; the  Union  guns  were  firing  canister  into  the  advancing  Confeder- 
ates. Nevertheless  they  penetrated  the  Orchard  and  took  possession  of  it.  Gra- 
ham was  wounded  and  captured ; his  soldiers  shared  the  same  fate  or  were  forced 
to  retreat.  Sickles  hastened  from  the  Trostle  House  but  was  wounded  and  com- 
pelled to  place  Birnev  in  command.  The  batteries  along  the  Emmittsburg  road 
were  withdrawn.  Those  on  the  left  continued  to  fire  at  short  range,  drawing  the 
guns  back  after  each  discharge.  Barksdale,  followed  by  several  batteries,  rushed 
into  the  open  breach  between  Humphrey’s  left  and  Barnes’  right. 

On  the  right  of  Barksdale,  Wofford  following  Barksdale’s  success,  bore  east- 
ward to  take  in  flank  the  Union  regiments  that  were  holding  Kershaw  in  check. 
In  the  centre,  Anderson’s  division  (the  reader  must  not  confound  Anderson’s 
division  of  Hill’s  Corps  with  Anderson’s  Brigade  of  Hood’s  division)  composed 
of  Wilcox’s,  Perry’s  and  Wright’s  brigades,  was  moved  against  Humphreys,  who 
was  occupying  the  Emmittsburg  road  in  the  vicinity  of  the  Rodgers  and  the 
Smith  house.  Wilcox  was  on  the  right  and  moved  forward  to  attack  that  portion 
of  the  Emmittsburg  road  occupied  by  Humphreys.  The  other  two  were  on  his 
'left.  Humphreys  had  •‘but  two  brigades  with  him.  His  left  was -turned,  his  right 
poorly  connected  with  Hancock’s  Corps  and  was  covered  by  two  regiments  of 
Harrow’s  Brigade;  and  three  strong  brigades  of  the  enemy  were  advancing  to 
attack  him.  Birney  ordered  him  to  fall  back,  keep  his  left  from  participating  in 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG — SECOND  DAY. 


2 7 


the  movement,  and  bring  his  right  back  to  the  Second  Corps.  The  trial  was  a 
hard  one;  he  had  left  one-half  his  effective  force  on  the  field.  The  regiments  of 
the  Second  Corps  commanded  by  Colonel  Devereux  that  covered  his  right  had 
great  difficulty  in  falling  back  in  order.  The  loss  of  the  Orchard  was  as  fatal  to 
Barnes  as  to  Humphreys.  Barnes’  two  brigades  with  that  of  Zook,  were  holding 
the  ground  recently  captured  from  Kershaw.  It  is  the  hillock  east  of  the  Orchard 
and  west  of  the  Wheat  Field.  It  was  against  these  three  brigades  that  Wofford, 
after  the  capture  of  the  Orchard,  moved  with  all  the  dash  that  success  had  given 
to  his  soldiers.  Wofford’s  attack  was  supported  by  Kershaw  and  Semmes,  as 
these  two  officers  had  rallied  their  soldiers.  Barnes’  two  brigades  were  driven 
back ; Caldwell’s  soldiers  were  taken  on  their  right  flank  and  Hood’s  troops 
menaced  their -left,  and  in  their  turn  were  forced  to  give  ground,  evacuating  the 
wood  and  the  Wheat  Field. 

The  Confederates  advanced  and  took  possession  of  the  wood;  their  artillery 
descended  from  the  Orchard  and  took  the  Unionists  in  flank.  Brooke  charged 
the  Confederates  but  in  vain.  He  was  repulsed  and  severely  wounded  but  did  not 
relinquish  his  command.  The  losses  were  very  heavy.  Zook,  Cross,  Merwin, 
Chapman  and  Jeffards  were  either  killed  or  mortally  wounded.  The  Wheat  Field 
well  deserves  the  name,  “Whirpool  of  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg.”  The  Union 
line  was  broken  and  all  the  forces  which  had  been  holding  Longstreet  on  the  left 
were  unable  to  reform  it.  Of  the  eight  brigades  which  Longstreet  had  brought 
into  action,  six  had  made  desperate  attacks  against  these  Union  troops  and  com- 
pelled them  to  retreat  to  the  east  side  of  Plum  Run.  Kershaw  and  Semmes 
were  exhausted  and  halted  in  the  wood  from  which  Barnes  and  DeTrobiand  had 
been  driven.  Only  two  Confederate  brigades  had  crossed  the  Round  Top  road. 
Wofford  on  the  left  pushed  forward  to  support  Barksdale’s  right.  Anderson, 
who  had  just  been  wounded,  occupied  the  wood  beyond  the  road,  brought  several 
Union  guns  which  he  had  captured  and  tried  to  cross  Plum  Run  unsuccessfully. 

Sickles  having  been  wounded,  Meade  now  placed  Hancock  in  command  of  the 
Third  Corps.  This  General  was  endeavoring  to  unite  the  two  portions  of  the 
Union  line.  Humphreys  had  completed  the  movement  spoken  of  heretofore. 
Most  of  the  cannon  attached  to  his  division  had  lost  nearly  all  their  horses  and 
had  been  abandoned  in  the  plot  of  ground  back  of  which  he  had  posted  his 
troops.  They  remained  within  the  circle  of  his  fire  and  were  a tempting  prize  to 
the  enemy.  Bigelow's  battery,  which  was  entirely  without  support,  took  position 
in  front  of  the  Trostle  house  and  directed  a heavy  fire  of  canister  upon  the  Con- 
federates who  were  closing  in  from  every  quarter  against  it.  This  battery  lost 
eighty  horses,  four  guns  out  of  six.  and  three  out  of  four  officers  were  killed  or 
wounded,  but  it  had  succeeded  in  delaying  the  advance  of  the  enemy  on  the  left. 
All  this  bravery  and  sacrifice  would  have  been  useless  had  not  the  Unionists  been 
firmly  established  on  Little  Round  Top,  the  all-important  point  on  their  left. 
The  brigades  of  Day  and  Burbank  .(U.  S.  Regulars)  of  Ayres*  division  had 
crossed  Plum  Run  and  moved  toward  the  crest  of  Devil’s  Den  and  united  with 
a portion  of  Ward’s  soldiers.  The  retreat  of  Barnes  and  Caldwell  already  men- 
tioned uncovered  Ayres’  right  flank  and  thus  left  the  Regulars  in  advance  of  the 
rest  of  the  Union  line.  The  Regulars  once  more  displayed  their  usual  gallantry; 
attacked  on  three  sides  by  Hood’s  and  McLaws’  troops,  they  forced  a passage 
through  their  oblique  fires.  This  was  not  completed  without  loss.  The  Regulars, 
however,  were  compelled  to  fall  back  to  the  east  side  of  Plum  Run  and  took 


28 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG — SECOND  DAY. 


position  on  the  right  of  Weed’s  Brigade.  The  Regulars  in  the  move  lost  nine 
hundred  men  out  of  two  thousand. 

At  that  time  General  Crawford  brought  McCandless  (Pennsylvania  Reserves) 
to  Little  Round  Top  to  assist  Weed’s  and  Vincent’s  men  to  drive  the  Confeder- 
ates to  the  west  side  of  Plum  Run.  The  other  brigade  of  Crawford’s  division 
arrived  and  was  commanded  by  Fisher.  Crawford  placed  McCandless  on  the 
right  of  Barnes,  and  Fisher  on  his  left,  thereby  forming  a solid  line  on  the 
western  slope  of  the  hill  which  the  Regulars  extended  across  the  Round  Top 
road.  Barksdale  and  Wofford  threatened  to  separate  this  stronghold  from  the 
rest  of  the  Union  Army.  These  two  brigades  had  lost  but  very  little  and  pushing 
rapidly  forward  drove  before  them  soldiers  of  all  corps  over  an  open  space  of 
ground,  secured  to  the  Confederate  artillery  good  positions.  Five  of  Alexander’s 
batteries  followed  the  Confederate  infantry  and  began  to  fire  upon  Humphreys’ 
small  division. 

McGilvery’s  Artillery  Brigade  arrived  and  took  a position  along  the  east  bank 
of  Plum  Run  and  north  of  the  Round  Top  road.  This  brigade  filled  one-half  the 
breach  in  Hancock’s  line  which  was  opened  when  Caldwell’s  division  was  ordered 
to  the  Wheat  Field  and  commanded  a front  of  about  six  hundred  yards  and  could 
cross  its  fire  with  the  fire  of  Hancock’s  batteries.  It  effectually  protected  the 
remnants  of  the  three  divisions  that  Longstreet  had  driven  back  to  the  east  side 
of  Plum  Run.  Meade  hastened  forward.  The  troops  which  he  had  summoned 
from  the  left  were  in  motion.  Williams’  division  was  on  the  cross  road  which 
connects  the  Baltimore  and  Taneytown  roads ; this  division  was  closely  followed 
by  Candy’s  Brigade  (Geary’s  division)  but  Kane  moved  too  far  to  the  left  and 
did  not  reach  the  field  of  action  but  came  to  a halt  beyond  Rock  Creek.  General 
Lockwood  had  gone  in  advance  of  Williams  and  furnished  a valuable  support  to 
McGilvery’s  Artillery. 

On  another  road  more  to  the  south,  Eustis’,  Nevin’s  and  Bartlett’s  Brigades  of 
the  Sixth  Corps  forwarded  by  Sedgwick  were  moving  towards  Little  Round  Top. 
Meade  called  upon  Newton,  who  had  command  of  the  First  Corps,  for  re- 
inforcements to  support  Humphreys.  At  that  moment  by  a simultaneous  attack 
at  all  points  the  Confederates  would  have  stood  a good  chance  of  success.  The 
three  brigades  of  Anderson’s,  encouraged  by  the  sight  of  some  useless  guns, 
thought  victory  was  won  and  boldly  advanced  against  Humphreys.  They  moved 
by  the  left  and  became  separated  from  Barksdale,  whose  objective  point  was  the 
breach  Willard  was  endeavoring  to  close.  Passing  through  a strip  of  wooded 
land  they  came  in  sight  of  the  abandoned  guns.  Perry’s  Florida  Brigade  came  to 
a halt  near  these  guns  and  did  not  recover  their  dash.  Anderson’s  line,  then  re- 
duced to  two  brigades,  extended  it  in  order  to  form  a junction  with  McLaws, 
thereby  weakening  his  line  at  the  very  time  it  should  be  the  strongest.  One  of 
Wilcox’s  regiments  boldly  moved  against  Humphreys  and  was  met  by  eight  small 
companies  of  the  First  Minnesota  which  Hancock  had  ordered  to  move  forward. 
The  Confederate  regiment  was  checked  but  the  gallant  soldiers  of  the  First 
Minnesota  were  sacrificed.  At  one  time  they  were  almost  surrounded.  The  loss 
of  the  eight  companies  was  215  men  out  of  a total  of  262.  Willard’s  Brigade 
without  support  lost  heavily,  himself  among  the  slain. 

More  to  the  left  two  Maryland  regiments  penetrated  the  woods  south  of  the 
Trostle  house  and  attacked  Anderson’s  Brigade.  The  150th  New  York  charged 
beyond  the  Trostle  house  and  brought  back  two  of  Bigelow’s  guns.  McCandless 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG— SECOND  DAY. 


29 


(Pennsylvania  Reserves)  supported  and  connected  them  with  the  Fifth  Corps. 
The  three  brigades  of  the  Sixth  Corps  had  arrived  and  strengthened  the  line  ex- 
tending from  Little  Round  Top  to  McGilvery’s  Artillery.  The  20th  Maine  as- 
cended Big  Round  Top  and  captured  a few  Confederate  skirmishers  who  were 
already  there  reconnoitring.  Fisher’s  Brigade  was  also  sent  to  this  hill.  The 
Sixth  Corps  with  the  exception  of  the  three  brigades  sent  to  support  the  Twelfth 
was  east  of  the  Round  Tops  in  reserve.  Williams’  division  which  had  moved 
from  Culp’s  Hill,  was  massing  in  the  rear  of  McGilvery’s  batteries.  Newton  had 
brought  Doubleday’s  division  with  a portion  of  Robinson’s  to  the  weak  part  of 
the  Union  line  between  Cemetery  Hill  and  the  Round  Tops.  Barksdale,  already 
wounded,  dashed  gallantly  forward  and  fell  mortally  wounded;  his  soldiers  were 
repulsed  and  he  was  taken  prisoner.  The  remainder  of  McLaws  troops  were  not 
able  to  renew  the  attack.  To  the  left  of  McLaws,  the  brigade  of  Wilcox  followed 
by  that  of  Perry,  was  the  first  of  Anderson’s  division  to  make  the  attack.  On 
the  left  of  Wilcox,  Wright  receiving  the  fire  of  several  guns,  rushed  forward  and 
captured  them;  but  Webb’s  Brigade  charged  forward  and  disputed  their  posses- 
sion. Wright’s  soldiers  fought  with  desperate  valor,  but  in  a very  short  time 
lost  nearly  two-thirds  of  their  men.  Wilcox  lost  five  hundred  of  the  fifteen  hun- 
dred men  of  his  brigade.  The  Confederate  attack  against  the  left  wing  of  the 
Union  Army  had  failed.  The  line  which  was  taken  by  Sickles  along  the  Emmitts- 
burg  road  to  the  Orchard  and  from  there  to  the  Wheat  Field  and  Devil’s  Den 
was  lost.  The  enemy  occupied  this  same  ground.  One  thing  had  been  accom- 
plished by  this  move  of  Sickles  and  that  was : the  advance  of  the  Confederates 
was  checked  for  a few  hours,  thereby  giving  the  Sixth  Corps  time  to  get  nearer 
the  field  of  action.  The  reader  will  please  bear  in  mind  the  fact,  the  Sixth  Corps 
was  in  Manchester,  Md.,  thirty-five  miles  away,  at  8:30  p.  m.,  July  1st. 

THE  ATTACK  ON  CEMETERY  HILL  AND  CULP’S  HILL. 

The  position  of  Cemetery  Hill  was  fortified  with  a line  of*  Union  artillery. 
Two  brigades  of  the  Eleventh  Corps  were  at  the  foot  of  the  hill  posted  along  a 
stone  fence.  The  Union  line  extended  from  this  hill  across  a depression  of 
ground  to  Culp’s  Hill.  Here  Wadsworth  with  the  remnants  of  two  brigades  of 
the  First  Corps  was  holding  an  intrenchment  on  the  western  slope.  On  the  east- 
ern slope,  Greene’s  Brigade  (Twelfth  Corps)  was  in  position  behind  an  intrench- 
ment. The  reader  will  remember  that  this  hill  had  lately  been  stripped  of  a 
portion  of  its  defenders — five  brigades  had  been  sent  to  the  left.  The  line  of  in- 
trenchments  extend*  across  Culp’s  Hill  to  Spangler’s  spring.  The  attack  on 
Cemetery  and  Culp’s  Hills  was  supported  by  six  Confederate  batteries  posted  on 
Benner’s  Hill.  The  Union  artillery  on  Cemetery  Hill  replied  to  their  fire.  The 
Confederate  guns  were  unprotected  and  great  damage  was  done  them.  Under 
cover  of  this  cannonade,  Hay’s  Louisiana  Brigade,  supported  by  Hoke’s  North 
Carolina  Brigade,  advanced  from  the  east  side  of  the  town  toward  Cemetery 
Hill.  They  encountered  the  two  brigades  of  the  Eleventh  Corps,  who  were  at 
the  base  of  the  hill.  These  troops  had  not  recovered  from  their  retreat  of  the 
previous  day ; they  soon  gave  way  and  retreated  to  the  summit  of  the  hill,  beyond 
the  guns,  closely  followed  by  the  enemy.  The  gunners  could  not  depress  the 
muzzles  of  their  guns  enough  to  rake  the  advancing  Confederates,  as  they  were 
under  cover  of  the  hill.  Consequently  they  gained  the  summit,  captured  Wied- 
rich’s  guns  and  spiked  two  guns  of  Rickett’s  Battery.  The  artillerymen  stood 


30 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG — SECOND  DAY. 


their  ground  and  defended  their  guns  as  best  they  could.  Gun-rammers,  hand- 
spikes and  stones  were  used  in  the  hand-to-hand  struggle  which  took  place.  The 
artillerymen  had  been  ordered  not  to  limber  up  their  guns  under  any  circum- 
stances whatever,  but  defend  this  position  at  all  hazards.  Among  the  deeds  of 
gallantry  displayed  here  those  of  color-sergeant  Geible  and  Adjutant  Young  are 
very  conspicuous.  Geible  rushed  forward  and  mounted  the  stone  wall  waving 
his  flag  in  the  faces  of  the  advancing  Confederates.  He  was  shot,  the  flag  fall- 
ing over  the  wall  next  the  Confederates.  Young,  seeing  that  the  flag  was  about 
to  fall  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy,  hestitated  not  a moment  but  sprang  over  the 
wall  and  secured  the  flag.  At  that  juncture  the  color-sergeant  of  the  7th 
Louisiana  rushed  forward  Young  perceived  his  movement,  shot  him  and  secured 
his  colors  and  was  about  to  recross  the  wall  when  he  too  was  shot,  and  fell 
against  the  wall,  and  was  saved  from  being  pierced  with  a Confederate  bayonet 
by  Lieut.  Suhrer,  who  turned  it  aside  by  a stroke  of  his  saber.  Young  was  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  captaincy  for  his  bravery. 

The  Unionists  were  reinforced  by  Carroll’s  Brigade  (Second  Corps)  and  the 
enemy  was  forced  to  retreat.  On  the  retreat  they  were  enfiladed  by  a heavy 
artillery  fire  from  Stevens’  Battery  which  was  in  position  on  the  western  slope 
of  Culp’s  Hill.  They  were  also  exposed  to  volleys  of  musketry  which  was  de- 
livered by  the  33d  Massachusetts  regiment,  which  lay  to  the  left  of  Stevens' 
Battery.  The  farther  the  enemy  retreated  towards  the  town  the  more  exposed 
they  became  to  the  fire  of  the  guns  on  Cemetery  Hill.  The  Confederates  in  this 
move  lost  more  men  on  the  retreat  than  on  the  charge.  Hays’  Brigade  lost  332; 
Hoke’s  Brigade  lost  345.  It  was  about  sun-down  when  this  attack  was  made  and 
the  struggle  lasted  more  than  an  hour. 

When  the  guns  on  Benner’s  Hill  opened  on  the  Union  lines,  which  was  about 
six  o’clock  in  the  evening,  Johnson  was  preparing  to  attack  Culp’s  Hill,  which  is 
the  extreme  right  of  the  Union  Army.  The  eastern  slope  of  this  hill  was  de- 
fended by  one  brigade  only;  the  remainder  of  the  Twelfth  Corps  had  been 
ordered  to  the  left.  General  Greene  commanded  this  brigade  but  could  not  de- 
fend the  entire  line  of  intrenchments  which  had  been  constructed.  Johnson 
formed  his  division  in  two  lines  of  battle.  The  brigade  of  Jones  was  on  the 
right,  followed  by  Nichols:  Stuart  was  on  the  left  near  the  stone  house  known 
as  the  Tawney  House,  and  was  followed  by  Walker.  The  Confederates  began 
to  advance.  Stuart  drove  back  the  Union  skirmishers  and  carried  that  portion  of 
the  intrenchments  south  of  the  ravine.  Greene  perceived  that  his  right  flank  was 
turned  and  prolonged  his  left  westward  and  posted  his  right  on  the  other  side  of 
the  ravine  which  extends  in  a southerly  direction.  By  that  move  his  troops  had 
a point  of  support  and  in  a measure  covered  the  approaches  to  the  Baltimore  pike. 
Stuart  and  Walker  moved  forward,  reached  the  stone  wall  and  took  possession 
of  the  entire  southern  portion  of  the  wooded  plateau  which  extends  to  the  very 
wood  in  which  Greene’s  right  was  resting. 

The  approaching  darkness  rendered  the  Confederates  more  cautious  and  being 
ignorant  of  the  proximity  of  the  Baltimore  pike  and  the  ammunition  wagons  just 
beyond,  the  brigades  of  Stuart  and  Walker  remained  in  the  intrenchments  which 
they  had  occupied  and  fired  useless  volleys  of  musketry;  Jones,  supported  by 
Nichols,  advanced  against  Greene’s  left.  The  Unionists  were  inferior  in  number 
but  the  intrenchments  occupied  by  them  crown  a wall  of  rocks.  In  this  strong 
position  they  awaited  the  approach  of  the  enemy.  The  latter  in  ascending  the 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG THIRD  DAY. 


31 

slopes  of  Culp’s  Hill  could  not  keep  in  ranks  among  the  rocks  and  trees.  Their 
most  determined  efforts  to  gain  the  summit  were  useless.  They  were  received 
by  a well  sustained  fire  of  musketry  and  lost  heavily.  Jones  was  wounded; 
Nichols  came  to  relieve  him.  Greene  had  been  reinforced  by  one  brigade  of  the 
Eleventh  Corps.  Wadsworth,  who  occupied  the  west  slope  of  the  hill,  extended 
his  right  to  support  Greene.  Kane  returned  in  time  from  his  fruitless  march 
over  the  Baltimore  pike  to  check  Stuart’s  advance  skirmishers.  Nichols’  assault 
was  repul’sed;  the  determined  efforts  of  the  Confederates  had  failed.  The  con- 
flict ceased  about  ten  p.  m.  During  the  night  of  the  2nd,  Ewell  reinforced  John- 
son with  one  of  Early’s  divisions  and  two  of  Rhodes’.  This  addition  gave  John- 
son seven  brigades  with  which  to  renew  the  attack  the  following  morning. 

The  four  brigades  of  the  Twelfth  Corps  returned  from  the  Union  left  and 
reached  the  Baltimore  pike  about  eleven  o’clock  at  night  (July  2nd),  but  dis- 
covering the  fact  that  the  enemy  was  in  possession  of  the  intrenchments  held  by 
them  prior  to  their  departure  for  the  left,  came  to  a halt.  Kane’s  Brigade  joined 
that  of  Greene.  Williams’  division,  increased  to  three  brigades  by  the  arrival  of 
Lockwood,  was  ready  to  dispute  with  Johnson  the  intrenchments  in  which  he  had 
planted  himself  without  striking  a blow.  The  Sixth  Corps  supplied  reserves  to 
portions  of  the  Uinon  line  which  required  them.  Shaler’s  and  Neill’s  Brigades 
were  sent  to  the  extreme  right  along  the  east  side  of  Rock  Creek.  The  entire 
Union  line  was  strengthened  as  much  as  possible.' 

THIRD  DAY’S  BATTLES. 

As  i ion  as  daylight  dawned  on  the  3d,  the  Unionists  began  to  assume  the 
offensive.  Williams,  who  had  been  placed  in  command  of  the  Twelfth  Corps, 
opened  a heavy  artillery  fire  from  batteries  on  Powers’  and  McAllister’s  Hills 
which  swept  the  front  of  the  wooded  plateau  occupied  by  Johnson.  Ruger,  then 
commanding  Williams’  division,  menaced  the  Confederate  left,  while  Geary 
struck  with  his  left  that  portion  of  the  intrenchments  occupied  by  the  enemy.  At 
the  end  of  a quarter  of  an  hour  the  Union  batteries  ceased  their  fire  and  allowed 
the  infantry  to  advance.  Johnson  anticipated  them  and  counter-charged.  The 
Confederates  were  formed  in  three  lines.  The  shock  was  terrific.  The  batteries 
of  Meade’s  reserve  that  had  not  been  sent  to  the  left,  concentrated  their  fire  upon 
the  positions  occupied  by  the  Confederates.  Lockwood  moved  to  the  assistance 
of  Geary.  The  Confederates  had  no  artillery  with  which  to  reply  to  the  Union 
guns. 

The  combat  at  times  languished  but  was  soon  renewed.  Johnson  alone  sus- 
tained the  brunt  of  the  struggle  which  was  a desperate  one.  Nichols  and  Jones 
on  his  right  maintained  their  positions.  The  morning  was  waning.  The  Con- 
federates made  one  last  desperate  effort  to  break  the  right  of  Geary  so  as  to  reach 
the  Baltimore  pike.  Geary  had  been  reinforced  by  Shaler’s  Brigade  and  was 
ready  to  receive  them.  Stuart  attempted  to  outflank  this  line  but  in  the  attempt 
was  exposed  to  a heavy  fire  of  musketry  delivered  by  Ruger’s  skirmishers  on  the 
left  flank  while  engaging  Geary  in  the  front.  The  Unionists  now  made  the  final 
move.  Ruger  advanced  against  the  Confederate  left ; Geary  against  the  front. 
They  could  not  stand  this  combined  movement,  but  were  forced  from  the  in- 
trenchments down  the  slope  of  the  hill  to  the  bed  of  Rock  Creek,  losing  three 
stands  of  colors  and  about  seventeen  hundred  men  killed,  wounded,  captured  or 
missing.  The  fight  lasted  about  seven  hours.  The  2nd  Massachusetts  and  27th 


32 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG THIRD  DAY. 


Indiana  Regiments  lost  heavily  in  the  Spangler  Meadow  east  of  the  spring  which 
bears  the  same  name.  From  this  spring  both  Union  and  Confederate  soldiers 
secured  water  during  the  night  of  the  2nd. 

PICKETT’S  CHARGE. 

Then  came  the  trying  time  for  that  proud  army  of  Northern  Virginia  which 
had  been  so  victorious  in  many  of  the  preceding  battles,  to  know  wnat#  to  do  on 
the  third  day  that  they  might  again  be  successful.  Their  loss  was  comparatively 
small  so  far,  and  feeling  sure  that  the  Federal  army  had  been  seriously  weakened 
on  the  first  and  second  days  might  fairly  hope  that  another  day’s  fighting  would 
complete  his  success  and  give  undisputed  possession  of  the  wealthiest  Northern 
state j.  Perhaps  no  hours  of  deeper  gloom  were  ever  passed  in  the  North  than 
the  hours  of  that  Summer  evening  of  the  second,  when  the  telegraph  flashed  over 
the  country  the  news  of  Lee’s  success.  The  lavish  sacrifice  of  blood  and  treasure 
seemed  in  vain.  A million  of  men  were  in  arms  to  defend  the  Union,  and  yet  the 
northward  progress  of  the  enemy  could  not  be  withstood.  Should  Lee  be  vic- 
torious on  the  morrow,  the  most  hopeful  must  despond. 

The  day  on  which  so  much  of  the  destiny  of  America  hung,  opened  bright, 
warm,  and  still.  The  morning  was  occupied  by  Lee  in  preparations  for  a crush- 
ing attack  upon  l4ie  centre  of  the  Federal  position ; by  Meade,  in  carefully 
strengthening  his  power  of  resistance  at  the  point  where  he  was  to  win  or  to  lose 
this  decisive  battle.  About  noon,  all  being  completed,  over  both  armies  there  fell 
a marvelous  stillness — the  silence  of  anxious  and  awful  expectation.  It  was 
broken  by  a solitary  cannon-shot,  and  the  shriek  of  a Whitworth  shell  as  it 
rushed  through  the  air  about  one  o’clock  of  the  afternoon  of  the  third  as  a signal 
for  the  one  hundred  and  forty  guns  placed  on  the  Seminary  Ridge  by  the  Con- 
federates, to  open  fire  against  the  Federal  troops  commanded  by  General  Han- 
cock, consisting  of 

The  First  Corps  under  the  command  of  Newton, 

The  Second  Corps  under  the  command  of  Gibbon, 

The  Third  Corps  under  the  command  of  Birney, 

The  Eleventh  Corps  under  the  command  of  Howard. 

The  aim  of  the  artillery  fire  was  to  break  the  Northern  lines  and  prepare  the 
•way  for  Pickett’s  charge.  The  convex  form  of  the  Northern  line  did  not  give 
them  as  much  space  as  that  occupied  by  the  Southern  troops.  General  Hunt, 
in  command  of  the  Union  artillery,  promptly  stationed  eighty  guns  along  the 
crest — as  many  as  could  be  used  advantageously.  In  responding  to  the  Confed- 
erate batteries  the  artillery  suffered  greatly  during  the  two  hours  that  the  can- 
nonade lasted.  Eleven  ammunition  wagons  exploded.  When  the  smoke  of  these 
explosions  cleared,  the  shouts  of  joy  from  the  Southern  soldiers  could  be  heard 
for  miles  along  the  line.  At  three  o’clock  in  the  afternoon  General  Hunt  ordered 
a cessation  of  fire  in  order  to  cool  the  guns,  and  reserve  ammunition  for  the 
struggle  which  seemed  imminent.  This  cessation  of  fire  naturally  gave  the 
Southerners  the  idea  that  they  had  silenced  the  Northern  batteries,  and  Pickett 
at  once  moved  forward  in  order  to  break  the  Union  line  and  occupy  the  crest. 
The  attack  was  so  important,  so  sudden,  and  so  contrary  to  the  provisions  of 
Longstreet  that  when  Pickett  demanded  an  order  to  advance,  Longstreet  gave 
no  reply;  then  Pickett  said  haughtily,  “I  shall  go  forward,  sir:”  The  other 
forces  on  his  right  and  left  were  to  move  up  and  enlarge  the  opening  thus  made 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG — THIRD  DAY. 


33 


in  such  a way  that  finally  the  two  wings  of  the  Union  army  would  be  completely 
wedged  apart  so  permanently  and  effectually  that  they  would  disperse  in  all 
directions.  It  is  supposed  that  this  grand  column  of  attack  numbered  from  fif- 
teen to  eighteen  thousand  men.  The  distance  to  be  traversed  by  Pickett’s  colfimn 
was  one  mile  or  more  from  the  woods  where  they  started  to  the  crest,  which  was 
his  objective  point.  During  the  time  which  it  necessarily  took  to  organize  this 
column,  Hunt  wisely  took  the  opportunity  to  withdraw  the  disabled  batteries  and 
replace  them  by  others  from  the  reserve  artillery.  He  also  replenished  the  boxes 
of  ammunition,  and  held  himself  ready  to  receive  Pickett’s  column,  first  with 
solid  shot,  followed  by  bombshells,  and  finally  when  close  at  hand  explode  boxes 
of  grape  and  canister. 

While  crossing  the  open  plain  the  Southerners  suffered  cruelly  from  this 
artillery.  From  the  very  start  the  direction  of  their  march  appeared  to  be  toward 
the  Doubleday  division,  but  when  they  were  within  500  yards  of  it,  Pickett  halted 
and  changed  the  direction  for  an  oblique  of  almost  forty-five  degrees ; the  attack 
thus  struck  Gibbon’s  division,  which  was  on  the  right  of  Doubleday.  Wilcox  and 
Perry,  who  formed  the  right  flank  of  Pickett,  did  not  follow  his  oblique  move- 
ment, but  kept  on  straight  to  the  front  in  such  a manner  that  soon  there  was  a 
vast  interval  between  their  troops  and  the  main  body,  thus  leaving  Pickett’s  right 
completely  unguarded.  The  Southerners  came  on  magnificently;  as  soon  as  the 
shot  and  shell  tore  through  their  lines,  they  closed  up  the  gaps,  and  pushed  on. 
When  they  were  nearing  the  stone  wall  the  canister  began  to  make  frightful  gaps 
in  their  ranks.  They  also  suffered  severely  from  a battery  posted  on  the  summit  of 
Little  Round  Top,  which  pierced  their  lines.  The  attack  of  Pickett  struck  Hays’ 
Brigade  and  the  Second  Corps  in  front  of  the  main  line.  Then  the  musketry  be- 
came so  deadly  that  Pettigrew’s  men  began  to  hesitate  on  the  left  and  fall  behind. 
Before  the  Southerners  could  reach  the  second  fence  and  stone  wall  they  were 
obliged  to  pass  under  the  fire  of  a half  brigade  commanded  by  Col.  Thomas  B. 
Gates,  of  the  20th  New  York  State  Militia  and  a Vermont  brigade  under  General 
Stannard,  both  belonging  to  the  corps  of  Doubleday.  When  the  rigjit  of  Pickett 
became  exposed  by  the  divergent  movement  of  Wilcox’s  command,  Stannard 
seized  the  opportunity  to  make  a flank  attack,  and  while  his  regiment  on  the  left, 
the  Fourteenth,  was  making  a terrible  fire,  he  changed  front  with  his  two  other 
regiments,  the  Thirteenth  and  Sixteenth,  and  thus  brought  them  in  a line  per- 
pendicular to  the  Southern  troops,  and  the  brigade  of  Kemper  found  itself  re- 
pulsed and  driven  toward  the  centre  in  order  to  avoid  the  energetic  and  deadly 
attack  of  Stannard.  They  were  followed  by  Gates’  command  who  continued 
firing  with  close  ranks.  This  resulted  in  the  surrender  of  many;  others  forced 
to  retreat. 

Meantime  the  brigade  of  Armistead,  joined  with  that  of  Garnett,  charged  on 
Hays’  Brigade  of  the  Second  Corps  and  forced  them  back  from  their  advanced 
position  against  the  stone  wall  just  as  the  batteries  of  the  crest  arrived.  Al- 
though Webb’s  front  was  the  centre  of  the  concentrated  fife  of  the  artillery,  and 
had  already  lost  fifty  men  and  several  brilliant  officers,  their  line  remained  firm 
and  impenetrable.  It  devolved  upon  Webb  to  meet  the  great  charge  which  was 
to  decide  the  fate  of  the  day.  For  that  unforseen  circumstance  it  would  have 
been  difficult  to  find  a man  better  fitted.  He  was  nerved  to  great  deeds  by  the 
memory  of  his  ancestors  who  had  formerly  rendered  distinguished  services  to  the 
Republic,  and  he  felt  the  results  of  the  whole  war  might  depend  upon  his  holding 


v 


34  BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG — THIRD  DAY.. 

of  the  position.  His  men  were  equally  determined.  Cushing’s  Battery  A,  4th 
United  States  Artillery,  which  had  been  posted  on  the  crest,  and  Brown’s  Rhode 
Island  Battery  on  his  left,  were  completely  destroyed  by  the  cannonade.  The 
horses  were  killed,  the  officers,  with  the  exception  of  one  only,  were  struck  with 
fragments  of  shell,  and  Cushing  had  but  one  serviceable  gun  left.  When  Pickett’s 
advance  came  very  near  the  line  young  Cushing,  wounded  in  both  thighs,  ran  his 
last  serviceable  gun  down  towards  the  fence  and  cried,  “Webb,  I will  give  them 
one  more  shot!”  at  that,  the  last  discharge,  he  called  out,  “Good  bye!”  and  fell 
dead  at  his  post  of  duty.  Webb  sent  new  batteries  to  replace  the  two  disabled 
ones.  General  Armistead,  seeing  Cushing  fall  beside  his  gun,  hung  his  hat  upon 
his  sabre  and  waved  it,  saying,  “Boys,  we  must  give  them  the  cold  steel,  who  will 
follow?”  He,  with  a number  of  his  men,  crossed  the  stone  wall  and  reached  the 
guns,  and  the  battery  was  for  a few  moments  in  his  possession,  and  the  Southern 
flag  floated  triumphantly  in  the  Union  lines.  But  Webb  was  very  near  and  facing 
Armistead  and  encouraging  his  men  he  led  the  Seventy-second  Regiment  of 
Pennsylvania  against  Pickett.  They  at  once  became  engaged  in  a hand-to-hand 
conflict,  and  succeeded  in  mortally  wounding  Armistead ; killing  and  capturing 
nearly  all  of  the  Confederates  that  had  crossed  the  stone  wall,  and  penetrated 
the  Union  lines.  A party  of  the  Seventy-first  Pennsylvania,  behind  a stone  wall 
on  the  right,  made  a very  murderous  fire  at  the  flank,  while  a party  of  the  Sixty- 
ninth  made  an  energetic  resistance  at  the  left  from  behind  a clump  of  trees  near 
the  spot  where  the  Southerners  had  broken  the  Union  line,  and  where  the 
Northern  men  were  fighting  with  the  Southern  muskets  touching  their  breasts. 

At  this  moment  two  regiments  conducted  by  Colonel  Hall  made  a splendid 
charge  and  passed  completely  across  Webb’s  line  to  engage  with  the  Southerners 
in  a hand-to-hand  conflict.  Armistead  was  mortally  wounded  near  a cannon 
which  he  had  taken.  It  is  said  that  when  dying  his  last  words,  which  were  ad- 
dressed to  one  of  our  officers,  were,  “Tell  Hancock  I have  wronged  him  and  have 
wronged  my  country.”  Gibbon  and  Webb  were  both  wounded,  and  the  loss  of 
officers  and  men  was  very  considerable.  Two  Southern  brigadier  generals  were 
killed,  and  the-  number  of  prisoners  was  double  the  number  of  Webb’s  Brigade. 
Six  battle  flags  and  1,463  muskets  were  also  tq,ken. 

When  Pickett  looked  around  him  and  saw  that  it  was  impossible  for  him  to 
hold  the  position,  as  he  was  surrounded  by  Northern  soldiers — saw  his  men  sur- 
render in  a body — heart-broken,  he  ordered  the  retreat.  Few  men  remained  of 
that  magnificent  column  which  had  advanced  so  proudly  led  by  the  Ney  of  the 
Southern  army,  and  these  few  fell  back  in  disorder  behind  Wright’s  Brigade 
which  was  sent  forward  to  cover  the  retreat.  On  the  left  Pettigrew’s  division 
loost  2,000.  General  Lee  from  the  opposite  heights  watched,  as  Napoleon  did  at 
Waterloo,  the  progress  of  his  attack.  Once  the  smoke  of  battle  was  for  a mo- 
ment blown  aside,  and  the  Confederate  flag  was  seen  to  wave  within  the  enemy’s 
position.  Lee’s  generals  congratulate  him  that  the  victory  is  gained.  Again  the 
clouds  gather  around  the  combatants.  When  it  next  lifted  the  Confederates  were 
seen  broken  and  fleeing  down  that  fatal  slbpe,  where  a man  could  walk  without 
putting  his  feet  upon  the  grass,  so  thickly  lay  the  bodies  of  the  slain.  The  attack 
had  failed.  The  battle  was  irretrievably  lost.  The  Union  was  saved.  General 
Lee’s  business  was  now  to  save  his  army.  “This  has  been  a sad  day  for  us,”  he 
said  to  a friend,  “a  sad  day;  but  can’t  expect  always  to  gain  victories.”  He 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG — THIRD  DAY. 


35 


rallied  his  broken  troops  expecting  to  be  attacked  by  the  victorious  Federals. 
But  Meade  did  not  follow  up  his  success. 


The  readers’s  attention  will  now  be  called  to  some  movements  of  the  Cavalry 
of  the  two  armies.  Stuart  and  Kilpatrick  had  been  pressing  each  other  for  some 
time  and  were  nearing  the  great  battlefield.  On  the  evening  of  the  ist,  Stuart 
in  the  neighborhood  of  Carlisle  received  Lee’s  orders  to  move  to  Gettysburg. 
Stuart  proceeded  at  once  to  obey  the  order.  Kilpatrick  hastened  to  Heidlers- 
burg  to  intercept  him,  but  arrived  too  late.  The  following  morning  Kilpatrick 
started  southward  for  the  purpose  of  covering  the  right  of  the  Union  army,  act- 
ing under  orders  from  General  Pleasanton.  He  was  following  the  track  of 
Stuart,  who,  knowing  himself  to  be  pursued,  left  Hampton’s  Brigade  at  Hunters- 
town  to  prevent  Kilpatrick  from  falling  upon  the  rear  of  Ewell’s  Corps.  Quite 
a skirmish  occurred  at  this  town.  Custer  assumed  the  offensive,  but  is  driven 
back  by  Hampton,  who  in  turn  charged  but  was  repulsed.  Kilpatrick  received 
other  orders/resumed  his  march  and  arrived  at  Two  Taverns  about  three  o’clock 
the  next  morning  (July  3d).  Buford  was  at  Taneytown  the  evening  of  the  2nd 
and  the  following  morning  was  to  move  to  Westminster.  Huey  was  in  this  town 
guarding  the  supply  trains.  Gregg,  with  Custer’s,  McIntosh’s  and  Irvin  Gregg’s 
Brigades,  was  on  the  right  in  the  position  which  had  been  assigned  to  Kilpat- 
rick. On  the  afternoon  of  the  2nd  when  Johnson  was  preparing  to  attack  Culp’s 
Hill,  Jenkins’  Brigade  of  cavalry  was  ordered  to  make  a reconnoisance  as  far  as 
Brinkerhoff  Ridge.  Gregg  sent  some  of  McIntosh’s  Cavalry  to  oppose  him. 
The  opposing  forces  reached  the  ridge  about  the  same  time.  The  writer  has 
been  informed  by  a participant  that  a race  occurred  for  the  possession  of  a stone 
fence.  The  3d  Pennsylvania  arrived  first  and  secured  its  welcome  protection. 
Jenkins  was  wounded  and  the  Union  Cavalry  remained  masters  of  the  situation. 

We  must  now  turn  our  attention  elsewhere.  The  Bliss  buildings,  about  mid- 
way between  the  Emmittsburg  road  and  Seminary  Ridge,  were  occupied  by  some 
Confederate  sharp-shooters  during  the  morning  of  July  3d.  The  12th  New  Jer- 
sey and  14th  Connecticut  Regiments  charged  upon  the  buildings,  secured  and  set 
them  on  fire  and  returned  to  Hancock’s  line  on  Cemetery  Ridge.  General 
Farnsworth  made  his  appearance  in  the  rear  of  Hood’s  division,  having  crossed 
to  the  western  bank  of  Plum  Run,  south  of  Big  Round  Top,  and  emerged  in  the 
open  fields  beyond.  Law  detached  Robertson’s  Texas  Brigade  to  check  him. 
Farnsworth  charged  the  enemy’s  skirmishers,  but  after  crossing  several  stone 
fences  his  attack  broke  down  before  the  well-sustained  fire  of  Robertson’s  men. 
While  trying  to  retire  toward  the  Slyder  house  his  troops  became  entagled  in  a 
network  of  stone  fences  and  numerous  thickets  and  as  a consequence  lost  very 
heavily.  Farnsworth  was  killed;  Merritt,  who  was  on  the  Emmittsburg  road, 
was  also  repulsed.  Early  in  the  afternoon  Kilpatrick  ordered  Merritt  back  and 
led  him  to  the  left  of  the  Union  army  with  the  remnant  of  Farnsworth’s  Brigade. 

On  the  morning  of  the  3d,  General  Lee  directed  Stuart  to  move  around  the 
right  flank  of  the  Union  line  m*  order  to  create  consternation  within  the  Union 
ranks.  Stuart  was  to  make  this  move  in  conjunction  with  Pickett’s  charge. 
This  plan  of  Lee  was  well  conceived  but  like  Pickett,  Stuart  was  repulsed. 
Three  o’clock  in  the  morning  Stuart  left  the  positions  he  had  occupied  near 
Rock  Creek  and  followed  the  road  leading  from  the  York  pike  to  the  Reever 


36 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


house.  Reaching  the  summit  of  Brinkerhoff  Ridge  he  saw  the  cavalry  posted 
near  the  Reever  house.  He  at  once  conceived  the  plan  to  separate  it  from  the 
right  of  the  Union  infantry  line.  To  successfully  accomplish  this  he  must  con- 
ceal his  movement  from  the  enemy  and  detain  him  in  that  section  of  the  country 
where  the  Hanover  and  Dutch  roads  intersect.  Confederate  skirmishers  occu- 
pied the  wooded  summit  of  Cress’  Ridge  and  this  same  ridge  acted  as  a screen 
to  conceal  Stuart’s  movements.  Jenkins’  and  Chambliss’  Brigades,  accompanied 
by  Stuart,  moved  along  the  western  slope  of  the  ridge.  Lee  and  Hampton  were 
to  follow  closely.  Custer’s  Troops  are  the  ones  which  Stuart  discovered  near 
the  Reever  house.  On  the  evening  of  the  previous  day,  Gregg  had  been  ordered 
by  Pleasanton  to  take  a position  in  the  rear  of  the  army  which  he  did.  On  the 
morning  of  the  3d,  Gregg  was  ordered  to  advance  and  cover  the  sight  of  the 
army.  Proceeding  along  Cress’  Run  south  of  the  Hanover  road  he  had  the  east- 
ern slopes  of  Wolf  Hill  in  full.  view.  It  was  on  these  slopes  that  Stuart  must 
appear  if  he  goes  beyond  Brinkerhoff’ s Ridge.  Learning  of  Custer’s  presence 
near  the  Bonneauville  Road,  Gregg  ordered  him  to  take  position  on  his  right. 
Notwithstanding  the  fact  of  his  having  been  ordered  by  Kilpatrick  to  move  to 
Two  Taverns,  Custer  complied  with  Gregg’s  request.  Gregg  now  had  three 
brigades  numbering  about  five  thousand  men.  Stuart  had  four  brigades  num- 
bering between  six  and  seven  thousand.  As  yet  he  was  unaware  of  the  position 
of  Gregg. 

About  ten  o’clock  Hampton  and  Lee  made  their  appearance  on  the  south  side 
of  Rummel’s  woods.  Their  artillery  immediately  opened  fire  on  Custer.  The 
latter  finding  his  right  was  menaced,  deployed  a portion  of  his  brigade  enpotence 
which  had  been  held  in  reserve.  His  guns  silenced  those  of  the  Confederates. 
Hampton  and  Lee  fell  back  under  cover  of  the  wood.  Custer  did  not  follow 
them.  Stuart’s  plan  was  now  unmasked ; he  also  realized  that  if  the  enemy  was 
going  to  menace  his  left  flank  he  could  proceed  no  farther.  He  sent  a dispatch 
to  Lee  and  Hampton  to  come  to  him,  but  not  receiving  this  message,  he  waited 
for  them  in  vain.  Custer  had  left  his  position  near  the  Reever  house  and  was 
moving  to  join  his  division  beyond  Big  Round  Top.  Custer  by  so  doing  obeyed 
an  order  of  Kilpatrick  quite  recently  received.  McIntosh’s  Brigade  had  taken 
the  position  vacated  by  Custer.  Gregg  with  the  other  brigade  of  his  division 
commanded  by  Irvin  Gregg,  remained  in  the  position  taken  in  the  morning.  It 
was  about  two  o’clock. 

The  two  bodies  of  cavalry  can  plainly  hear  the  sounds  of  the  terrific  artillery 
duel  which  preceded  Pickett’s  fearful  charge.  McIntosh  now  determined  to 
assume  the  offensive,  thereby  baffling  Stuart  in  his  plan.  The  dashing  Confed- 
erate cavalryman  would  liked  to  have  continued  his  movement  with  the  brigades 
of  Jenkins  and  Chambliss,  while  Hampton  and  Lee  detained  McIntosh.  The 
latter  advanced  upon  the  Rummel  farm  and  has  compelled  these  last  two  men- 
tioned brigades  to  deploy  to  hold  him  in  check.  Lee  was  in  command  of  both 
brigades.  His  troops  were  dismounted  and  under  cover  of  a fence.  His  bat- 
teries opened,  which  caused  McIntosh  to  stop.  Gregg  hastened  forward,  met 
Custer,  and  brought  him  back  to  the  aid  of  McIntosh.  Irvin  Gregg’s  Brigade 
came  to  the  cross-road  near  the  Howard  house  and  remained  in  reserve.  Stuart 
saw  the  reinforcements  coming  to  McIntosh,  sent  Jenkins’  Brigade  against  them. 
With  Stuart  it  was  no  longer  a question  of  turning  the  right  flank  of  the  Union 
army  but  to  turn  the  left  flank  of  the  Union  Cavalry.  He  had  but  one  Brigade 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


37 


with  him,  viz : Chambliss,  and  with*this  Brigade  he  continued  the  movement  to 
out-flank  Gregg.  This  officer  was  preparing  to  assume  the  aggressive  though 
the  enemy  was  posted  along  the  slopes  of  Cress’  Ridge  and  within  the  enclosures 
of  the  Rummel  farm-buildings.  The  Fifth  and  Sixth  Michigan  regiments  rein- 
forced McIntosh  whose  right  rested  on  the  wood  situated  along  the  Dutch  road 
north  of  the  Howard  house  and  the  left  on  the  Hanover  road.  The  First  and 
Seventh  Michigan  regiments  were  held  in  reserve.  The  Union  artillery  was 
posted  on  the  hill  near  the  Howard  house,  and  opened  fire  upon  Lee’s  skir- 
mishers who  were  occupying  the  Rummel  buildings.  Lee  who  had  been  trying 
in  vain  to  turn  McIntosh’s  right  had  brought  into  the  melee  the  greater  part  of 
his  Brigade.  Jenkins’  Brigade  was  on  his  right  extending  as  far  as  the  Hanover 
Road. 

The  enemy  was  dislodged  from  the  Rummel  buildings  by  the  artillery  fire. 
Leaving  his  right  stationary  on  the  Dutch  Road,  Gregg  brought  his  left  toward 
Cress’  Ridge  thereby  getting  nearer  to  the  position  occupied  by  Stuart.  A 
portion  of  Jenkins’  Brigade  deployed  as  skirmishers  soon  came  forward  to  meet 
Gregg’s  troopers  who  were  likewise  dismounted.  By  some  strange  negligence 
the  Confederates  were  short  of  ammunition,  and  the  Sixth  Michigan  drove  them 
quickly  back.  Gregg  took  advantage  of  the  retreat  of  this  portion  of  Jenkins* 
Brigade  and  ordered  forward  the  centre  of  McIntosh’s  Brigade.  Fitzhugh  Lee’s 
men  had  lost  their  hold  on  the  Rummel  buildings,  fell  back  in  their  turn  and 
became  separated  from  Jenkins. 

Stuart  now  ordered  Chambliss  to  the  assistance  of  Jenkins.  Chambliss  dis- 
mounted one  of  his  regiments  and  directed  it  against  the  Federal  centre;  the 
remainder  of  his  Brigade  was  held  in  readiness  to  support  it.  The  progress  of 
the  Union  Cavalry  was  checked,  but  Stuart  had  no  troops  left  to  carry  out  the 
movement  which  he  had  begun.  The  regiment  sent  forward  by  Chambliss  was 
received  by  the  Fifth  Michigan  which  was  posted  behind  a fence  near  the  stream- 
let called  Little’s  Run.  This  regiment  was  armed  with  repeating  carbines  and 
soon  repulsed  the  Confederate  regiment. 

Fitzhugh  Lee,  on  the  left  of  the  Rummel  farm,  thought  the  time  had  arrived 
for  striking  a decisive  blow.  He  ordered  the  First  Virginia  to  charge  mounted 
McIntosh’s  right.  The  First  New  Jersey  was  driven  back  upon  the  woods. 
Custer  hurled  forward  the  Seventh  Michigan,  which  charged  mounted  but 
stopped  behind  a fence  and  opened  an  ineffective  fire.  The  Virginians  replied  in 
a like  manner.  Lee  then  ordered  some  of  his  men  forward  on  foot,  and  soon 
compelled  the  Unionists  to  give  ground.  This  momentary  success  had  exhausted 
the  First  Virginia ; under  a heavy  volley  it  began  to  fall  back  carrying  with  it 
Lee’s  entire  brigade. 

Hampton  ordered  the  First  North  Carolina  and  Jeff  Davis  Legion  to  charge. 
These  two  regiments  came  forward  at  a gallop,  sabres  in  hand  and  rushed  upon 
one  of  Gregg’s  batteries  without  allowing  themselves  to  be  staggered  by  its  well 
delivered  fire.  The  'First  Michigan  which  up  to  this  time  had  been  in  reserve, 
led  by  the  gallant  and  fearless  Custer  met  the  two  Confederate  regiments  much 
superior  in  number.  The  ranks  of  these  regiments  had  been  decimated  by  the 
Union  artillery.  The  Southerners  were  repulsed  after  a bloody  struggle,  but 
they  received  prompt  assistance.  Lee  then  ordered  all  his  remaining  men  to 
charge.  Hampton’s  Brigade  follows  the  example  of  Lee.  This  movement  was 
temporarily  successful.  Gregg  and  McIntosh  then  called  their  reserves  and 


38 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG 


hurled  them  upon  the  flanks  of  the  Confederate  column.  On  the  right  flank  the 
Third  Pennsylvania  Cavalry  played  a very  important  part  by  charging  mounted 
and  dismounted,  and  created  confusion  in  ranks  of  the  Confederates.  The  op- 
posing combatants  repelled  each  other  with  desperate  fury,  and  yet  neither 
achieved  a decided  success.  Hampton  was  wounded.  A large  number  of  of- 
ficers of  both  armies  were  among  the  killed  and  wounded.  The  Unionists  fell 
back  and  unmasked  the  artillery  which  compelled  the  Confederates  to  beat  a re- 
treat. 

Stuart’s  plan  was  frustrated.  Gregg  held  possession  of  the  field.  The  Third 
Pennsylvania,  and  First  New  Jersey  Cavalry  regiments  of  McIntosh’s  Brigade 
had  the  heaviest  part  of  the  fighting. 

During  the  night  Stuart  withdrew  to  the  York  Road.  His  duty  then  was  to 
cover  the  retreat  of  General  Lee.  Pickett’s  charge  had  been  repulsed.  Lee’s 
well  laid  plan  failed  to  carry.  Next  day  Les  began  his  retreat.  In  perfect  order 
he  moved  toward  the  Potomac,  and  safely  crossed  the  swollen  river  back  into 
Virginia. 

The  losses  sustained  in  this  battle  were  terrible.  Forty  thousand  men  lay  dead 
or  wounded  on  the  field.  Lee’s  army  was  weakened  by  over  forty  thousand 
men  killed,  wounded,  and  prisoners.  Meade  lost  twenty-three  thousand.  For 
miles  around  every  barn,  every  cottage,  contained  wounded  men.  The  streets  of 
the  little  town  dabbled  with  blood  Men  were  for  many  days  engaged  in  bury- 
ing the  dead,  of  whom  there  were  nearly  eight  thousand.  The  wounded  of  both 
armies,  who  were  able  to  be  removed,  were  at  once  carried  into  hospitals  and 
tenderly  cared  for.  There  were  many  so  mangled  that  their  removal  was  im- 
possible. These  were  ministered  to  on  the  field  till  death  relieved  them  from 
their  pain. 

The  tidings  of  the  victory  at  Gettysburg  came  to  the  Northern  people  on  the 
fourth  of  July,  side  by  side  with  the  tidings  of  the  fall  of  Vicksburg.  The  proud 
old  anniversary  had  perhaps  never  before  been  celebrated  by  the  American  people 
with  hearts  so  thankful  and  so  glad.  President  Lincoln,  who  had  become  grave 
and  humble  and  reverential  under  the  influence  of  those  awful  circumstances 
amid  which  he  lived,  proclaimed  a solemn  day  of  thanksgiving  for  the  deliverance 
granted  to  the  nation,  and  of  prayer  that  God  would  lead  them  “through  the  paths 
of  repentance  and  submission  to  the  divine  will,  to  unity  and  fraternal  peace.” 


ORGANIZATION  OF  THE  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC 
Maj.  Gen  George  G.  Meade  Commanding  at  the 
Battle  of  Gettysburg,  July  1-3,  1863. 

GENERAL  HEADQUARTERS. 

COMMAND  OF  THE  PROVOST— MARSHAL-GENERAL. 


Brig.  Gen.  Marsena  R.  Patrick. 

93d  New  York,*  Col.  John  S.  Crocker. 

8th  United  States  (eight  companies),*  Capt.  Edwin  W.  H.  Read. 

2d  Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  Col.  R.  Butler  Price. 

6th  Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  Companies  E and  I,  Capt.  James  Starr. 
Regular  cavalry  (detachments  from  ist,  2d.  5th  and  6th  Regiments). 

SIGNAL  CORPS. 

Capt.  Lemuel  B.  Norton. 


GUARDS  AND  ORDERLIES. 

Oneida  (New  York)  Cavalry,  Capt.  Daniel  P.  Mann. 
ARTILLERY. 

Brig.  Gen.  Henry  J.  Hunt. 

ENGINEER  BRIGADE. 

Brig.  Gen.  Henry  W.  Benham. 

15th  New  York  (three  companies),  Maj.  Walter  L.  Cassin. 
50th  New  York,  Col.  William  H.  Pettes. 

United  States  Battalion,  Capt.  George  H.  Mendell. 

FIRST  ARMY  CORPS.! 

Maj.  Gen.  Abner  Doubleday. 

Maj.  Gen.  John  Newton, 
general  headquarters. 

ist  Maine  Cavalry,  Company  L,  Capt.  Constantine  Taylor. 
first  division. 


Brig.  Gen.  James 
First  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Solomon  Meredith,  j 
Col.  William  W.  Robinson. 

19th  Indiana.  Col.  Sami.  J.  Williams. 
24th  Michigan  : 

Col.  Henry  A.  Morrow. 

Capt.  Albert  M.  Edwards.  j 
2d  Wisconsin: 

Col.  Lucius  Fairchild. 

Maj.  John  Mansfield. 

Capt.  George  H.  Otis. 

6th  Wisconsin,  Lieut.  Col.  Rufus 
R.  Dawes. 

7th  Wisconsin: 

Col.  William  W.  Robinson. 
Maj.  Mark  Finnicum. 


S.  Wadsworth. 

Second  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Ly sander  Cutler. 
h Indiana,  Col.  Ira  G.  Grover. 
76th  New  York: 

Maj.  Andrew  J.  Grover. 

Capt.  John  E.  Cook. 

84th  New  York  ( xuth  Militia),  CoL 
Edward  B.  Fowler. 

95th  New  York: 

Col.  George  H.  Biddle. 

Maj.  Edward  Pye. 

147th  New  York: 

Lieut.  Col.  Francis  C.  Miller. 
Maj.  George  Harney. 

56th  Pennsylvania  (nine  compan- 
ies), Col.  J.  Wm.  Hofmann. 


*Not  engraved. 

+ Not  eovaged.  With  the  exception  of  the  regular  battalion,  it  was,  July  b and  while 
at  B aver  Dam  Creek.  Md  . ordered  to  Washington.  D C where  it  arrived  July  3 
X Vlai  Gen.  John  F.  Revnolds,  of  this  corps,  was  killed  July  j.  while  in  command  of  the 
left  wing  of  the  army:  General  Doubleday  commanded  the  corps  July  1,  and  General 
Newton,  who  was  assigned  to  that  command  on  the  ist,  superseded  him  July  2. 


40 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


SECOND  DIVISION. 


Brig.  Gen.  John  C.  Robinson. 
First  Brigade. 


Brig.  Gen.  Gabriel  R.  Paul. 
Col.  Samuel  H.  Leonard. 

Col.  Adrian  R.  Root. 

Col.  Richard  Coulter. 

Col.  Peter  Lyle. 

Col.  Richard  Coulter. 

16th  Maine : 

Col.  Charles  W.  Tilden. 
Maj.  Archibald  D.  Leavitt. 
13th  Massachusetts: 

Col.  Samuel  H.  Leonard. 
Lieut.  Col.  N.  Walter  Batch- 
elder. 

94th  New  York: 

Col.  Adrian  R.  Root. 

Maj.  Samuel  A.  Moffett. 
104th  New  York,  Col.  Gilbert  G. 
Prey. 

107th  Pennsylvania : 

Lieut.  Col.  James  Mac- 
Thomson. 

Capt.  Emanuel  D.  Roath. 


Second  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Henry  Baxter. 

12th  Massachusetts : 

Col.  James  L.  Bates. 

Lieut.  Col.  David  Allen,  jr. 
83d  New  York  (9th  Militia),  Lieut. 

Col.  Joseph  A.  Moesch. 

97th  New  York : 

Col.  Charles  Wheelock. 

Maj.  Charles  Northrup. 
nth  Pennsylvania:  * 

Col.  Richard  Coulter. 

Capt.  Benjamin  F.  Haines. 
Capt.  John  B.  Overmyer. 

88th  Pennsylvania : 

Maj.  Benezet  F.  Foust. 

Capt.  Henry  Whiteside. 

90th  Pennsylvania : 

Col.  Peter  Lyle. 

Maj.  Alfred  J.  Sellers. 

Col.  Peter  Lyle. 


third  division. 


Brig.  Gen.  Thomas  A.  Rowley. 
Maj.  Gen.  Abner  Doubleday. 


First  Brigade. 

Col.  Chapman  Biddle. 

Brig.  Gen.  Thomas  A.  Rowley. 
Col.  Chapman  Biddle. 

80th  New  York  (20th  Militia),  Col. 

Theodore  B.  Gates. 

121st  Pennsylvania : 

Maj.  Alexander  Biddle. 

Col.  Chapman  Biddule. 

Maj.  Alexander  Biddle. 

I42d  Pennsylvania : 

Col.  Robert  P.  Cummins. 
Lieut.  Col.  A.  B.  McCalmont. 
151st  Pennsylvania: 

Lieut.  Col.  Geo.  F.  McFarland 
Capt.  Walter  L Owens. 

Col.  Harrison  Allen. 


Second  Brigade. 

Col.  Roy  Stone. 

Col.  Langhorne  Wister 
Col.  Edmund  L.  Dana. 

143d  Pennsylvania : 

Col.  Edmund  L.  Dana. 

Lieut.  Col.  John  D.  Musser. 
149th  Pennsylvania : 

Lieut.  Col.  Walton  Dwight. 
Capt.  James  Glenn. 

150th  Pennsylvania: 

Col.  Langhorne  Wister. 

Lieut.  Col.  H.  S.  Huidekoper. 
Capt.  Cornelius  C.  Widdis. 


Third  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  George  J.  STannard. 
Col.  Francis  V.  Randall. 

12th  Vermont,  Col.  Asa  P.  Blunt. 

13th  Vermont  : 

Col.  Francis  V.  Randall, 

Maj.  Joseph  J.  Boynton. 


transferred,  in  afternoon  of  July  1,  to  the  First  Brigade. 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


41 


Lieut,  Col.  William  D.  Munson. 

14th  Vermont,  Col.  William  T.  Nichols. 

15th  Vermont,  Col.  Redfield  Proctor. 

16th  Vermont,  Col.  Wheelock  G.  Veazey. 

artillery  brigade. 

Col.  Charles  S.  Wainwright. 

Maine  Light,  2d  Battery  (B),  Capt.  James  A.  Hall Lost  18. 

Maine  Light,  5th  Battery  (E)  : “ 23. 

Capt.  Greenleaf  T.  Stevens. 

Lieut.  Edward  N.  Whittier. 

1 st  New  York  Light,  Battery  L : “ 17.* 

Capt.  Gilbert  H.  Reynolds. 

Lieut.  George  Breck. 

1st  Pennsylvania  Light,  Battery  B,  Capt.  James  H.  Cooper,  “ 12. 

4th  United  States,  Battery  B,  Lieut.  James  Stewart “ 36. 

SECOND  ARMY  CORPS.f 

Maj.  Gen.  Winfield  S.  Hancock. 

Brig.  Gen.  John  Gibson. 


GENERAL  HEADQUARTERS. 

6th  New  York  Cavalry,  Companies  D and  K,  Capt.  Riley  Johnson. 


FIRST  DIVISION. 


Brig.  Gen.  John  C.  Caldwell. 


First  Brigade. 

Col.  Edward  E.  Cross 
Col.  H.  Boyd  McKeen. 

5th  New  Hampshire,  Lieut.  Col. 
Charles  E.  Hapgood. 

61st  New  York,  Lieut.  Col.  K.  Os- 
car Broady. 

81  st  Pennsylvania: 

Col.  H.  Boyd  McKeen 
Lieut.  Col.  Amos  Stroh. 

148th  Pennsylvania,  Lieut.  Col.  Rob- 
ert McFarlane. 

Second  Brigade. 

Col.  Patrick  Kelly. 

28th  Massachusetts,  Col.  R.  Byrnes. 
63d  New  York  (two  companies)  : 
Lieut.  Col.  Richard  C.  Bentley. 
Capt.  Thomas  Touhy. 

69th  New  York  (two  companies)  : 
Capt.  Richard  Moroney 
Lieut.  James  J.  Smith. 

88th  New  York  (two  companies)  : 


Third  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Samuel  K.  Zook. 
Lieut.  Col.  John  Fraser. 

52d  New  York: 

Lieut.  Col.  C.  G.  Freudenberg. 
Capt.  William  Scherrer. 

57th  New  York,  Lieut.  Col.  Alford 
B.  Chapman.* 

66th  New  York: 

Col.  Orlando  H.  Morris. 
Lieut.  Col.  John  S.  Hammell. 
Maj.  Peter  Nelson. 

140th  Pennsylvania : 

Col.  Richard  P.  Roberts. 
Lieut.  Col.  John  Fraser. 

Fourth  Brigade. 

Col.  John  R.  Brooke. 

27th  Connecticut  (two  companies)  : 
Lieut.  Col.  Henry  C.  Merwin. 
Maj.  James  H.  Coburn. 

2d  Delaware : 

Col.  William  P.  Baily. 


* Battery  E.  1st  New  York  Light  Artillery,  attached. 

t After  the  death  of  General  Reynolds,  General  Hancock  was  assigned  to  the  command 
° nihe  battie’  relieving  General  Howard,  who  had  succeeded 

General  Rej  nolds  General  Gibbon,  of  the  Second  Division,  assumed  command  of  the 
corps-  These  assignments  terminated  on  the  evening  of  July  1.  Similar  changes  in 

of  the  2d-  when  General  Hancock  was  put  in 
“J  Corps,  in  addition  to  that  of  his  own-  He  was  wounded  on  the  3d, 

and  Brig.  Gen-  William  Hays  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  corps- 


42 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


Capt.  Denis  F.  Burke. 

1 1 6th  Pennsylvania  (four  compan- 
ies), Maj.  St.  Clair  A.  Mul- 
holland. 


Capt.  Charles  H.  Christman. 
64th  New  York: 

Col.  Daniel  G.  Bingham. 

Maj.  Leman  W.  Bradley. 

53d  Pennsylvania,  Lieut.  Col.  Rich- 
ards McMichael.' 

145th  Pennsylvania  (seven  com- 
panies) : 

Col.  Hiram  L.  Brown. 

Capt.  John  W.  Reynolds. 

Capt.  Moses  W.  Oliver. 


SECOND  DIVISION. 


Brig.  Gen.  John  Gibbon. 

Brig.  Gen.  William  Harrow. 


First  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  William  Harrow. 
Col.  Francis  E.  Heath. 
iqth  Maine : 

Col.  Francis  E.  Heath. 

Lieut.  Col.  Henry  W.  Cun- 
ningham. 

15th  Massachusetts: 

Col.  George  H.  Ward. 

Lieut.  Col.  George  C.  Joslin. 
1st  Minnesota:  * 

Col.  William  Colville,  *jr. 
Capt.  Nathan  S.  Messick. 
Capt.  Henry  C.  Coates. 

82d  New  York  (2d  Militia)  : 

Lieut.  Col.  James  Huston. 
Capt.  John  Darrow. 

Second  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Alexander  S.  Webb. 
69th  Pennsylvania : 

Col.  Dennis  O’Kane. 

Capt.  William  Davis. 

71st  Pennsylvania,  Col.  Richard 
Penn  Smith. 

72d  Pennsylvania  : 

Col.  De  Witt  C.  Baxter. 

Lieut.  Col.  Theodore  Hesser. 
106th  Pennsylvania,  Lieut.  Col.  Wil- 
liam L.  Curry. 


Third  Brigade. 

Col.  Norman  J.  Hall. 

19th  Massachusetts,  Col.  Arthur  F, 
Devereux. 

20th  Massachusetts : 

Col.  Paul  J.  Revere. 

Lieut.  Col.  George  N.  Macy, 
Capt.  Henry  L.  Abbott. 

7th  Michigan  : 

Lieut.  Col.  Amos  E.  Steele,  jr, 
Maj.  Sylvanus  W.  Curtis. 

42  d New  York,  Col.  James  E.  Mal- 
lon. 

59th  New  York,  (four  companies)  r 
Lieut.  Col.  Max  A.  Thoman. 
Capt.  William  McFadden. 


Unattached. 

Massachusetts  Sharpshooters,  1st 
Company : 

Capt.  William  Plumer. 

Lieut.  Emerson  L.  BicknelL 


THIRD  DIVISION 


Brig.  Gen.  Alexander  Hays. 


First  Brigade. 

Col.  Samuel  S.  Carroll. 

14th  Indiana,  Col.  John  Coons. 

4th  Ohio,  Lieut.  Col.  Leonard  W. 
Carpenter. 

8th  Ohio,  Lieut.  Col.  Franklin  Saw- 
yer. 


Second  Brigade. 

Col.  Thomas  A.  Smith. 

Lieut.  Col.  Francis  E.  Pierce. 
14th  Connecticut,  Maj.  Theodore  G, 
Ellis. 

1st  Delaware: 

Lieut.  Col.  Edward  P.  Harris, 


*2d  Company  Minnesota  Sharp shooters  attached- 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


43 


7th  West  Virginia,  Lieut. 
Jonathan  H.  Lockwood. 


Col. 


Capt.  Thomas  B.  Hizar. 
Lieut.  William  Smith. 

Lieut.  John  T.  Dent. 

1 2th  New  Jersey,  Maj.  John  T. 
Hill 

ioth  New  York  (battalion),  Maj. 

George  F.  Hopper. 
io8th  New  York,  Lieut.  Col.  Frana* 
E.  Pierce. 


Third  Brigade. 


Col.  George  L.  Willard. 

Col.  Eliakim  Sherrill. 

Lieut.  Col.  James  M.  Bull. 

39th  New  York  (four  companies),  Maj.  Hugo  HiMe^andt. 
mth  New  York: 

Col.  Clinton  D.  MacDougall 
Lieut.  Col.  Isaac  M.  Lusk. 

Capt.  Aaron  P.  Seeley. 

125th  New  York,  Lieut.  Col.  Levin  Crandeh 
126th  New  York: 

Col.  Eliakim  Sherrill. 

Lieut.  Col.  James  M.  Bull. 


artillery  brigade 


Capt.  John  G.  Hazard. 

1st  New  York  Light,  Battery  B: Lost  26.  * 

Lieut.  Albert  S.  Sheldon. 

Capt.  James  McKay  Rorty. 

Lieut.  Robert  E.  Rogers. 

1st  Rhode  Island  Light,  Battery  A,  Capt.  Wm.  A.  Arnold,  " 32. 

1st  Rhode  Island  Light,  Battery  B: “ 28. 

Lieut.  T.  Fred.  Brown. 

Lieut.  Walter  S.  Perrin. 

1st  United  States,  Battery  I: . H 25. 

Lieut.  George  A.  Woodruff. 

Lieut.  Tully  McCrea. 

4th  United  States,  Battery  A : " 38. 

Lieut.  Alonzo  H.  Cushing. 

Sergt.  Frederick  Fuger. 


THIRD  ARMY  CORPS. 

Maj.  Gen.  Daniel  Sickles. 
Maj.  Gen.  David  B.  Birney. 


FIRST  DIVISION. 


Maj.  Gen.  David  B.  Birney. 
Brig.  Gen.  J.  H.  Hobart  Ward. 


First  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Charles  K.  Graham. 
Col.  Andrew  H.  Tippan. 

57th  Pennsylvania  (eight  compan- 
ies) : 

Col.  Peter  Sides. 

Capt.  Alanson  H.  Nelson. 


Second  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  J.  H.  Hobart  Ward. 
Col.  Hiram  Berdan. 

20th  Indiana: 

Col.  John  Wheeler. 

Lieut.  Col.  William  C.  L.  T*y*- 
lor. 


* Transferred  from  Artillery  Reserve,  July  1 ; 14th  New  York  Battery  attached. 


44 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


63d  Pennsylvania,  Maj.  John  A.  I 
Danks. 

66th  Pennsylvania : 

Col.  Andrew  H.  Tippin. 

Capt.  Milton  S.  Davis.  (?)  j 

105th  Pennsylvania,  Col.  Calvin  A. } 
Craig. 

114th  Pennsylvania: 

Lieut.  Col.  Frederick  F.  Ca- 
vada. 

Capt.  Edward  R.  Bowen. 

141st  Pennsylvania,  Col.  Henry  J. 
Madill. 


E :F  J 1 


3d  Maine,  Col.  Mos.  B.  Lakeman. 
4th  Maine : 

@ol.  Elijah  Walker. 

Capt.  Edwin  Libby. 

86th  New  York,  Lieut.  Col.  Benja- 
min L.  Higgins. 

124th  New  York: 

Col.  A.  Van  Horne  Ellis. 
Lieut.  Col.  Francis  M.  Cum- 
mins. 

99th  Pennsylvania,  Mai.  John  W. 
Moore. 

1st  United  States  Sharpshooters: 
Col.  Hiram  Berdan. 

, Lieut.  Col.  Casper  Trepp. 

2d  United  States  Sharpshooters 
(eight  companies),  Maj. 
Homer  R.  Stoughton. 


Third  Brigade. 


Col.  P.  Regis  de  Trobriand. 

17th  Maine,  Lieut.  Col.  Charles  B.  Merrill. 
3d  Michigan  : 

'Col.  Byron  R.  Pierce. 

Lieut.  Col.  Edwin  S.  Pierce. 

5th  Michigan,  Lieut.  Col.  John  Pulford. 
40th  New  York,  Col.  Thomas  W.  Egan, 
noth  Pennsylvania  (six  companies)  : 

Lieut.  Col.  David  M.  Jones. 

Maj.  Isaac  Rogers. 


SECOND  DIVISION. 


Brig.  Gen.  Andrew  A.  Humphreys. 


First  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Joseph  B.  Carr. 

1 st  Massachusetts,  Lieut.  Col. 
Clark  B.  Baldwin, 
nth  Massachusetts,  Lieut.  Col.  Por- 
ter D.  Tripp. 

16th  Massachusetts : ' 

Lieut.  Col.  Waldo  Merriam. 
Capt.  Matthew  Donovan. 

1 2th  New  Hampshire,  Capt.  John  F. 
Langley. 

nth  New  Jersey: 

Col.  Robert  McAllister. 

Capt.  Luther  Martin. 

Lieut.  John  Schoonover. 

Capt.  William  H.  Lloyd. 
Capt.  Samuel  T.  Sleeper. 
Lieut.  John  Schoonover. 

26th  Pennsylvania,  Maj.  Robert  L. 
Bodine. 

84th  Pennsylvania,*  Lieut.  Col.  Mil- 
ton  Opp. 


Second  Brigade. 

Col.  Wileiam  R.  Brewster. 

70th  New  York,  Col.  J.  Egbert 
Farnum. 

71st  New  York,  Col.  Henry  L. 

Potter. 

72d  New  York: 

Col.  John  S.  Austin. 

Lieut.  Col.  John  Leonard. 

73d  New  York,  Maj.  Michael  W. 

Burns. 

74th  New  York,  Lieut.  Col.  Thos. 
Holt. 

1 20th  New  York: 

Lieut.  Col.  Cornelius  D. 

Westbrook. 

Maj.  John  R.  Tappen. 


Guarding  Corps  trains,  and  not  engaged  in  the  battle- 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG 


45 


Third  Brigade. 

Col.  George  C.  Burling. 

2(1  New  Hampshire,  Col.  Edward  L.  Bailey. 

5th  New  Jersey: 

Col.  William  J.  Sewell. 

Capt.  Thomas  C.  Godfrey. 

Capt.  Henry  H.  Woolsey. 

6th  New  Jersey,  Lieut.  Col.  Stephen  R.  Gilkyson. 

7th  New  Jersey: 

Col.  Louis  R.  Francine. 

Maj.  Frederick  Cooper. 

8th  New  Jersey: 

Col.  John  Ramsey. 

Capt.  John  G.  Langston. 

115th  Pennsylvania,  Maj.  John  P.  Dunne. 

artillery  brigade. 

Capt.  George  E.  Randolph. 

Capt.  A.  Judson  Clark. 

New  Jersey  Light,  2d  Battery: Lost  20. 

Capt.  A.  Judson  Clark. 

Lieut.  Robert  Sims. 

^ i st  New  York  Light,  Battery  D,  Capt.  Geo.  B.  Winslow,  “ 18. 

New  York  Light,  4th  Battery,  Capt.  James  E..  Smith....  “ 13. 

1st  Rhode  Island  Light,  Battery  E: “ 30. 

Lieut.  John  K.  Bucklyn. 

Lieut.  Benjamin  Freeborn. 

4th  United  States,  Battery  K : “ 25. 

Lieut.  Francis  W.  Seeley. 

Lieut.  Robert  James. 

FIFTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

Maj.  Gen.  George  Sykes. 

GENERAL  HEADQUARTERS. 

12th  New  York  Infantry,  Companies  D and  E,  Capt.  Henry  W.  Rider. 
17th  Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  Companies  D and  H,  Capt.  William  Thompson 


first  division. 

Brig.  Gen.  James  Barnes. 


First  Brigade. 

Col.  William  S.  Tilton 

18th  Massachusetts,  Col.  Joseph 
Hayes. 

22 d Massachusetts,  Lieut.  Col. 
Thomas  Sherwin,  jr. 

1 st  Michigan: 

Col.  Ira  C.  Abbott. 

Lieut.  Col. William  A.  Throop. 
118th  Pennsylvania,  Lieut.  Col. 
James  Gwyn. 


Second  Brigade. 

Col.  Jacob  B.  Sweitzer. 

9th  Massachusetts,  Col.  Patrick  R. 
Guiney. 

32d  Massachusetts,  Col.  G.  L.  Pres- 
cott. 

4th  Michigan : 

Col.  Harrison  H.  Jeffords. 
Lieut.  Col.  George  W.  Lum- 
bard. 

62d  Pennsylvania,  Lieut.  Col.  James 
C.  Hull. 


Third  Brigade. 

Col.  Strong  Vincent. 
Col.  James  C.  Rice. 


46 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


20th  Maine,  Col.  Joshua  L.  Chamberlain. 

16th  Michigan,  Lieut.  Col.  Norval  E.  Welch. 

44th  New  York: 

Col.  James  C.  Rice. 

Lieut.  Col.  Freeman  Conner. 

83d  Pennsylvania,  Capt.  Orpheus  S.  Woodward. 


SECOND  DIVISION. 

Brig.  Gen.  Romeyn  B.  Ayres. 


First  Brigade . 

Col.  Hannibal  Day. 

3d  United  States  (six  companies)  : 
Capt.  Henry  W.  Freedley. 
Capt.  Richard  G.  Lay. 

4th  United  States  (four  compan- 
ies), 

Capt.  Julius  W.  Adams,  jr. 
6th  United  States  (five  companies) 
Capt.  Levi  C.  Bootes. 

I2th  United  States  (eight  compan- 
ies), Capt.  Thomas  S.  Dunn. 
14th  United  States  (eight  compan- 
ies), Maj.  Grotius  R.  Gid- 
dings. 


Second  Brigade. 

Col.  Sidney  Burbank. 

2d  United  States  (six  companies), 
Maj.  Arthur  T.  Lee. 

Capt.  Samuel  A.  McKee.  < 

7th  United  States  (four  companies) 
Capt.  David  P.  Hancock. 
ioth  United  States  (three  compan- 
ies), Capt.  William  D.  Clinton 
nth  United  States  (six  companies), 
Maj.  De  Lancey  Floyd-Jones. 
17th  United  States  (seven  compan- 
ies), Lieut.  Col.  J.  Dyrell 
Greene. 


Third  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Stephen  H.  Weed. 
Col.  Kenner  Garrard. 


140th  New  York: 

Col.  Patrick  H.  O’Rorke. 

Lieut.  Col.  Louis  Ernst. 

146th  New  York: 

Col.  Kenner  Garrard. 

Lieut.  Col.  David  T.  Jenkins. 

91st  Pennsylvania,  Lieut.  Col.  Joseph  H.  Sinex. 
155th  Pennsylvania,  Lieut.  Col.  John  H.  Cain. 

THIRD  DIVISION.* 


Brig.  Gen.  Samuel  W.  Crawford. 


First  Brigade. 

Col.  William  McCandless. 

1st  Pennsylvania  Reserves  (nine 
companies).  Col.  William  C. 
Talley. 

2d  Pennsvlvania  Reserves,  Lieut. 

Col.  George  A.  Woodward. 
6th  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  Lieut. 

Col.  Wellington  H.  Ent. 

13th  Pennsylvania  Reserves : 

Col.  Charles  F.  Taylor. 

Maj.  William  R.  Hartshorne. 


Third  Brigade. 

Col.  Joseph  W.  Fisher. 

5th  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  Lieut 
Col.  George  Dare. 

9th  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  Lieut. 

Col.  Janies  McK.  Snodgrass. 
10th  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  Col. 

Adoniram  J.  Warner, 
nth  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  Col. 

Samuel  M.  Jackson. 

12th  Pennsylvania  Reserves  (nine 
companies),  Col.  Martin  D. 
Hardin. 


* Joined  corps  June  28.  The  Second  Brigade  left  in  the  Department  of  Washington. 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


47 


ARTILLERY  BRIGADE. 

Capt.  Augustus  P.  Martin. 

Massachusetts  Light,  3d  Battery  (C),  Lieut.  Aaron  F.  Walcott 

Lost  6. 

1st  New  York  Light,  Battery  C,  Capt.  Almont  Barnes... 

1st  Ohio  Light,  Battery  L,  Capt.  Frank  C.  Gibbs “ 2. 

5th  United  States,  Battery  D : “ 13 

Lieut.  Charles  E.  Hazlett. 

Lieut.  Benjamin  F.  Rittenhouse. 

5th  United  States,  Battery  I : “ 22. 

Lieut.  Malbone  F.  Watson. 

Lieut.  Charles  C.  MacConnell. 

SIXTH  ARMY  CORPS. 


Maj.  Gen.  John  Sedgwick. 

« 

GENERAL  HEADQUARTERS. 

1st  New  Jersey  Cavalry,  Company  L, 

1st  Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  Company  H, 
Capt.  William  S.  Craft. 

FIRST  DIVISION. 


Brig.  Gen.  Horatio  G.  Wright. 

Provost  Guard. 

4th  New  Jersey  (three  companies),  Capt.  William  R.  Maxwell. 


First  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  A.  T.  A.  Torbert. 

1st  New  Jersey,  Lieut.  Col.  Wil- 
liam Henry,  jr. 

2d  New  Jersey,  Lieut.  Col.  Charles 
Wiebecke. 

3d  New  Jersey,  Lieut.  Col.  Ed- 
ward L.  Campbell. 

15th  New  Jersey,  Col.  William  H. 
Penrose. 


Second  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Joseph  J.  Bartlett.  * 

5th  Maine,  Col.  Clark  S.  Edwards. 
121st  New  York,  Col.  Emory  Upton. 
95th  Pennsylvania,  Lieut.  Col.  Ed- 
ward Carroll. 

96th  Pennsylvania,  Maj.  William 
H.  Lessig. 


Third  Brigade. 


Brig.  Gen.  David  A.  RUSSELL. 


6th-'  Maine,  Col.  Hiram  Burnham. 

49th  Pennsylvania  (four  companies).  Lieut.  Col.  Thomas  M.  Hulings. 
119th  Pennsylvania,  Col.  Peter  C.  Ellmaker. 

5th  Wisconsin,  Col.  Thomas  S.  Allen. 

SECOND  DIVISION,  t 


Brig.  Gen.  Albion  P.  Howe. 


Second  Brigade. 

Col.  Lewis  A.  Grant. 

2d  Vermont,  Col.  James  H.  Wal- 
bridge. 

3d  Vermont,  Col.  Thomas  O.  Sea- 
ver. 


Third  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Thomas  H.  Neill. 

7th  Maine  (six  companies),  Lieut. 
Col.  Selden  Connor.  Lost  6. 
33d  New  York  (detachment),  Capt 
Henry  J.  Gifford 


♦Also  in  command  of  the  Third  Brigade,  Third  Division,  on  July  3- 
+ No  First  Brigade  in  division 


48 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


4th  Vermont,  Col.  Charles 
Stoughton. 

5th  Vermont,  Lieut.  Col.  John  R. 
Lewis. 

6th  Vermont,  Col.  Elisha  L.  Barney 


B.  1 43d  New  York,  Lieut.  Col.  John 
Wilson.  Lost  5. 

49th  New  York,  Col.  Daniel  D.  Bid- 
well.  Lost  2. 

77th  New  York,  Lieut.  Col.  Winsor 
B.  Erench. 

61  st  Pennsylvania,  Lieut.  Col. 
George  F.  Smith.  Lost  2. 


THIRD  DIVISION. 


Maj.  Gen.  John  Newton. 
Brig.  Gen.  Frank  Wheaton. 


First  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Alexander  Shaler. 
65th  New  York,  Col.  Joseph  E. 
Hamblin. 

67th  New  York,  Col.  Nelsqn  Cross. 
I22d  New  York,  Col.  Silas  Titus. 
23d  Pennsylvania,  Lieut.  Col.  John 
F.  Glenn. 

82d  Pennsylvania,  Col.  Isaac  C. 
Bassett. 


Second  Brigade. 

Col.  Henry  L.  Eustis. 

7th  Massachusetts,  Lieut.  Col. 

Franklin  P.  Harlow. 

10th  Massachusetts,  Lieut.  Col.  Jos- 
eph B.  Parsons. 

37th  Massachusetts,  Col.  Oliver  Ed- 
wards. 

2d  Rhode  Island,  Col  Horatio 
Rogers,  Jr. 


Third  Brigade. 


Brig.  Gen.  Frank  Wheaton. 

Col.  David  J.  Nevin. 

62d  New  York: 

Col.  David  J.  Nevin. 

Lieut.  Col.  Theodore  B.  Hamilton. 

93d  Pennsylvania,  Maj.  John  I.  Nevin. 

98th  Pennsylvania,  Maj.  John  B.  Kohler. 

I02d  Pennsylvania,  Col.  John  W.  Patterson. 
139th  Pennsylvania : 

Col.  Frederick  H.  Collier. 

Lieut.  Col.  William  H.  Moody. 

artillery  brigade. 

Col.  Charles  H.  Thompkins. 

Massachusetts  Light,  1st  Battery  (A),  Capt.  William  H. 


McCartney Lost 

New  York  Light,  1st  Battery,  Capt.  Andrew  Cowan “ 12. 


New  York  Light,  3d  Battery,  Capt.  William  A.  Harn.... 
1st  Rhode  Island  Light,  Battery  C.  Capt.  Richard  Water- 
man  

1 st  Rhode  Island  Light,  Battery  G,  Capt.  George  W. 

Adams 

2d  United  States,  Battery  D,  Lieut.  Edward  B.  Williston 

2d  United  States,  Battery  G,  Lieut.  John  H.  Butler 

5th  United  States,  Battery  F,  Lieut.  Leonard  Martin.. . 


* Guarding  wagon  team  at  Westminster,  and  not  engaged  in  the  battle 


/ 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


49 


ELEVENTH  ARMY  CORPS  * 

Maj.  Gen.  Oliver  H.  Howard. 

GENERAL  HEADQUARTERS. 

i st  Indiana  Cavalry.  Companies  I and  K,  Capt.  Abram  Sharra. 

8th  New  York  Infantry  (one  company),  Lieut.  Hermann  Foerster. 


FIRST  DIVISION. 

Brig.  Gen.  Francis  C.  Barlow. 
Brig.  Gen.  Adei.bERT  Ames. 


First  Brigade. 

Col.  Leopold  von  Gilsa. 

41st  New  York  (nine  companies), 
Lieut.  Col.  Detleo  von  Ein- 
siedel. 

54th  New  York: 

Maj.  Stephen  Kovacs. 

Lieut.  Ernst  Both  (?) 

68th  New  York,  Col.  Gotthilf 
Bourry  ; 

153d  Pennsylvania,  Maj.  John  F.  ' 
Frueauff. 


Second  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Adelbert  Ames. 

Col.  Andrew  L.  Harris. 

17th  Connecticut: 

Lieut.  Col.  Douglas  Fowler. 
Maj.  Allen  G.  Brady. 

25th  Ohio : 

Lieut.  Col.  Jeremiah  Wil- 
liams. 

Capt.  Nathaniel  J.  Manning. 
Lieut.  William  Maloney. 
Lieut.  Israel  White. 

75th  Ohio : 

Col.  Andrew  L.  Harris. 
Capt.  George  B.  Fox. 

107th  Ohio: 

Col.  Seraphim  Meyer. 

Capt.  John  M.  Lutz. 


SECOND  DIVISION. 

Brig.  Gen.  Adolph  von  Steinwehr. 


First  Brigade. 


Second  Brigade. 


Col.  Charles  R.  Coster. 


Col.  Orland  Smith. 


134th  New  York,  Lieut.  Col.  Allan 
H.  Jackson. 

154th  New  York,  Lieut.  Col.  D.  B. 
Allen. 

27th  Pennsylvania,  Lieut.  Col.  Lo- 
renz Cantador. 

73d  Pennsylvania,  Capt.  D.  F. 
Kelley. 


33d  Massachusetts,  Col.  Adin  B. 
Underwood. 

136th  New  York,  Col.  James  Wood, 
jr- 

55th  Ohio,  Col.  Charles  B.  Gam- 
bee. 

73d  Ohio,  Lieut.  Col.  Richard 
Long. 


THIRD  DIVISION. 


Maj.  Gen  Carl  Schurz. 


First  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Alex.  SchimmELEENnig. 
Col.  George  von  Amsberg. 

82d  Illinois,  Lieut.  Col.  Edward  S. 

Salomon. 

45th  New  York : 

Col.  George  von  Amsberg. 
Lieut.  Col.  Adolphus  Dobke. 1 


Second  Brigade. 

Col.  W.  Krzyzanowski. 

58th  New  York: 

Lieut.  Col.  August  Otto. 
Capt.  Emil  Koenig. 

119th  New  York: 

Col.  John  T.  Lockman. 
Lieut.  Col.  Edw.  F.  Lloyd. 


* During  the  interval  between  the  Death  of  General  Reynolds  and  the  arrival  of  General 
Hancock,  on  the  afternoon  of  July  1.  all  the  troops  on  the  field  of  battle*  were  commanded 
by  General  Howard.  General  Schurz  taking  command  of  the  Eleventh  Corps,  and  Gen- 
eral Schimmelfennig  of  the  Third  Division. 


So 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


157th  New  York,  Col.  Philip  P. 
Brown,  jr. 

61  st  Ohio,  Col.  Stephen  J.  Mc- 
Groarty. 

74th  Pennsylvania : 

Col.  Adolph  von  Hartung. 
Lieut.  Col.  Alexander  von 
Mitzel. 

Capt.  Gustav  Schleiter. 
Capt.  Henry  Krauseneck. 


82d  Ohio : 

Col.  James  S.  Robinson. 
Lieut.  Col.  David  Thomson. 
75th  Pennsylvania: 

Col.  Francis  Mahler. 

Maj.  August  Ledig. 

26th  Wisconsin: 

Lieut.  Col.  Hans  Boebel. 
Capt.  John  W.  Fuchs. 


ARTILLERY  BRIGADE. 


Maj.  Thomas  W.  Osborn. 

1st  New  York  Light,  Battery  I,  Capt.  Michael  Weidrich.  Lost  13. 
New  York  Light,  13th  Battery,  Lieut.  William  Wheeler..  “ 11. 

1st  Ohio  Light,  Battery  I,  Capt.  Hubert  Dilger “ 13. 

1st  Ohio  Light,  Battery  K,  Capt.  Lewis  Heckman “ 15. 

4th  United  States,  Battery  G: “ 17. 

Lieut.  Bayard  Wilkeson. 

Lieut.  Eugene  A.  Bancroft. 

TWELFTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

Maj.  Gen.  Henry  W.  Slocum.  * 

Brig.  Gen.  Alpheus  S.  Williams. 

provost  guard. 

10th  Maine  (four  companies),  Capt.  John  D.  Beardsley. 


first  division. 


Brig.  Gen.  Alpheus  S.  Williams. 
Brig.  Gen,  Thomas  H.  Ruger. 


First  Brigade. 


Second  Brigade,  f 


Col.  Archibald  L.  McDougall. 
5th  Connecticut,  Col.  W.  W. 
Packer. 

20th  Connecticut,  Lieut.  Col.  Wil- 
liam B.  Wooster. 

3d  Maryland>  Col.  Jos.  M.  Suds- 
burg. 

123d  New  York: 

Lieut.  Col.  James  C.  Rog- 
ers. 

Capt.  Adolphus  H.  Tanner. 
145th  New  York,  Col.  E.  L.  Price. 
46th  Pennsylvania,  Col.  James  L. 
Selfridge. 


Brig.  Gen.  Henry  H.  Lockwood. 

1 st  Maryland,  Potomac  Home 

Brigade,  Col.  William  P. 
Maulsby. 

1st  Maryland,  Eastern  Shore, 

Col.  James  Wallace. 

150th  New  York,  Col.  John  Ketch- 
am. 


Third  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Thomas  H.  Ruger. 
Col.  Silas  Colgrove. 

27th  Indiana : 

Col.  Silas  Colgrove. 

Lieut.  Col.  Joljn  R.  Fesler. 

2d  Massachusetts : 


* Exercised  command  of  the  right  wing  of  the  army  during  a part  of  the  battle- 
t Unassigned  during  progress  of  battle  ; afterward  attached  to  First  Division,  as  Second 
Brigade  The  command  theretofore  known  as  the  Second  (or  Jackson’s)  Brigade  had 
previously  been  consolidated  with  the  First  Brigade- 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


51 


Lieut.  Col.  Charles  R.  Mudge. 

Maj.  Charles  F.  Morse. 

13th  New  Jersey,  Col.  Ezra  A.  Carman. 
107th  New  York,  Col.  Nirom  M.  Crane. 

3d  Wisconsin,  Col.  William  Hawley. 


SECOND  DIVISION. 

Brig.  Gen.  John  W.  Geary. 


First  Brigade. 

Col.  Charles  Candy. 

5th  Ohio,  Col.  John  H.  Patrick. 
7th  Ohio,  Col.  Wm.  R.  Creighton. 
29th  Ohio: 

Capt.  Wilbur  F.  Stevens. 
Capt.  Edward  Hayes. 

66th  Ohio,  Lieut.  Col.  Eugene 
Powell. 

28th  Pennsylvania,  Capt.  John 
Flynn. 

147th  Pennsylvania  (eight  compan- 
ies), Lieut.  Col.  Ario  Par- 
dee, jr. 


Second  Brigade. 

Col.  George  A.  Cobham,  Jr. 
Brig.  Gen.  Thomas  L.  Kane. 
Col.  George  A.  Cobham,  Jr.  . 
29th  Pennsylvania,  Col.  William 
Rickards,  jr. 

109th  Pennsylvania,  Capt.  F.  L. 
Gimber. 

1 nth  Pennsylvania: 

Lieut.  Col.  Thomas  M. 
Walker. 

Col.  George.  A.  Cobham,  jr. 
Lieut.  Col.  Thomas  M. 
Walker. 


Third  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  George  S.  Greene. 

60th  New  York,  Col.  Abel  Godard. 

78th  New  York,  Lieut.  Col.  Herbert  von  Hammerstein. 
I02d  New  York: 

Col.  James  C.  Lane. 

Capt.  Lewis  R.  Stegman. 

137th  New  York,  Col.  David  Ireland. 

149th  New  York: 

Col.  Henry  A.  Barnum. 

Lieut.  Col.  Charles  B.  Randall. 

artillery  brigade. 

Lieut.  Edward  D.  Muhlenberg. 

1st  New  York  Light,  Battery  M,  Lieut.  Chas.  E.  Winegar,  Lost 
Pennsylvania  Light,  Battery  E,  Lieut.  Charles  A.  Atwell. . “ 3. 

4th  United  States,  Battery  F,  Lieut.  Sylvanus  T.  Rugg. ...  “ 1. 
5th  United  States,  Battery  K,  Lieut.  David  H.  Kinzie “ 5. 

CAVALRY  CORPS. 

Mai.  Gen.  Alfred  Pleasonton. 


FIRST  DIVISION. 

Brig.  Gen.  John  Buford. 


First  Brigade. 

Col.  William  Gamble. 

8th  Illinois,  Maj.  John  L.  Bever- 
idge; lost,  7. 

12th  Illinois  (four  companies),  Col.  j 
George  H.  Chapman ; lost,  20.  j 
3d  Indiana  (six  companies),  Col. 

George  H.  Chapman;  lost,  32L 
8th  New  York,  Lieut.  Col.  William 
L.  Markell ; lost,  40.  ! 


Second  Brigade. 

Col.  Thomas  C.  Devin. 

6th  New  York,  Maj.  William  E. 

Beardsley;  lost,  8. 

9th  New  York,  Col.  William  Sack- 
ett;  lost,  7. 

17th  Pennsylvania,  Col.  J.  H.  Kel- 
logg; lost,  4. 

3d  West  Virginia  (two  compan- 
ies), Capt.  Seymour  B.  Con- 
ger ; lost,  4. 


u.  OF  ILL.  LIB. 


52 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


Reserve  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Wesley  Merritt. 

6th  Pennsylvania,  Maj.  James  H.  Haseltine Lost  12. 

1st  United  States,  Capt.  Richard  S.  C.  Lord “ 15. 

2d  United  States,  Capt.  T.  F.  Rodenbough “ 17. 

5th  United  States,  Capt.  Julius  W.  Mason “ 5. 

6th  United  States:  At  Fairfield “ 242. 

Maj.  Samuel  H.  Starr. 

Lieut.  Louis  H.  Carpenter. 

Lieut.  Nicholas  Nolan. 

Capt.  Ira  W.  Claflin. 

SECOND  DIVISION. 

Brig.  Gen.  David  McM.  Gregg. 

Headquarters  Guard. 


1st  Ohio,  Company  A,  Capt.  Noah  Jones. 


First  Brigade. 


Second  BrigadeX 


Col.  John  B.  McIntosh. 

1st  Maryland  (eleven  companies),  2d 
Lieut.  Col.  James  M.  Deems; 
lost,  3.  - 4th 

Purnell  (Maryland)  Legion,  Com- 
pany A,  Capt.  Robert  E.  Du-  6th 
vail. 

1st  Massachusetts,*  Lieut.  Col.  8th 
Greely  S.  Curtis.  j 

1st  New  Jersey,  Maj.  M.  H.  Beau- ; 

mont ; lost,  9.  j 

1st  Pennsylvania,  Col.  John  P.  Tay-; 

lor ; lost,  2. 

3d  Pennsylvania,  Lieut.  Col.  E.  S. 
Jones;  lost,  21. 

3d  Pennsylvania  Heavy  Artillery, 
Section  Battery  H,f  Capt.  W. 

D.  Rank;  lost,  3. 


Col.  Pennock  Huey. 

New  York,  Lieut.  Col.  Otto 
Harhaus. 

New  York,  Lieut.  Col.  Augustus 
Pruyn. 

Ohio  (ten  companies),  Maj. 

William  Stedman. 
Pennsylvania,  Capt.  William  A. 
Corrie. 


Third  Brigade. 


Col.  J.  Irvin  Gregg. 


1st  Maine  (ten  companies),  Lieut.  Col.  Chas.  H.  Smith,  Lost  5. 

t 10th  New  York,  Maj.  M.  Henry  Avery “ 9. 

4th  Pennsylvania,  Lieut.  Col.  William  E.  Doster “ 1. 

16th  Pennsylvania,  Lieut.  Col.  John  K.  Robinson “ 6. 


THIRD  DIVISION. 

Brig.  Gen.  Judson  Kilpatrick. 
Headquarters  Guard. 

1st  Ohio,  Company  C,  Capt.  Samuel  N.  Stanford. 


* Served  with  the  Sixth  Army  Corps,  and  on  the  right  flank, 
t Serving  as  light  artillery. 

t At  Westminster,  etc.,  and  not  engaged  in  the  battle. 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


55 


First  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Elon  J.  Farnsworth. 
Col.  Nathaniel  P.  Richmond. 

Staff  lost  i. 

5th  New  York,  Maj.  John  Ham- 
mond; lost,  6. 

i8th  Pennsylvania,  Lieut.  Col.  Wil- 
liam P.  Brinton ; lost,  14. 

1st  Vermont,  Lieut.  Col.  Addison 
W.  Preston;  lost,  65. 

1st  West  Virginia  (ten  compan- 
ies), lost,  12: 

Col.  Nathaniel  P.  Richmond. 
Maj.  Charles  E.  Capehart. 


Second  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  George  A.  Custer. 

1st  Michigan,  Col.  Charles  H. 
Town ; lost,  73. 

5th  Michigan,  Col.  Russell  A.  Al- 
ger ; lost,  56. 

6th  Michigan,  Col.  George  Gray; 
lost,  28. 

7th  Michigan  (ten  companies),  CoL 
William  D.  Mann;  lost,  100. 


horse  artillery. 


First  Brigade. 

Capt.  James  M.  Robertson. 

9th  Michigan  Battery,  Capt.  Jabez 
J.  Daniels;  lost,  5. 

6th  New  York  Battery,  Capt.  Joseph 
W.  Martin;  lost,  1. 

2d  United  States,  Batteries  B and 
L,  Lieut.  Edward  Heaton. 

2d  United  States,  Battery  M,  Lieut. 
A.  C.  M.  Pennington,  jr. ; 
lost,  1. 

4th  United  States,  Battery  E,  Lieut. 
Samuel  S.  Elder  ; lost,  1. 


Second  Brigade. 

Capt.  John  C.  Tidball. 

1st  United  States,  Batteries  E andi 
G,  Capt.  Alanson  M.  RandoL 
1st  United  States,  Battery  K,  Capt. 

William  M.  Graham;  lost,  3. 
2d  United  States,  Battery  A,  Lieut. 

John  H.  Calef;  lost,  12. 

3d  United  States,  Battery  C,  Lieut. 
William  D.  Fuller.* 


ARTILLERY  RESERVE. 

Brig.  Gen.  Robert  O.  Tyler. 

Capt.  James  M.  Robertson. 

Headquarters  Guard. 

32d  Massachusetts  Infantry,  Company  C,  Capt.  Josiah  C.  Fuller. 

First  Regular  Brigade.  1 First  Volunteer  Brigade. 

Capt.  Dunbar  R.  Ransom.  | Lieut.  Col.  Freeman  McGilvEry. 

1st  United  States,  Battery  H,  lost  10.  Massachusetts  Light,  5th  Battery 
Lieut.  Chandler  P.  Eakin.  ; (E),t  Capt.  Charles  A.  Phil- 

Lieut.  Philip  D.  Mason.  lips;  lost,  21. 

3d  United  States,  Batteries  F and  Massachusetts  Light,  9th  Battery: 

K,  Lieut.  John  G.  Turnbuff;  Capt.  John  Bigelow, 
lost,  24.  Lieut.  Richard  S.  Milton ; lost,  28. 

4th  United  States,  Battery  C,  Lieut.  New  York  Light,  15th  Battery,  Capt. 

Evan  Thomas ; lost,  18.  I Patrick  Hart ; lost,  16.  „ 

5th  United  States,  Battery  C,  Lieut.  Pennsylvania  Light,  Batteries  C and 
Gulian  V.  Weir;  lost,  16.  ' F,  Capt.  James  Thompson;  lost  28. 


* With  Huey’s  Cavalry  Brigade,  and  not  engaged  in  the  battle, 
f 10th  New  York  Battery  attached  to  5th  Mass.  Bat.  E. 


54 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


Second  Volunteer  Brigade. 

Capt.  Elijah  D.  Taft, 
i st  Connecticut  Heavy,  Battery  B,* 
Capt.  Albert  F.  Brooker. 
ist  Connecticut  Heavy,  Battery  M,* 
Capt.  Franklin  A.  Pratt. 
Connecticut  Light,  2d  Battery,  Capt. 

John  W.  Sterling;  lost,  5. 

New  York  Light,  5th  Battery,  Capt. 
Elijah  D.  *Taft;  lost,  3. 


Third  Volunteer  Brigade. 

Capt.  James  F.  Huntington. 
New  Hampshire  Light,  ist  Battery, 
Capt.  Frederick  M.  Edgelf; 
lost,  3. 

ist  Ohio  Light,  Battery  H,  Lieut. 

George  W.  Norton;  lost,  7. 
ist  Pennsylvania  Light,  Batteries  F 
and  G,  Capt.  R.  Bruce  Rick- 
etts ; lost,  23. 

West  Virginia  Light,  Battery  C, 
Capt.  Wallace  Hill;  lost,  4. 


Fourth  Volunteer  Brigade. 


Capt.  Robert  H.  Fitzhugh. 


Maine  Light,  6th  Battery  (F),  Lieut.  Edwin  B.  Dow.... Lost  13. 
Maryland  Light,  Battery  A,  Capt.  James  H.  Rigby. 

New  Jersey  Light,  ist  Battery,  Lieut.  Augustin  N.  Parsons,  “ 3. 

ist  New  York  Light,  Battery  G,  Capt.  Nelson  Ames “ 7. 

ist  New  York  Light,  Battery  K,f  Capt.  Robt.  H.  Fitzhugh,  “ 7. 


Train  Guard. 

4th  New  Jersey  Infantry  (seven  companies),  Maj.  Charles  Ewing. 


* Not  engaged. 

t nth  New  York  Battery  attached. 

t Had  command  of  the  right  wing,  consisting  of  the  First  Cavalry  Di- 
vision and  the  Cavalry  Reserve  Brigade,  and  a brigade  of  infantry  under 
Brig.  Gen.  Adelbert  Ames. 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


55 


The  following  pages  will  contain — All  the  Organizations  of  both  Federal  and 
Confederate  Armies,  that  participated  in  the  battle,  during  the  three  days  at 
Gettysburg,  July  i,  2 and  3,  1863.  The  names  of  Officers  commanding  on  reach- 
ing the  field,  together  with  the  loss  each  organization  sustained  during  the  battle 
— And  seven  maps,  four  of  the  first  day,  two  of  the  second,  and  one  of  the  third. 
Showing  the  exact  position  of  each  Union  and  Confederate  Brigade,  as  they  be- 
came engaged.  To  understand  the  movements  of  the  three  days*  fight,  persons 
should  begin  with  the  avenues  West  and  North  of  Gettysburg,  on  left  of  avenue 
named  after  General  Reynolds,  and  follow  all  the  avenues  as  outlined  in  the  book 
named  after  the  Seven  Corps  Commanders.  In  this  way  the  battle  can  be  under- 
stood intelligently,  and  the  position  found  of  each  organization,  marked  with  a 
monument  or  tablet  on  the  Battlefield  of  Gettysburg.  In  leaving  Gettysburg  by 
way  of  now  called  Maine  street,  westward,  at  the  edge  of  the  town,  stands  a 
bronze  figure  which  marks  the  26th  Emergency  Regiment. 

121st  Pennsylvania — Major  Alexander  Biddle,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  306;  lost  179. 

80th  New  York — Col.  Theodore  B.  Gates,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  375;  lost  170. 

Califf’s  Battery  (Central  Sec.),  Lost  12. 

I42d  Pennsylvania — Col.  Robert  B.  Cummins,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  338;  lost  21 1. 

151st  Pennsylvania — Col.  George  F.  McFarland,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  467 ; lost  337. 

8th  New  York  Cavalry — Col.  William  L.  Marked,  Commanding,  Lost  34. 

1st  New  York — Battery  L,  Commanded  by  B.  Reynolds,  Lost  17. 

8th  Illinois  Cavalry — Col.  John  L.  Beverage,  Commanding,  Lost  7. 

Next  is  the  tablet  in  the  woods  marking  the  spot  when  General  Reynolds  was 
killed,  supposed  to  have  been  shot  from  the  buildings  which  can  be  seen  from  the 
tablet. 

19th  Indiana — Col.  Samuel  J.  Williams,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  288 ; lost  210. 

24th  Michigan — Col.  Henry  A.  Morrow,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  496;  lost  363. 

2d  Wisconsin — Col.  Lucius  Fairchild,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  302 ; lost  233. 

7th  Wisconsin — Col.  William  W.  Robinson,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  370;  lost  194. 

This  is  the  regiment  the  Hero  of  Gettysburg,  John  Burns,  fought  with.  The 
tree  standing  close  to  the  monument  on  the  east  side,  has  a knot  in  it  about  two 
feet  up  from  the  ground.  This  is  the  tree  that  he  set  his  old  flint  lock  gun 
against  when  his  ammunition  became  exhausted.  The  Seventh  Wisconsin  boys 
told  me  themselves  that  they  furnished  him  with  a gun  and  ammunition  of  one  of 
their  comrades  that  had  been  wounded  and  carried  from  the  field,  and  that  John 
Burns  participated  in  the  fight  until  he  was  wounded  himself.  His  wound  was 
not  serious,  and  he  shouldered  his  old  flint  lock  musket  and  worked  his  way  home. 
The  little  humble  cottage  still  stands  at  the  west  end  of  the  street,  now  called 
Main  street,  at  the  time  of  the  battle  Chambersburg  street,  and  his  old  flint  lock 
gun  can  be  seen  at  Harrisburg,  in  the  Capitol  Building.  He  was  68  years  old  at 
the  time,  and  lived  to  be  78  years  old.  In  reaching  the  field  of  battle  he  came 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


56 


first  to  the  150th  Pennsylvania  Regiment ; the  colonel’s  attention  was  called  to  it 
by  some  of  the  boys,  and  the  colonel  approached  him,  saying  “Old  man  where 
are  you  going.”  His  reply  was  “I  came  out  to  help  fight  the  rebels.”  He  sized 
him  up  and  then  said  “Why  you  have  no  ammunition  to  fight  with  that  gun.”  “Oh 
yes”  he  said,  and  placing  his  hand  upon  his  pocket  said  he  had  the  bullets  in 
there.  The  arrangement  for  the  powder  was  a large  cow  horn  with  a cord  tied 
at  each  end  of  it,  and  flung  on  his  shoulder.  This  made  him  a peculiar  looking 
soldier,  and  no  doubt  was  quite  an  attraction.  The  colonel  advised  him  to  go 
over  in  the  woods  as  it  would  not  be  so  dangerous  there.  His  reply  was,  “Well  I 
suppose  if  you  can  stay  here,  I can  too.”  But  the  colonel  insisted  on  his  going, 
which  he  finally  did,  and  joined  the  7th  Wisconsin  boys.  He  was  a good  marks- 
man and  undoubtedly  made  his  work  count. 

Marker  of  the  14th  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  Lost  227. 

John  Burns’  monument. 

Marker  of  the  95th  N.  Y. 

150th  Pennsylvania — Col.  Langhorne  Wister,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  397;  lost  264. 

149th  Pennsylvania — Lieut.-Col.  Walton  Dwight,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  450;  lost  336. 

General  Buford’s  monument  on  the  left  of  the  Chambersburg  pike,  erected  and 
dedicated  July  1st,  1895,  surrounded  with  the  four  guns  that  opened  the  battle. 
The  gun  with  brass  plate  on  it  is  the  gun  that  fired  the  opening  shot.  Two  miles 
west  from  the  Buford  statue  is  Ihe  advanced  marker  of  the  Union  Cavalry. 


Califf’s  Battery  A,  2d  U.  S.,  Lost  12. 

2d  Maine  Light  Battery  B — James  A.  Hall,  Commanding,  Lost  20. 

143d  Pennsylvania — Col.  Edmund  L.  Dana,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  465 ; lost  253. 
12th  Illinois  Cavalry — Col.  George  H.  Chapman,  Commanding,  Lost  20. 
95th  New  York — Col.  George  H.  Biddle,  Commanding.  Lost  115. 

6th  Wisconsin — Lieut.-Col.  Rufus  R.  Dawes,  Commanding,  Lost  168. 

14th  Brooklyn  or  84th  New  York — Col.  Edward  B.  Fowler,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  356;  lost  217.' 

3d  Indiana  Cavalry— Col.  George  H.  Chapman,  Commanding,  Lost  32. 


(Were  dismounted  holding  the  Confederates  in  check.) 

147th  New  York— Col.  Francis  C.  Miller,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  380;  lost  301. 

56th  Pennsylvania— Col.  O.  W-illiam  Hofmann,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  252;  lost  130. 

(This  is  the  Infantry  Regiment  that  claims  the  opening  of  the  battle.) 

76th  New  York— Andrew  J.  Grover,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  348;  lost  234. 


3d  West  Virginia  Cavalry— S.  B.  Conger,  Commanding,  Lost  4- 

6th  New  York  Cavalry— William  E.  Beardsley,  Commanding,  Lost  22. 

9th  New  York  Cavalry— Col.  William  Sackett,  Commanding,  Lost  II. 

17th  Pennsylvania— Col.  J.  H.  Kellogg,  Commanding,  Lost  4. 

•90th  Pennsylvania— Col.  Peter  Lyle,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  208;  lost  94. 
1 2th  Massachusetts— Col.  James  L.  Bates,  Commanding,  Lost  119. 


THE  BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


57 


88th  Pennsylvania — Maj.  Benezet  F.  Foust,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  296;  lost  no. 

83d  New  York — Lieut.-Col.  Joseph  A.  Moesch,  Commanding,  Lost  82. 

97th  New  York — Col.  Charles  Weelock,  Commanding,  Lost  126. 

nth  Pennsylvania — Col.  Richard  Coulter,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  292;  lost  132. 

107th  Pennsylvania — Col.  James  MacThomson,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  255 ; lost  165. 

16th  Maine — Col.  Charles  W.  Fidler,  Commanding. 

Brought  into  action,  25  officers  and  250  men.  They  were  sent  to  the  extreme 
right  of  the  First  corps  at  the  Mummasburg  road,  where  they  are  marked  with  a 
tablet,  and  lost  all  their  men  but  43.  Total  number  lost,  232. 

94th  New  York — Col.  Adrian  R.  Root,  Commanding,  Lost  245. 

104th  New  York — Col.  Gilbert  G.  Prey,  Commanding,  Lost  194. 

13th  Massachusetts — Col.  Samuel  H.  Leonard,  Commanding,  Lost  185. 

The  losses,  killed,  wounded  and  missing,  of  the  First  corps  in  the  battle  of 
Gettysburg  were  greater  than  any  other  of  the  corps  engaged.  Officers  killed, 
was  42 ; enlisted  men,  552.  Officers  wounded,  257 ; enlisted  men,  2,952.  Captured 
or  missing,  officers,  82;  enlisted  men,  2,140.  Total  loss  at  Gettysburg  was  6,025. 

This  completes  the  organizations  that  are  marked  as  in  action  on  the  first  day. 
Reaching  the  battle-field  under  the  command  of  Maj.  Gen.  Abner  Doubleday. 
After  the  falling  of  General  John  F.  Reynolds,  Doubleday  taking  command  of  the 
field,  placed  Maj.  Gen.  John  Newto.n  in  command  of  the  First  corps. 

The  next  represented  will  be  the  Eleventh  corps  troops,  the  organizations  as 
they  were  placed  in  action  under  the  command  of  Maj.  Gen.  O.  O.  Howard.  The 
first  tablet,  representing  the  157th  New  York  regiment,  is  a marker  erected  by  the 
survivors  of  the  regiment  themselves.  Their  state,  monument  will  be  seen  near 
the  Carlisle  road.  Their  loss  in  action  was  307. 

45th  New  York — Col.  George  Von  Amsberg,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  375;  lost  210. 

74th  Pennsylvania — Col.  Adolph  Von  Hartung,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  381 ; lost  102. 

6, 1st  Ohio — Col.  Stephen  J.  McGroarty,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  309;  lost  54. 

1st  Ohio  Light  Battery  1 — Capt.  Plubert  Dilger,  Commanding,  Lost  13. 

13th  New  York  Battery — Lieut.  William  Wheeler,  Commanding,  Lost  11. 

82d  Illinois — Lieut.  Col.  Edward  S.  Solomon,  Commanding,  Lost  112. 

157th  New  York — Col.  Philip  P.  Brown,  Jr.,  Commanding,  Lost  307. 

119th  New  York — Col.  John  T.  Lockman,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  300;  lost  140. 

82d  Ohio — Col.  James  S.  Robinson,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  258;  lost  181. 

75th  Pennsylvania — Col.  Francis  Marler,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  258;  lost  in. 

26th  Wisconsin — Lieut.  Col.  Hans  Boebel,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  516;  lost  217. 

58th  New  York — Lieut.  Col.  August  Otto,  Commanding,  Lost  20. 

107th  Ohio — Col.  Seraphim  Meyer,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  480;  lost  21 1. 


58 


THE  BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


25th  Ohio — Lieut.  Col.  Jeremiah  Williams,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  220;  lost  183. 

75th  Ohio — Col.  Andrew  L.  Harris,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  269;  lost  186. 

17th  Connecticut — Lieut.  Col.  Douglas  Fowler,  Commanding,  Lost  197. 

4th  United  States  Battery  G — Lieut.  Bayard  Wilkeson,  Commanding,  Lost  17. 

153d  Pennsylvania — Major  John  Frueauff,  Commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  569;  lost  211. 

27th  Pennsylvania — Lieut.  Col.  Lorentz  Cantador,  Commanding,  Lost  III. 

154th  New  York — Lieut.  Col.  D.  B.  Allen,  Commanding,  Lost  200. 

1st  Ohio — Light  Battery  K — Capt  Lewis  Heckman,  Commanding,  Lost  15. 

This  completes  the  organizations  in  action  on  the  first  day,  of  the  Eleventh 
corps,  commanded  by  Major  General  Oliver  O.  Howard,  composed  of  three  divi- 
sions. Their  losses  at  Gettysburg  were:  Officers  killed,  33;  enlisted  men,  335; 
officers  wounded,  120;  enlisted  men,  1,802;  officers  captured  or  missing,  62;  en-> 
listed  men,  1,449.  Their  total  loss  at  Gettysburg,  3,801. 

The  one  hundred  and  fifty-fourth  N.  Y.  Regiment  had  captured  in  the  retreat 
from  the  east  end  of  Gettysburg  to  Cemetery  Hill,  178  men.  Amos  Humiston,  an 
Orderly  Sergeant  in  the  one  hundred  and  fifty-fourth  New  York  Regiment,  was 
mortally  wounded  and  died  on  the  field  and  was  found  after  the  battle  was  over, 
and  in  his  hand  was  an  ambrotype  picture  of  three  children  upon  whose  faces  his 
last  look  had  been  fixed,  and  on  which  his  sightless  eyes  were  still  directed.  He 
was  buried  without  being  identified,  but  copies  of  the  picture  were  made  and 
widely  circulated  through  the  North,  one  of  which  reached  Cattaraugus  county, 
N.  Y.,  where  the  faces  were  recognized  as  the  children  of  Amos  Humiston.  This 
man  was  a typical  American  soldier.  In  battle  daring  and  brave,  in  death  tender 
and  true. 

During  the  interval  between  the  death  of  General  Reynolds  and  the  arrival  of 
General  Hancock,  on  the  afternoon  of  July  1st,  all  the  troops  on  the  field  of  battle 
were  commanded  by  General  Howard,  General  Schurz  taking  command  of  the 
Eleventh  Corps,  and  General  Schimmelfennig,  of  the  Third  division. 

Next  in  order  will  be  the  organizations  as  marked  with  monuments  and  tablets 
on  second  and  third  days,  describing  where  each  monument  can  be  found  that 
cannot  be  seen  on  the  drives  along  the  main  avenues.  The  first  given  will  be 
those  along  the  Taneytown  road,  scattered  as  much  as  three  miles  southward, 
requiring  a separate  drive ; but  few  of  them  can  be  seen  from  the  main  driveways. 
The  first  one  stands  where  the  Emmittsburg  and  Taneytown  roads  come  together 
south  of  town,  the  latter  one  being  the  left  hand  road  from  which  those  monu- 
ments can  be  found.  The  55th  Ohio  is  the  first,  commanded  by  Col.  Charles  B. 
Gambee,  lost  49 ; next  73d  Ohio,  Lieut.  Col.  Richard  Long,  commanding,  brought 
into  action,  338 ; lost  145. 

136th  New  York — Col.  James  Wood,  Jr.,  Commanding,  Lost  109. 

3d  New  York  Light  Battery— Capt.  William  A.  Horn,  Commanding. 

6th  New  York — Capt.  Joseph  W.  Martin,  Commanding,  Lost  1. 

On  the  same  road  is  the  little  old  weatherboarded  house  used  by  General 
Meade,  the  Chief  Commander  of  the  Federal  Army  as  his  headquarters,  until  the 
cannon  balls  and  shells  began  to  pierce  it,  when  he  was  obliged  to  abandon  it, 
and  move  his  headquarters  to  the  woods  south  of  it,  known  at  that  time  as  the 
Cazatt  woods.  Along  the  same  road  on  the  left  hand  side,  in  the  yard  near  the 


EA5T 


[Photo  hy  J I-  Mumper.] 

. JOHN  BURNS’  HOUSE  IN  CENTER  BACKGROUND 


26TH  EMERGENCY  MONUMENT. 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


59 


house,  now  floats  the  stars  and  stripes  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet  in  the  air, 
erected  by  the  Loyal  Legion  Association,  October  5th,  1893.  Also  near  the  build- 
ing is  marked  the  93d  New  York  on  Provost  Guard  Duty,  Col.  John  S.  Croker, 
commanding.  On  the  west  side  of  the  house  is  marked  companies  E and  I of  the 
6th  Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  Capt.  James  Star,  commanding,  and  just  a little  farther 
west  is  marked  with  a monument,  the  2d  Pennsylvania  Cavalry;  lost  17.  Further 
south  on  the  road  is  marked  the  1st  Ohio  Cavalry,  companies  A and  G,  Capt. 
Noah  Jones,  commanding.  6th  Ohio,  Major  William  Stedman,  commanding. 


Williston’s  Battery  D,  2d  U.  S.  Artillery  on  the  farm  owned  by  Swisher  at  the 
time  of  the  battle,  and  is  now  owned  by  Christopher  Young.  And  by  continuing 
on  out  the  road  you  come  to  Russell’s  and  Grant’s  brigades  of  the  6th  Corps,  due 
east  of  the  Big  Round  Top,  guarding  any  flank  movement  on  the  Federal  left  at 
Big  Round  Top.  Neill’s  brigade  of  the  Sixth  corps  will  be  found  on  the  Federal 
right.  The  77th  New  York  is  marked  on  Powers’  Hill  guarding  the  headquarters 
of  General  Slocum,  the  other  four  regiments  are  marked  on  Wolf  Hill,  due  east 
of  Culp’s  Hill.  Shaler’s  brigade  of  the  6th  corps  was  sent  to  Culp’s  Hill  in  sup- 
port of  General  Geary’s  division  of  the  12th  corps.  Bartlett’s  and  Nevin’s  bri- 
gades will  be  found  marked  on  the  northern  slope  of  Little  Round  Top,  with 
their  right  resting  near  the  Francis  Althoff  buildings,  at  the  time  of  the  battle 
owned  by  John  T.  Weikert.  They  assisted  in  checking  the  Confederates  when 
trying  to  come  through  at  that  point  on  the  evening  of  the  second,  after  march- 
ing as  they  claim  36  miles  that  day.  This  will  give  the  reader  an  idea  of  the  posi- 
tions of  the  Sixth  corps,  and  the  manner  in  which  they  were  scattered  on  this 
battle-field,  and  perhaps  will  answer  the  question  often  asked  me  by  tourists  going 
ever  this  field,  “Why  General  Meade  did  not  use  the  Sixth  corps  and  follow  up 
Pickett’s  division  on  the  third  day  in  their  retreat.”  Many  have  the  idea  that 
the  Sixth  corps  did  nothing  in  this  battle,  but  that  is  a mistaken  idea ; the  Sixth 
was  marched  almost  to  death  to  get  here,  and  was  used  on  the  right  and  left,  and 
being  scattered  as  they  were,  it  was  impossible  for  General  Meade  to  have  used 
them  to  any  advantage  on  the  third  day. 

The  119th  Pennsylvania  stands  nearest  the  Taneytown  road,  Col.  Peter  C. 
Ellmaker,  Commanding.  Lost  2. 

6th  Maine — Col.  Pliram  Burham,  Commanding. 

49th  Pennsylvania,  four  companies — Lieut.  Col.  Thomas  M.  Hulings,  Com- 
manding. 

5th  Wisconsin — Col.  Thomas  S.  Allen,  Commanding. 

Col.  Lewis  A.  Grant’s  brigade  has  only  one  monument,  with  a large  lion  on 
it.  It  represents  these  five  regiments : 

2d  Vermont — Col.  H.  Walbridge,  commanding. 

3d  “ Col.  Thomas  O.  Seaver,  commanding. 

4th  “ Col.  Charles  B.  Stoughton,  commanding. 

5th  “ Lieut.  Col.  John  R.  Lewis,  commanding 

‘ 6th  “ Col.  Elisha  L.  Barney,  commanding. 


The  losses  of  the  Sixth  corps  was  less  than  any  of  the  seven  infantry  corps  at 
Gettysburg.  Officers  killed,  2 ; enlisted  men,  25 ; officers  wounded,  14 ; enlisted 
men,  17 1 ; captured  or  missing,  enlisted  men,  30.  Total  loss  at  Gettysburg  of  the 
corps,' 242.  Not  more  than  10  of  these  Sixth  corps  monuments  can  be  seen  from 
the  driveway,  as  tourists  are  taken  over  the  battle-field.  Special  drives  are  re- 
quired to  see  them,  as  they  are  very  much  scattered. 


6o 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


The  scattered  monuments  along  the  Emmittsburg  road  to  the  Third  corps  line, 
continued  with  the  line  of  the  Third  corps  monuments  to  the  Peach  Orchard, 
including  those  that  can  be  seen  at  a distance  on  the  right  and  left  of  the  road, 
and  a few  markers  that  cannot  be  seen  by  turning  at  the  Peach  Orchard  toward 
the  Round  Top.  I refer  to  the -6th  Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  known  as  the  Lancers. 
Graham’s  battery  K,  ist  United  States,  July  3d.  Cavalry  corps  Second  United 
States  cavalry,  reserve  brigade,  ist  division  cavalry  corps,  July  ^d,  1863,  ist 
United  States  cavalry,  reserve  brigade  ist  division  cavalry  corps,  July  3,  1863, 
detachments  ist  and  2d  United  States  cavalry,  reserve  brigade,  ist  division  cav- 
alry corps,  July  3d,  1863.  Also  the  stone  marker  of  the  left  of  the  6th  Pennsyl- 
vania cavalry.  The  6th  Pennsylvania  cavalry  monument  is  the  only  one  out  the 
road  beyond  the  Peach  Orchard.  The  United  States  troops  have  no  monuments 
and  are  marked  with  iron  posts  with  boards  on  top.  All  those  will  be  found  two 
miles  south  of  the  Peach  Orchard,  some  on  the  left  and  the  others  on  the  right  of 
the  Emmittsburg  road. 

The  6th  Pennsylvania  cavalry,  Maj.  James  H.  Haseltine,  commanding.  Num- 
ber engaged  365,  killed  3,  wounded  7,  missing  2 ; total  loss  12. 

I will  now  begin  with  the  organizations  as  marked  along  the  Emmittsburg 
road  to  the  Peach  Orchard:  thence  to  what  is  termed  the  Loop,  Wheatfield, 
Devil’s  Den,  and  the  Valley  of  Death.  Then  the  line  from  the  top  of  Big  Round 
Top  to  Little  Round  Top,  from  thence  along  the  main  line  established  on  the 
night  of  the  second,  to  what  is  known  as  the  High-water  Mark  of  the  rebellion, 
where  it  closed  on  the  third  day.  Continuing  from  there  to  the  cemetery,  next 
Cemetery  Heights,  then  Culp’s  Hill,  including  Power’s  Hill,  where  General  Slo- 
cum, the  commander  of  the  right  wing  of  the  Federal  Army,  during  the  battle  of 
Gettysburg  had  his  headquarters,  and  last  of  all  the  monuments,  marking  the 
cavalry  fight  between  General  Gregg’s  Federal  cavalry  and  General  Stuart’s  cav- 
alry of  the  Confederate  army,  which  can  be  found  four  miles  down  the  Hanover 
road,  due  east  of  Gettysburg. 

The  first  tablet  along  the  Emmittsburg  road  after  leaving  Gettysburg,  going 
southward  will  be  the  tablet  on  the  left  hand  side,  marking  two  companies  of 
the  4th  Ohio  regiment,  sent  down  from  the  main  line  establishing  an  advanced 
skirmish  line,  G and  I.  Next  is  a monument  marking  the 
8th  Ohio — Lieut.  Col.  Franklin  Sawyer,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  209 ; lost  102. 

Next  on  the  left  of  the  road  can  be  seen  the  monument  marking  where  Col. 
Ward  of  the  15th  Massachusetts  regiment  was  killed  on  the  skirmish  line.  Next 
at  the  left  of  the  road,  106th  Pennsylvania,  near  the  Codori  building,  a marker 
of  the  2d  Rhode  Island  Volunteers  on  the  right  of  the  road,  who  skirmished  at 
that  point  on  July  4th.  Next  begins  the  Third  corps  line,  commanded  by  General 
Sickles.  The  right  of  the  second  division  commanded  by  Brig.  Gen.  Andrew  A. 
Humphreys. 

26th  Pennsylvania — Maj.  Robert  L.  Bodine,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  385 ; lost  213. 
ist  Massachusetts — Lieut.  Col.  Clark  B.  Baldwin,  commanding,  Lost  122. 
nth  Massachusetts — Lieut.  Col.  Porter  D.  Tripp,  commanding.  Lost  129. 

Wisconsin  sharpshooters  company,  G.  Berdans,  position  held  by  the  company 
200  yards  in  advance  of  the  monument. 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


6l 

' 3d  United  States,  batteries  F and  K — Lieut.  John  G.  Turnbull,  commanding, 

Lost  24. 

5th  New  Jersey — Col.  William  J.  Sewell,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  188;  lost  94. 

16th  Massachusetts — Lieut.  Col.  Waldo  Merriam,  commanding,  Lost  81. 

The  small  tablet  on  the  avenue  to  the  left  marks  the  3d  brigade,  3d  division, 
2d  corps,  which  was  conducted  by  General  Hancock  at  7 p.  m.  July  2d,  1863,  from 
near  Zeigler’s  grove,  to  the  rear  of  a bushy  swale,  along  Plum  Run.  The  39th 
New  York,  commanded  by  Maj.  Hugo  Hildebrand,  faced  to  left  guard  against 
a flank  and  rear  attack.  The  125th  New  Y©rk,  commanded  by  Eliakim  Sherrill 
in  the  centre,  and  the  mth  New  York,  commanded  by  Col.  C.  D.  MacDougal  on 
the  right,  and  charged  the  13th,  17th  and  18th  Mississippi  regiments  of  Barksdale 
brigade  of  Confederates,  who  had  passed  through  Sickle’s  Third  corps  line  to 
the  swale,  near  Plum  Run,  where  Barksdale  was  mortally  wounded,  fell  in  pos- 
session of  the  Union  forces  and  died.  His  body  was  taken  to  the  rear  of  the 
Second  corps  line  and  buried  in  the  yard  at  Hummelbaugh’s,  near  the  Taneytown 
road,  where  he  remained  for  a few  days  until  the  railroad  was  repaired,  his  body 
was  then  taken  up  and  sent  south  to  his  people  by  a friend  who  was  a school- 
mate of  his  at  West  Point,  and  was  one  of  General  Meade’s  staff  officers  in  the 
battle  of  Gettysburg.  General  Barksdale  had  received  a slight  wound  previous 
to  this  in  the  charge  on  the  Third  corps  line  near  the  Sherfy  barn  along  the 
Emmittsburg  road,  but  remained  in  his  saddle  till  he  succeeded  in  passing 
through  the  Third  corps  line,  almost  reaching  Hancock’s  Second  corps  line,  where 
the  Confederates  were  overpowered  by  the  Second  corps  troops  and  were  obliged 
to  fall  back.  The  artillery  fire  from  the  Confederates  then  became  very  severe, 
and  the  Third  brigade  of  the  Second  corps  fell  back  to  the  swale,  where  Col. 
George  L.  Willard  was  killed.  After  being  relieved  at  dark  the  brigade  returned 
to  near  its  former  position  on  Cemetery  Ridge. 

12th  New  Hampshire — Capt.  John  F.  Langley,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  224;  lost  99. 

nth  New  Jersey — Col.  Robert  McAllister,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  275 ; lost  152. 

By  looking  due  westward  from  this  point  can  be  seen  in  the  woods  on  Seminary 
Ridge  two  monuments,  1st  U.  S.  sharpshooters,  Berdan’s,  companies  A,  B,  D and 
H,  had  four  New  York  companies  in,  one  hundred  in  number,  losing  19;  also 
engaged  at  Peach  Orchard,  losing  in  all  49.  1st  U.  S.  sharpshooters  organized  in 
Vermont,  present  for  duty  44,  losing  5.  Also  a marker  of  3d  Maine  Infantry, 
forenoon  July  2d,  1863. 

4th  United  States  Battery — Lieut.  Francis  W.  Seely,  commanding,  Lost  25. 

120th  New  York  can  be  seen  from  this  point  along  the  avenue  leading  south  to 
the  left  of  this  road.  Also  the  Excelsior  brigade  monument,  composed  of  five, 
regiments.  It  will  be  better  to  see  the  monument  which  includes  the  five  regi- 
ments, after  you  turn  to  the  left  at  the  Peach  Orchard  as  it  is  nearer  the  Round 
Top  road  than  the  Emmittsburg  road.  It  has  five  columns,  and1  on  the  inside  a 
place  prepared  for  a bust  of  General  Sickles.  It  is  the  Second  brigade,  Col. 
William  R.  Brewster,  commanding,  composed  of  six  regiments. 

120th  New  York — Lieut.  Col.  Cornelius  D.  Westbrook,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  427;  lost  204. 

70th  New  York— Gol.  J.  Egbert  Farnum,  commanding,  Lost  117. 


62 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


71st  New  York — Col.  Henry  L.  Potter,  commanding,  Lost  91. 

72d  New  York — Col.  John  S.  Austin,  commanding,  Lost  116. 

73d  New  York — Maj..  Michael  U.  Burns,  commanding,  Lost  162. 

74th  New  York — Lieut.  Col.  Thomas  Holt,  commanding,  Lost  89. 

105th  Pennsylvania — Col.  Calvin  A.  Craig,  commanding, 

(Wildcat  regiment)  Brought  into  action,  274;  lost  132. 

57th  Pennsylvania,  8 companies — Col.  Peter  Sides,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  $0 7;  lost  1 15. 
114th  Pennsylvania — Lieut.  Col.  Fred’k  F.  Cavada,  commanding,  Lost  95. 
1st  Rhode  Island  Light  Artillery,  Randolph’s  battery  E, 

Lieut.  John  K.  Bucklin,  commanding,  Lost  29. 

63d  Pennsylvania — Maj.  John  A.  Danks,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  295 ; lost  34. 
A tablet  of  68th  Pennsylvania,  marking  their  advanced  position  at  the  south- 
west corner  of  the  Peach  Orchard.  Two  miles  south  of  the  Peach  Orchard  on 
left  of  the  Emmittsburg  road  will  be  found  the  6th  Pennsylvania  cavalry,  called 
the  Lancers.  Also  a little  farther  on  may  be  found  1st,  2d  and  5th  U.  S.  Cavalry 
and  Battery  K,  1st  U.  S.  Horse  Artillery.  In  the  Peach  Orchard  will  be  found 
the  2d  New  Hampshire,  the  3d  Maine  infantry,  and  the  3d  Michigan. 

68th  Pennsylvania — Col.  Andrew. H.  Tippin,  commanding,  Lost  152. 

20.  (New  Hampshire — Col.  Edward  L.  Baily,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  354;  lost  193. 
3d  Maine — Col.  Moses  B.  Lakeman,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  210;  lost  122. 
3d  Michigan — Col.  Byron  R.  Pierce,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  286;  lost  45. 
1st  New  York  Light  Battery  G — Capt.  Nelson  Ames,  commanding,  Lost  7. 
Pennsylvania  Light  Batteries  C and  F, 

Capt  James  Thompson,  commanding,  Lost  28. 

Hampton’s  Battery  F,  Pennsylvania  Light  Artillery. 

On  the  left  side  of  the  road  is  the  state  monument  of  68th  Pennsylvania. 

141st  Pennsylvania — Col.  Henry  J.  Madill,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  209;  lost  149. 
15th  New  York  Light  Battery — Captain  Patrick  Hart,  commanding,  Lost  16. 
7th  New  Jersey — Col.  Louis  R.  Francine,  commanding,  Lost  114. 

Clark’s  battery  B,  1st  New  Jersey  Light  Artillery,  Lost  20. 

The  small  tablet  with  a cross  marks  the  advanced  position  of  the  139th  Penn- 
sylvania of  .the  Sixth  corps,  which  I will  speak  of  later  when  I give  the  position 
of  the  state  monument,  which  can  be  found  due  east  of  the  Wheatfield  near  the 
north  slope  of  the  Little  Round  Top. 

10th  New  York  Independent  Battery  Light  Artillery,  attached  to  5th  Mass. 
5th  Massachusetts  Light  Battery  E — Capt.  Charles  A.  Phillips,  commanding, 

Lost  21. 

9th  Massachusetts  Battery — Capt.  John  Bigelow,  commanding, 

Lost  80  of  their  horses  out  of  88,  and  28  men. 
Tourists  must  now  leave  the  Round  Top  road  and  take  the  avenue  that  goes 
to  the  right.  Coming  next  to  what  is  termed  the  Loop,  in  history,  and  then  the 
Wheatfield.  In  nearing  the  Loop  on  the  left  side  of  the  avenue,  is  the  tablet 


VIEW  FROM  LITTLE  ROUND  TOP  SHOWING  WARREN  S STATUE  LOOKING  TO  WHEATFIELD  AND  EMMITSBURG  ROAD-  [Photo  by  J I Mumper  ] 


VIEW  FROM  TOWER  ON  HANCOCK  AVENUE,  SHOWS  THE  ANGLE.  HIGH  WATER  MARK  AND  ROUND  TOP-  [Photo  by  J I Mumper  ] 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG.  63 

erected  by  the  survivors  of  the  140th  Pennsylvania,  and  one  hundred  yards  to 
the  right  is  their  state  monument. 

116th  Pennsylvania — Maj.  St.  Clair  A.  Mulholland,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  142;  lost  37. 

18th  Massachusetts — Col.  Joseph  Hayes,  commanding,  Lost  27. 

140th  Pennsylvania — Col.  Richard  P.  Roberts,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  589;  lost  241. 

118th  Pennsylvania — Lieut.  Col.  James  Gwynn,  commanding, 

(corn  exchange)  Brought  into  action,  332 ; lost  25. 

1st  Michigan — Col.  Ira  C.  Abbott,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  261 ; lost  42. 

22d  Massachusetts — Lieut.  Col.  Thos.  Sherwin,  Jr.,  commanding,  Lost  31. 

' 2d  Company  Andrew  sharpshooters,  Massachusetts  volunteers. 

32  d Massachusetts — Col.  G.  L.  Prescott,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  227;  lost  78. 

One  hundred  and  fifty  yards  to  the  right  is  the  monument  marking  the 

noth  Pennsylvania— Lieut.  Col.  David  M.  Jones,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  152;  lost  53. 

28th  Massachusetts — Col.  Rich’d  Byrnes,  commanding, 

- Brought  into  action,  220;  lost  101. 

52d  New  York — Lieut.  Col.  C.  G.  Frudenberg,  commanding,  Lost  38. 

66th  New  York — Col.  Orlando  H.  Morris,  commanding,  Lost  44. 

Tourists  should  see  the  other  side  of  this  monument,  it  contains  a Union  and  a 
Confederate  soldier  on  a bronze  plate.  The  Confederate  is  wounded  in  his  left 
arm  and  is  carrying  it  in  a sling,  and  the  Union  soldier  is  giving  him  a drink 
from  out  of  a canteen. 

5th  Michigan — Lieut.  Col.  John  Pulford,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  283;  lost  109. 

Irish  brigade  ‘monument  on  the  right,  three  regiments  included  63d,  69th  and 
88th  New  York. 

63d  New  York — Lieut.  Col.  Richard  C.  Bentley,  commanding,  Lost  23. 

69th  New  York — Capt.  Richard  Moroney,  commanding,  Lost  25. 

88th  New  York — Capt.  Dennis  F.  Burke,  commanding,  Lost  28. 

This  completes  the  regimental  markers  to  the  Wheatfield.  The  first  one  to 
left  is  the 

57th  New  York — Lieut.  Col.  Alford  B.  Chapman,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  175 ; lost  34. 

The  organization  as  marked  on  the  right  of  avenue  through  the  Wheatfield 
will  be  named  first,  in  driving  from  the  Peach  Orchard  toward  Round  Top,  the 
monuments  being  scattered  very  much,  but  nearly  all  can  be  seen  from  the 
driveway.  The  first  one  to  the  right  is  the 

8th  New  Jersey — Col.  John  Ramsay,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  170;  lost  47. 

A few  hundred  yards  due  south  from  this  point  in  the  woods,  on  the  high 
ground  known  now  as  the  Wible  woods,  at  the  time  of  battle  was  owned  by  the 
Rose  family  from  Germantown,  Philadelphia,  can  be  seen  from  the  avenue  the 
four  monuments  marking  Brooks’  brigade  of  the  Second  corps,  the  Second  Dela- 
ware, belonging  to  the  same  brigade  can  be  seen  on  the  north  side  of  th,e  Wheat- 
field,  from  the  driveway  passing  through  the  Wheatfield.  The  brigade  was  com- 


6 4 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


posed  of  four  regiments,  the  145th  and  53d  Pennsylvania,  64th  New  York,  and 
27th  Connecticut.  On  the  right  in  the  woods 

145th  Pennsylvania — Col.  Hiram  L.  Brown,  commanding. 

Engaged  228;  lost  90. 

27th  Connecticut — Lieut.  Col.  Henry  C.  Mervin,  commanding,  Lost  37. 

53d  Pennsylvania — Lieut.  Col.  Richard  McMichael,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  135;  lost  80. 

64th  New  York — Col.  Daniel  G.  Bingham,  commanding,  Lost  98. 

115th  Pennsylvania — Maj.  John  P.  Dunne,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  182;  lost  24. 

17th  Maine — Lieut.  Col.  Charles  B.  Merrill,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  350;  lost  130. 

62d 'Pennsylvania — Lieut.  Col.  James  C.  Hull,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  426;  lost  175. 

4th  Michigan — Col.  H.  Jeffords,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  403 ; lost  165. 

This  includes  all  on  the  right  of  avenue  in  the  Wheatfield.  The  next  ones 
represented  will  be  those  on  the  left  of  avenue,  including  everything  in  the  Wheat- 
field,  even  the  two  brigades  of  the  Sixth  corps  that  claim  a march  of  36  miles, 
which  formed  a line  east  of  Plum  Run  and  the  Wheatfield.  The  Pennsylvania 
reserves  that  are  marked  in  the  Wheatfield,  and  the  iron  tablets  marking  the 
United  States  troops  which  can  be  found  in  the  woods  just  after  leaving  the 
Wheatfield  on  the  left  hand  side  of  the  avenue  leading  towards  the  Devil’s  Den. 
The  first  one  after  passing  the  57th  New  York  on  avenue  in  reaching  Wheatfield 
is  a small  shaft,  quite  a distance  to  the  left  near  the  road  leading  from  the  Peach 
Orchard  towards  Round  Top,  erected  in  memory  of  Samuel  Kosciwsko  Zook, 
Brevet  Major  General  U.  S.  Volunteers,  who  fell  mortally  wounded,  leading 
his  command  into  the  Wheatfield.  Erected  by  Gen.  Zook  Post  11,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
Norristown,  Pa.,  July  25,  1882. 

1st  New  York  Light  Battery  D — Capt.  Geo.  B.  Winslow,  commanding, 

Lost  18. 

2d  Delaware — Col.  William  P.  Baily,  commanding,  Lost  84. 

27th  Connecticut  Volunteers — Lieut.  Col.  Henry  C.  Mervin,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  75 ; lost  38. 

61st  New  York — Lieut.  Col.  K.  Oscar  Broady,  commanding,  Lost  62. 

81  st  Pennsylvania — Col.  Amos  Stroh,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  175;  lost  62. 

148th  Pennsylvania — Lieut.  Col.  Robert  McFarlane,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  468 ; lost  125. 

2d  Pennsylvania  reserves,  31st  infantry — Lieut.  Col.  George  A.  Woodward, 
commanding.  Brought  into  action,  273;  lost  37.' 

1st  Pennsylvania  reserves,  30th  infantry — Col.  William  C.  Talley,  com- 
. manding,  Brought  into  action,  444;  lost  46. 

nth  Pennsylvania  reserves,  40th  infantry — Col.  Samuel  M.  Jackson,  com- 
manding, Brought  into  action,  392;  lost  40. 

6th  Pennsylvania  reserves,  35th  infantry — Lieut.  Col.  Wellington  H.  Ent, 
commanding,  Brought  into  action,  380;  lost  24. 

The  next  represented  will  be  the  two  brigades  of  the  Sixth  corps  who  formed 
their  line  east  of  Plum  Run,  on  the  property  owned  by  John  T.  Weikert  at  the 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG.  65 

time  of  the  battle,  with  their  left  resting  on  the  northern  slope  of  little  Round 
Top. 

3d  Massachusetts  light  battery  C — Lieut.  Aaron  F.  Walcott,  commanding. 

Lost  6. 

139th  Pennsylvania — Col.  Frederick  H.  Collier,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  51 1;  lost  20. 

93d  Pennsylvania — /Maj.  John  I.  Nevin,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  270;  lost  II. 

62d  New  York — Col.  David  J.  Nevin,  commanding,  charged  the  enemy  and 
recaptured  two  guns,  Lost  12 

i02d  Pennsylvania  regiment,  103  reaching  Gettysburg  with  supply  train  on 
morning  of  July  3d,  the  rest  of  regiment  picketing  roads  from  West- 
minster to  Gettysburg,  Col.  John  W.  Patterson,  commanding. 


98th  Pennsylvania — Maj.  John  B.  Kohler,  commanding,  Lost  11. 

96th  Pennsylvania — Maj.  William  H.  Lessig,  commanding,  Lost  1 

95th  Pennsylvania — Lieut.  Col.  Edward  Carroll,  commanding,  Lost  2. 
2d  U.  S.  Infantry,  5th  corps — Maj.  Arthur  T.  Lee,  commanding,  Lost  67. 


7th  U.  S.  infantry,  5th  corps — Capt.  David  P.  Hancock,  commanding,  Lost  59. 
13th  Pennsylvania  reserves,  1st  rifles,  42d  infantry — Col.  Charles  F.  Taylor, 
commanding,  Brought  into  action,  349;  lost  48. 

3d  U.  S.  infantry,  5th  corps — Capt.  Henry  W.  Freedley,  commanding, 

Lost  73. 

4th  U.  S.  infantry,  5th  corps — Capt.  Julius  W.  Adams,  commanding,  Lost  40. 
6th  U.  S.  infantry,  5th  corps — Capt.  Levi  C.  Bootes,  commanding,  Lost  44. 
12th  U.  S.  infantry,  5th  corps — Capt.  Thomas  S.  Dunn,  commanding, 

Lost  92. 

14th  U.  S.  infantry,  5th  corps — Maj.  Grotius  R.  Giddings,  commanding, 

Lost  132. 

17th  U.  S.  infantry,  5th  corps — Lieut.  Col.  J.  Durell  Greene,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  265;  lost  150. 
nth  U.  S.  infantry,  5th  corps — Maj.  DeLancey  Floyd  Jones,,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  261 ; lost  120. 

10th  U.  S.  infantry,  5th  corps — Capt.  William  Clinton,  commanding, 

Lost  51. 

5th  New  Hampshire — Col.  Edward  E.  Cross,  commanding,  fell  mortally 
wounded  on  this  spot,  July  2d,  1863. 

Brought  into  action,  182;  lost  81. 
20th  Indiana — Col.  John  Weeler,  commanding,  killed  nearby.  Lost  156. 
On  left  of  avenue,  a small  tablet  marking  the  left  of  Caldwell’s  division  of 
Second  corps. 

86th  New  York — Lieut.  Col.  Benjamin  L.  Higgins,  commanding,  Lost  66. 
124th  New  York — Col.  A.  Van  Horne  Ellis,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  238;  lost  92. 
99th  Pennsylvania — Maj.  John  W.  Moore,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  339;  lost  no. 
4th  New  York  Independent  Light  Battery — Capt.  James  E.  Smith,  com- 
manding, Lost  13. 

4th  Maine — Col.  Elija  Walker,  commanding,  Lost  116. 

40th  New  York — Col.  Thomas  W.  Egan,  commanding,  Lost  150. 


66 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSB  JRG. 


6th  New  Jersey — Lieut.  Col.  Stephen  R.  Gilkyson,  commanding,  Lost  41. 

A small  white  tablet  a few  hundred  yards  further  north,  up  the  Valley  of 
Death,  marks  the  spot  where  Col.  Fred.  Taylor  fell,  commanding  13th  Pennsyl- 
vania reserves.  This  includes  every  marker  from  Gettysburg  along  the  Em- 
mittsburg  road,  right  and  left,  to  Peach  Orchard ; from  thence  to  Loop,  Wheat- 
field,  Devil’s  Den,  Valley  of  Death,  between  the  Den  and  Little  Round  Top. 

Before  starting  on  the  main  line  from  highest  point  of  Big  Round  Top,  I will 
represent  the  scattered  organizations  that  can  be  found  south  and  west  of  Big 
Round  Top.  On  the  farm  owned  by  John  Slyder  at  the  time  of  the  battle,  along 
a private  road  that  leads  from  the  buildings  to  the  Emmittsburg  road,  can  be 
found  the  marker  of  Company  D,  Maine  volunteers,  2d  U.  S.  sharpshooters,  Maj. 
Homer  R.  Stoughton,  commanding,  July  2d,  killed  1,  wounded  5,  missing  5, 
total  loss  11.  Near  the  house  companies  E and  H,  2d  U.  S.  sharpshooters,  a 
large  hornets  nest  represented  on  the  monument..  I would  suppose  from  this  that 
they  got  among  the  hornets  by  going  over  there.  They  had  48  engaged,  wounded 
9,  missing  6,  total  loss  15.  1st  Vermont,  Lieut.  Col.  Addison  W.  Preston,  com- 
manding, of  Third  division  cavalry  corps  can  be  found  south-west  of  Big  Round 
Top,  near  the  Confederate  avenue  on  the  left  hand  side.  This  regiment  fought 
Stuart’s  cavalry  at  Hanover,  Pa.,  June  30th,  at  Hunterstown,  July  2d,  July  3d,  led 
by  General  Elon  J.  Farnsworth,  who  fell  near  this  spot,  charged  through  the  1st 
Texas  infantry  and  to  the  line  of  Law’s  brigade,  receiving  the  fire  of  five  Confed- 
erate regiments  and  two  batteries,  losing  67  men. 

18th  Pennsylvania  cavalry,  Lieut.  Col.  William  P.  Brinton,  commanding,  in 
the  Farnsworth  charge  south  west  of  Big  Round  Top,  went  into  action  with  599, 
losing  2 killed,  4 wounded  and  8 missing,  total  loss  14. 

5th  New  York  cavalry  under  command  of  M^aj.  John  Hammond,  here  sup- 
ported battery  E,  4th  U.  S.  horse  artillery,  Lieut.  Samuel  S.  Elder,  commanding, 
losing  6 men.  June  30th  met  Stuart’s  cavalry  in  Hanover,  Pa.,  in  a hand  to 
hand  conflict,  capturing  Lieut.  Col.  Paine  and  75  of  his  men,  with  a loss  of  26 
men  killed  and  wounded.  On  July  2d  another  engagement  with  Stuart’s  cavalry 
at  Hunterstown  on  July  3d.  to  this  position  in  support  of  Elder’s  battery  E,  4th 
U.  S.  artillery.  Both  can  be  found  due  south  of  Big  Round  Top. 

Monuments  on  the  Big  Round  Top  and  along  the  main  line  to  the  cemetery 
called  Sedgwick,  Sykes  and  Hancock  avenues.  From  the  highest  point  of  the 
Big  Round  Top  to  the  northern  base  of  it,  the  first  seven  named  can  be  found. 

12th  Pennsylvania  reserves.  41st  infantry,  Col.  Martin  D.  Hardman,  com- 
manding, Brought  into  action,  310;  lost  1. 

5th  Pennsylvania  reserves,  34th  infantry — Lieut  Col.  Georgd  Dare,  com- 
manding, Brought  into  action,  334;  lost  2. 

20th  Maine — Col.  Joshua  L.  Chamberlain,  commanding. 

Brought  into  action,  358;  lost  132. 

119th  Pennsylvania — Col.  Peter  C.  Ellmaker;  commanding. 

Brought  into  action,  206;  lost  2. 

1 1 8th  Pennsylvania— Lieut.  Col.  James  Gwynn,  commanding. 

(Their  second  marker)  Lost  25. 

The  1 1 8th  State  monument  at  the  Loop  in  the  Wheatfield,  not  far  from  the 
Wible  building. 

9th  Massachusetts— Col.  Patrick  R.  Guiney,  commanding.  Lost  7- 

10th  Pennsylvania  reserves— Col.  Adoniram  J.  Warner,  commanding. 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


6 7 


Engaged  420;  lost  5. 

9th  Pennsylvania  reserves  or  38th  infantry — Lieut.  Col.  James  McK.  Snod- 
grass, commanding.  On  the  left  a small  tablet  marking  the  38th  infantry  or  9th 
reserves.  Lost  5. 

A small  monument  on  the  right  marking  the  20th  Maine  regiment,  where  they 
met  the  enemy  preventing  them  from  getting  up  on  Little  Round  Top,  July  2d, 
1863. 

83d  Pennsylvania — Capt.  Orpheus  S.  Woodward  commanding, 

Brought  into  action  308;  lost  55. 

On  the  left  of  avenue  on  a boulder  is  a white  tablet,  marking  the  spot  where 
General  Vincent  was  wounded  by  a Confederate  sharpshooter,  and  carried  to 
Lewis  Bushman’s,  east  of  Round  Top,  and  died  on  the  7th. 

44th  New  York — Col.  James  C.  Rice,  commanding. 

Brought  into  action,  313;  lost  106. 

16th  Michigan — Lieut.  Col.  Norval  E.  Welch,  commanding. 

Brought  into  action,  356;  lost  60. 

Michigan  sharpshooters,  companies  C.  I.  R and  B.  Lost  15. 

140th  New  York — >Col.  Patrick  O'Rorke,  commanding. 

Brought  into  action  526 ; lost  133. 

91st  Pennsylvania — Lieut.  Col.  Joseph  H.  Sinex.  commanding. 

Brought  into  action  258 ; lost  19. 


Battery  D,  5th  U.  S.  Artillery.  Lost  13. 

Bronze  statue  of  General  Warren,  8 feet  2 inches  high,  on  boulder  from  which 
he  discovered  Longstreet’s  right  moving  to  get  Round  Top. 

146th  New  York — Col.  Kenner  Garrard,  commanding,  Lost  28. 

155th  Pennsylvania — Lieut.  Col.  John  H.  Cain,  commanding,  Lost  19. 

Battery  L,  1st  Ohio  Light  Artillery,  • Lost  2. 

98th  Pennsylvania,  second  marker,  state  monument  can  be  found  near  the 
Althoof  house,  five  hundred  yards  north  west  from  this  one. 

121st  New  York — Col.  Emory  Upton,  commanding,  Lost  2. 


A star,  the  corps  badge  of  the  Twelfth  corps,  a marker  for  the  147th  Pennsyl- 
vania regiment ; their  other  marker  can  be  found  at  Culp’s  Hill. 

5th  Maine — Col.  Clark  S.  Edwards,  commanding. 

2d  Rhode  Island — Col.  Horatio  Rogers,  Jr.,  commanding,  Lost  7. 

7th  Massachusetts — Lieut.  Col.  Franklin  P.  Harlow,  commanding,  Lost  6. 

Clump  of  trees  on  the  right  marking  the  headquarters  of  Sedgwick  and  Sykes. 

1 st  Massachusetts  cavalry — Lieut.  Col.  Greely  S.  Curtis,  commanding. 

1st  New  York  light  battery  C. — Capt.  Almont  Barnes,  commanding,  Lost  12. 

The  second  marker  of  the  93d  Pennsylvania.  Their  state  monument  can  be 
found  five  hundred  yards  west  from  this  one  on  the  Althoof  property,  near  Plum 
Run. 

10th  Massachusetts — Lieut.  Col.  Joseph  B.  Parson,  commanding,  Lost  9. 

37th  Massachusetts — Col.  Oliver  Edwards,  commanding,  Lost  47. 

Marker  5th  Corps  headquarters. 

Marker  Candy’s  Brig.,  12th  Corps. 

On  the  right  is  the  large  New  Jersey  brigade  monument,  five  regiments  in- 
cluded in  the  one  monument,  1st,  2d,  3d,  4th  and  15th  New  Jersey.  Total  loss  of 
the  brigade  at  Gettysburg,  11. 


68 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG 


Second  marker  of  the  9th  Massachusetts  battery  near  the  Abraham  Trostle 
house,  where  General  Sickels  was  wounded,  which  caused  the  loss  of  his  leg. 

Also  a marker  of  the  150th  and  39th  New  York  regiments.  Their  large  monu- 
ments can  be  found  at  Culp’s  Hill,  which  was  their  original  position.  They  had 
been  sent  to  this  point  in  support  of  the  Third  corps  troops,  on  the  evening  of 
the  2d  of  July,  the  39th  New  York  recapturing  the  guns  of  battery  I,  5th  United 
States  artillery,  and  equipments.  Battery  G,  Ames’  1st  New  York,  second  posi- 
tion. Their  large  monument  in  the  Peach  Orchard. 

The  organizations  marked  along  the  Hancock  avenue  coming  from  Round  Top 
toward  Gettysburg,  or  rather  to  the  cemetery : 

6th  Maine  battery  F — Lieut.  Edwin  B.  Dow,  commanding,  Lost  13. 

4th  Pennsylvania  Cavalry — Lieut.  Col.  W.  E.  Doster,  commanding,  Lost  1. 

2d  Connecticut  light  battery — Capt.  John  W.  Sterling,  commanding,  Lost  5. 

90th  Pennsylvania’s  second  marker.  Their  large  monument  can  be  found  on 
the  right  of  First  corps,  near  the  Mummasburg  road  on  the  first  day’s  fight.  Also 
the  88th  Pennsylvania  and  the  12th  Massachusetts. 

1 st  Minnesota,  2d  company  Minnesota  sharpshooters  attached.  This  is  the 
state  monument.  Its  cost  is  said  to  be  $20,000.  The  regimental  monument 
stands  a little  distance  north  from  this  point.  They  lost  eighty  odd  per  cent,  of 
their  men. 

Second  marker  of  Pennsylvania  light  battery  C and  F.  Large  monument  in 
Peach  Orchard.  Also  Hampton’s  battery  F,  Pennsylvania  light  artillery. 

Hexamer’s  New  Jersey  light  t st  battery — Lieut.  Augustin  N.  Parsons,  com- 
manding, Lost  9. 

4th  United  States  battery  C — Lieut.  Evan  Thomas,  commanding,  Lost  18. 

9th  Michigan  battery  I,  1st  artillery — Captain  Jabez  J.  Danniels,  com- 
manding, Lost  5. 

A marker  of  17th  Maine.  Large  monument  in  Wheatfield.  This  one  marks 
the  position  before  they  went  to  the  Wheatfield. 

1st  New  Plampshire,  companies  E,  F,  and  G,  sharpshooters. 

A marker  of  the  125th  New  York  infantry — Col.  G.  D.  Williard,  command- 
ing. Tablet  to  the  left  of  avenue,  in  the  bushes  near  Plum  Run,  where  he  was 
killed,  on  the  evening  of  July  2d,  1863,  leading  in  a charge  the  3d  brigade,  3d 
division,  2d  corps,  16th  Vermont  infantry.  A few  hundred  yards  to  the  right  of 
avenue  is  marked  the  15th  and  50th  New  York  Engineers’  Headquarters  A.  P. 

8th  Pennsylvania  cavalry — Capt.  William  A.  Corrie,  commanding. 

4th  New  York  Cavalry — Lieut.  Col.  Augustus  Pruyn,  commanding. 

2d  New  York  Cavalry — Lieut.  Col.  Otto  Harhaus,  commanding. 

Marker  124th  New  York.  Second  position. 

84th  Pennsylvania — Lieut.  Col.  Milton  Opp,  commanding.  Guarding  corps 
trains,  and  not  engaged  in  battle. 

Tablet  on  the  left  marks  where  General  Hancock  was  wounded,  July  3,  1863. 

Vermont  state  monument  marks  position  of  Stannard’s  Vermont  brigade, 
13th  Vermont,  brought  into  action  480;  lost  102.  14th  Vermont,  lost  95.  16th 
Vermont,  lost  119. 

Total  loss  of  Third  brigade.  Lost  316. 

143  Pennsylvania  second  marker.  Large  monument  on  the  first  day’s  fight. 
Also  the  149th  Pennsylvania  second  marker.  Their  state  monument  on  the  first 
day’s  fight. 


JENNIE  WADE 

the  only  citizen  of  Gettysburg  killed  during  the  battle,  a young  lady  twenty  years  of  age,  was  struck  by  a 
sharpshooter’s  bullet  in  a little  brick  house  on  Baltimore  street,  near  the  National  Cemetery.  She,  with  her 
mother,  was  taking  care  of  her  sister,  Airs.  McClellan,  who  occupied  the  front  room  with  her  child,  which  was 
three  days  old  when  the  battle  began.  It  was  on  account  of  the  condition  of  this  sister  that  they  were  com- 
pelled to  remain  in  the  house;  nearly  all  the  citizens  of  Gettysburg  were  in  cellars.  On  the  morning  of  the 
last  day  of  the  battle  she  was  in  the  backroom  working  in  dough,  preparing  to  bake  and  was  instantly 
killed  by  a bullet  that  had.  passed  through  two  doors  before  striking  her. 

The  house  has  not  been  changed  and  shows  the  marks  of  several  hundred  bullets.  It  is  now  a war  museum, 
and  attracts  thousands  of  tourists  each  year  to  hear  the  story  of  jennie  wade’s  death,  and  to  see  the  old  battle- 
marked  house  and  the  complete  collection  of  battlefield  relics  which  are  exhibited  here. 

Souvenirs  of  all  kinds  can  be  bought  in  the  room  where  jennie  wade  was  killed.  Any  information  rela- 
tive to  this  house  or  the  Gettysburg  Battlefield  will  be  cheerfully  furnished  by  addressing 

THE  JENNIE  WADE  HOUSE, 

Gettysburg,  Da. 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


69 


5th  United  States  battery  C — Lieut.  Julian  V.  Weir,  commanding,  Lost  16. 

82d  New  York  infantry  2d  militia — Lieut.  Col.  James  Hustin,  commanding. 

Lost  192. 

1st  Minnesota — Col.  William  Colville,  Jr.,  commanming. 

Brought  into  action  330;  loss  232. 

1st  New  York  light  battery  B — Lieut.  Albert  S.  Sheldon,  commanding. 

14th  New  York  battery  attached.  Lost  26. 

150th  Pennsylvania  bucktails,  their  second  marker. 

121  st  Pennsylvania  regiment,. their  second  marker. 

15th  Massachusetts — Col.  George  H.  Ward,  commanding.  Lost  148. 

The  position  of  this  regiment  in  line  of  battle  is  marked  by  its  monument  two 
hundred  and  thirty-five  yards  due  south.  It  charged  up  to  this  point  and  attacked 
Picketts’  division  in  flank  as  his  troops  were  coming  over  the  Stone  Wall.  This 
description  is  found  on  Iron  Tablet  at  High  Water  Mark. 

19th  Maine — Col.  Francis  E.  Heath,  commanding. 

Brought  into  action  405 ; lost  206. 

20th  Massachusetts — Col.  Paul  J.  Revere,  commanding,  Lost- 127. 

The  position  of  this  regiment  was  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  yards  south 
southwest,  which  is  represented  by  its  monument.  When  Picketts’  division 
pierced  the  Union  line,  regiment  retired  by  its  right  flank,  faced  left,  and  rushed 
up  to  this  copse  of  trees  and  attacked  Picketts’  troops  then  coming  over  the  wall. 
This  description  can  be  found  on  Iron  Tablet  at  High  Water  Mark. 

19th  Massachusetts — Col.  Arthur  F.  Devereiix,  commanding,  Lost  77. 

The  position  of  this  regiment  in  line  of  battle  was  one  hundred  and  nineteen 
yards  south,  southeast  and  is  represented  by  its  monument.  19th  Massachusetts 
and  42nd  New  York  regiments  were  the  first  troops  to  attack  Pickett’s  division 
in  flank.  “Passing  at  this  time,  Col.  Devereux,  commanding  the  19th  Massachu- 
setts Volunteers,  anxious  to  be  in  the  right  place,  applied  to  me  for  permission  to 
move  his  regiment  to  the  right  and  to  the  front,  where  the  line  had  been  broken.” 
— Hancock’s  Official  Report.  This  description  is  found  on  Iron  Tablet  at  High 
Water  Mark. 

7th  Michigan — Lieut.  Col.  Amos  E.  Steele,  Jr.,  commanding. 

Engaged  165;  lost  65. 

59th  New  York — Lieut.  Col  Max  A.  Thoman,  commanding,  Lost  34. 

42nd  New  York  Tammany — Col.  James  E.  Mallon,  commanding,  Lost  74. 

1st  Rhode  Island  light  battery  B — Lieut.  F.  Fred  Brown,  commanding. 

Lost  28. 

1 st  New  York  light  battery — Capt.  Andrew  Cowan,  commanding,  Lost  12. 

The  large  bronze  book  representing  the  high-water  mark  of  the  rebellion. 
The  left  leaf  has  the  assaulting  columns  represented  upon  it,  and  the  right  leaf 
the  repulsing  columns. 

106th  Pennsylvania — Lieut.  Col.  William  L.  Curry,  commanding. 

Brought  into  action  335 ; lost  64. 

69th  Pennsylvania — Col.  Dennis  O.  Kane,  commanding.  # 

Brought  into  action  258 ; lost  137. 

1st  Pennsylvania  cavalry — Col.  John  P.  Taylor,  commanding. 

Brought  into  action  418;  lost  95. 

4th  United  States  battery  A — Lieut.  Alonzo  H.  Cushing,  commanding. 

Lost  38. 


;o 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


72d  Pennsylvania — Col.  DeVVitt  C.  Baxter,  commanding. 

Brought  into  action  458;  lost  197. 
71st  Pennsylvania — Col.  Richard  Penn  Smith,  commanding. 

Brought  into  action  33L;  lost  98. 
99th  Pennsylvania— Major  John  W.  Moore,  commanding. 

Brought  into  action  339,  lost  no. 
1 st  Rhode  Island  Light  Battery  A — Capt.  William  A.  Ames,  commanding. 

Lost  28. 

1st  Andrew  Sharpshooters — ‘‘In  God  we  trust,  but  keep  our  powder  dry.” 
Battery  K 1st  New  York  light  artillery — Capt.  Robert  H.  Fitzhugh,  com- 
manding. nth  New  York  battery  attached.  Lost  7. 

14th  Connecticut — Maj.  Theo.  G.  Ellis,  commanding. 

Brought  into  action  160;  lost  62. 
To  the  right  is  the  monument  representing  General  George  Gordon  Meade, 
erected  by  the  State  of  Pennsylvania.  Its  cost  is  said  to  be  thirty-five  thousand 
dollars. 

10th  New  York — Mai.  Geo.  F.  Hopper,  commanding.  Lost  6. 

39th  New  York — Maj.  Hugo  Hildebrandt,  commanding.  Lost  95. 

I st  Delaware — Lieut.  Col.  Edward  P.  Harris,  commanding.  Lost  77. 

125th  New  York — Lieut.  Col.  Levin  Crandell,  commanding. 

Brought  into  action  500;  lost  ’139. 
12th  New  Jersey — Maj.  John  T.  Hill,  commanding.  Lost  115. 

1 nth  New  York — Col.  Clinton  D.  MacDougall,  commanding. 

Brought  into  action  390 ; lost  249. 

5th  United  States  Battery  F — Lieut.  Leonard  Martin,  commanding. 

The  second  marker  of  the  9th  Massachusetts  Battery. 

1 08th  New  York — Lieut.  Col.  Francis  E.  Pierce,  commanding. 

Engaged  200;  lost  102. 

Battery  I,  1st  U.  S.  artillery.  . Lost  25. 

2nd  United  States  Battery  G — Lieut.  John  H.  Butler,  commanding. 

126th  New  York — Col.  Eliakim  Sherrill,  commanding. 

Brought  into  action  455  ; lost  231. 

90th  Pennsylvania,  second  monument. 

88th  Pennsylvania,  second  monument. 

Hall’s  2d  Maine  Batteries,  second  position.  Their  first  positions  are  marked 
with  a monument  on  the  first  day. 

IN  NATIONAL  CEMETERY. 

1st  Massachusetts  light  battery  A — Capt.  William  H.  McCartney,  commanding. 
1st  Ohio  Light  Artillery,  Huntington  Battery.  Lost  7. 

West  Virginia  light  battery  C — Capt.  W.  Hill,  commanding.  Lost  4. 

1st  United  States  Battery  H — Lieut.  Chandler  P.  Eaken,  commanding. 

Lost  10. 

The  national  monument  with  liberty  on  the  top,  and  its  four  figures  on  the 
corners  representing  Wajp,  History,  Peace,  and  Plenty,  stands  where  Abraham 
Lincoln  said  “Fourscore  and  seven  years  ago  our  fathers  brought  forth  upon  this 
continent  a new  nation,  conceived  in  liberty,  and  dedicated  to  the  proposition 
that  all  men  are  created  equal.  Now  we  are  engaged  in  a great  civil  war,  testing 
whether  that  nation,  or  any  other  nation  so  conceived,  and  so  dedicated,  can  long 
endure.  We  are  met  on  a great  battle-field  of  the  war;  we  are  met  to  dedicate  a 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


7 i 


portion  of  it  as  the  final  resting  place  of  those  who  here  gave  their  lives  that 
that  nation  might  live.  It  is  altogether  fitting  and  proper  that  we  should  do  this, 
but  in  a larger  sense  we  cannot  dedicate,  we  cannot  consecrate,  we  cannot  hallow 
this  ground.  The  brave  men,  living  and  dead,  who  struggled  here  have  conse- 
crated it  far  above  our  power  to  add  or  detract.  The  world  will  little  note  nor 
long  remember  what  we  say  here,  but  it  can  never  forget  what  they  did  here.  It 
is  for  us,  the  living,  rather  to  be  dedicated  here  to  the  unfinished  work  that  they 
have  thus  far  nobly  carried  on.  It  is  rather  for  us  to  be  here  dedicated  to  the 
great  task  remaining  before  us — that  from  these  honored  dead  we  take  increased 
devotion  to  that  cause  for  which  they  gave  the  last  full  measure  of  devotion — that 
we  here  highly  resolve  that  these  dead  shall  not  have  died  in  vain ; that  this  nation 
under  God,  shall  have  a new  birth  of  freedom,  and  that  government  of  the  peo- 
ple, by  the  people,  for  the  people,  shall  not  perish  from  the  earth.” — Lincoln, 
Nov  19th , 1863. 

It  is  said  that  after  the  delivery  of  this,  Mr.  Everett  said : “Ah ! Mr.  President, 

I would  gladly  give  all  my  forty  pages  for  your  twenty  lines.” 

The  writer  was  present  on  this  occasion. 

Battery  C,  4th  U.  S.  artillery — Capt.  Evan  Thomas,  commanding.  Lost  18. 

The  New  York  State  monument  erected  in  honor  of  their  dead,  is  ninety-two 
feet  high,  and  its  cost  is  said  to  be  eighty-two  thousand  dollars. 

5th  New  York  Light  Battery — Capt.  Elijah  D.  Taft,  commanding.  Lost  3* 

1st  Ohio  Light  Battery  I — Capt.  H.  Dilger,  commanding,  Lost  13. 

The  monument  erected  to  the  memory  of  Major  General  John  F.  Reynolds,  who 
had  command  of  the  left  wing  of  the  First,  Third  and  Eleventh  corps,  on  the  1st 
of  July,  1863,  and  fell  shortly  after  the  opening  of  the  battle. 

75th  Pennsylvania,  second  position.  The  state  monument  on  the  Howard  ave- 
nue, north  of  Gettysburg.  This  includes  all  the  monuments  on  the  Hancock 
avenue  and  National  cemetery. 

Next  represented  will  be  the  organizations  marked  on  east  Cemetery  Hill,  then 
Culp’s  Hill  to  Spangler’s  Springs,  to  Powers’  Kill,  the  extreme  right  of  infantry 
line,  including  Neill’s  brigade  of  the  6th  corps  that  is  marked  on  Wolf  Hill,  and 
the  cavalry  fight  on  the  Rummel  farm,  four  miles  east  of  Gettysburg,  down  the 
Hanover  road. 

MONUMENTS  ON  EAST  CEMETERY  HILL. 

4th  U.  S.  Battery  B — Lieutenant  J.  Stewart,  commanding,  Lost  36. 

73d  Pennsylvania — Capt.  D.  F.  Kelly,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action  324;  lost  in. 

27th  Pennsylvania — Lieut.  Col.  Lorentz  Cantator,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action  324;  lost  III. 

106th  Pennsylvania,  third  marker. 

134th  New  York — Lieut.  Col.  Allan  H.  Jackson,  commanding,  Lost  252. 

73rd  Pennsylvania — Capt.  D.  F.  Kelly,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action  332 ; lost  34. 

♦ 

1st  New  York  Light  Battery  I — Capt.  Michael  Weidrich,  commanding, 

Lost  13. 

7th  Virginia — Lieut.  Col.  Jonathan  H.  Lockwood,  commanding,  Lost  47. 

1st  Pennsylvania  Light  Batteries  F and  G — Capt.  R.  Bruce  Rickets,  com- 

• manding,  Engaged  114;  lost  12. 


72 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


i st  Pennsylvania  Battery  B,  Light  Artillery — Capt.  James  H.  Cooper,  com- 
manding, Engaged  1 14 ; lost  12. 

14th  Indiana — Col.  John  Coons,  commanding,  Lost  31. 

Large  monument  with  bronze  statue  on  horseback  represents  Major  General 
Winfield  S.  Hancock. 

4th  Ohio — Lieut.  Col.  Franklin  Sawyer,  commanding, 

1st  New  York  Light  Battery  L and  E attached, 

25th  and  75th  Ohio  monument,  their  position  July  2d  and  3d. 

17th  Connecticut,  their  position  July  2d  and  3d. 

54th  New  York — Maj.  Stephen  Kovacs,  commanding, 

68th  New  York — Col.  Gotthilf  Bourry,  commanding, 

153d  Pennsylvania,  their  position  July  2d  and  3d. 

Brought  into  action  569,  lost  21 1. 
41st  New  York — Col.  Detleo  Von  Einsiedel,  commanding,  Lost  75. 

33d  Massachusetts — Col.  Adin  B.  Underwood,  commanding,  Lost  44. 

5th  Maine  Battery  E — Capt.  Greenleaf  T.  Stevens,  commanding.  Marker 
near  Theological  Seminary.  First  day,  Lost  22. 

7th  Indiana — Col.  Ira  G.  Grover,  commanding,  Lost  10. 

Along  the  earthworks  to  this  the  highest  point  on  Culp’s  Hill,  is  the  small 
tablets  marking  the  position  of  Wadsworth’s  division,  July  2d  and  3d.  They 
are  joined  on  the  right  with  the  12th  corps. 

Pennsylvania  Light  Battery  E — Lieut.  Col.  Charles  Atwell, 


Lost  31. 
Lost  17. 


Lost  102. 
Lost  138. 


commanding, 
Lost  3. 
Lost  18. 
Lost  52. 
Wallace,  commanding, 
Engaged,  583 ; lost  25. 

Lost  45. 


66th  Ohio — Lieut.  Col.  Eugene  Powell,  commanding, 

60th  New  York — Col.  Abel  Godard,  commanding, 

1st  regiment  Eastern  Shore,  Maryland — Col.  James 
ing, 

150th  New  York — Col.  John  H.  Ketcham,  commanding, 

28th  Pennsylvania — Capt.  John  Flynn,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  303 ; lost  28. 
I02d  and  78th  New  York — The  78th  Lieut.  Col.  Herbert  Von  Hammerstein, 
commanding,  Lost  30. 

I02d  New  York — Col.  James  C.  Lane,  commanding,  Lost  29. 

147th  New  York,  their  second  monument,  their  other  out  near  the  railroad 
cut,  on  the  first  day. 

65th  New  York^Col.  Joseph  E.  Hamblin,  commanding,  Lost  9. 

I22d  New  York — Col.  Silas  Titus,  commanding,  Lost  44. 

149th  New  York — Col.  Henry  A.  Barnum,  commanding,  Lost  55. 

82d  Pennsylvania — Col.  Isaac  C.  Bassett,  commanding,  Lost  6. 

67th  New  York — Col.  Nelson  Cross,  commanding,  Lost  1. 

29th  Ohio — Capt.  Wilbur  F.  Stevens,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  332;  lost  38. 
23d  Pennsylvania — Lieut.  Col.  John  F.  Glenn,  commanding,  Lost  31. 

137th  New  York — Col.  David  Ireland,  commanding,  Lost  137* 

7th  Ohio — Col.  William  R.  Creighton,  commanding,  Lost  18. 

29th  Pennsylvania — Col.  William  Rickards,  Jr.,  commanding,  Lost  66. 

5th  Ohio— Col.  John  H.  Patrick,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  315;  lost  18. 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


7 3 


147th  Pennsylvania — Lieut.  Col.  Ario  Pardee,  Jr.,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  298;  lost  20. 
109th  Pennsylvania — Capt.  F.  L.  Gimber,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  149;  lost  10. 

1 nth  Pennsylvania — Lieut.  Col.  Thomas  M.  Walker,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  259;  lost  23. 
29th  Pennsylvania — State  monument.  Brought  into  action,  485 ; lost  66. 
2d  Maryland  Confederate  monument — Lieut.  Col.  J.  R.  Herbert,  command- 
ing, • 400  strength;  lost  192. 


123d  New  York — Lieut.  Col.  James  C.  Rogers,  commanding,  Lost  14. 

20th  Connecticut — Lieut.  Col.  William  B.  Wooster,  commanding,  Lost  28. 
3d  Maryland — Col.  Joseph  F.  Sudsburg,  commanding,  Lost  8. 

5th  Connecticut — Col.  Warren  W.  Packer,  commanding,  Lost  7. 

145th  New  York — Col.  E.  Livingston  Price,,  commanding,  Lost  10. 

46th  Pennsylvania — Col.  James  L.  Selfridge,  commanding, 


Brought  into  action,  262;  lost  13. 

1st  Maryland  Potomac  Home  Brigade — Col.  William  P.  Maulsby,  com- 
manding,- * Effective  strength,  739;  lost  104. 

107th  New  York — Col.  Nirom  M.  Crane,  commanding,  Lost  2. 

The  Spangler  Springs,  where  it  is  said  both  Union  and  Confederates  went  to 
get  water  on  the  night  of  2d  of  July,  1863.  , 

2d  Massachusetts — Lieut.  Col.  Charles  R.  Mudge,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  316;  lost  135. 

27th  Indiana — Col.  Silas  Colgrove,  commanding, 

Brought  into  action,  339;  lost  III. 

3d  Wisconsin — Col.  William  Hawley,  commanding,  Lost  10. 

13th  New  Jersey — Col.  Ezra  A.  Carman,  commanding,  Lost  21. 

2 1 st  Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  near  the  spot  that  the  monument  now  stands,  on  the 
26th  of  June,  1863,  fell  Private  Geo.  W.  Sandoe,  the  first  soldier  killed  at  Gettys- 
burg. 

1st  New  York  Light  Battery  M — Charles  E.  Winegar,  commanding,  can  be 
found  on  what  is  known  as  Powers’  Hill,  on  the  south  side  of  the  Baltimore 
pike  going  eastward.  At  the  time  of  the  battle  it  was  owned  by  George  Spangler, 
Mr.  Powers  only  had  it  leased  to  quarry  from,  and  during  the  2d  and  3d  of  July 
was  used  by  General  Slocum,  who  had  command  of  the  right  wing  of  the  army, 
as  his  headquarters. 

Also  several  guns  of  Battery  E,  Knapp’s  Light  Artillery,  and  Battery  A,  1st 
Maryland  Light  Artillery.  Capt.  James  H.  Rigsby,  commanding;  the  77th  New 
York  Infantry  of  Neill’s  Brigade  of  the  Sixth  corps.  The  other  four  regiments 
of  the  same  brigade  can  be  found  on  Wolf  Hill,  guarding  any  coming  around 
on  the  extreme  right.  The  49th  New  York — Col.  Daniel  D.  Bidwell,  command- 
ing; 7th  Maine — Lieut.  Col.  Selden  Conner,  commanding;  43d  New  York — « 
Lieut.  John  Wilson,  commanding;  61st  Pennsylvania — Lieut.  Col.  George  F. 
Smith,  commanding;  the  33d  New  York  (detached) — Capt.  Henry  J.  Gifford, 
commanding;  4th  New  Jersey  Volunteers,  train  and  provost  guard;  2d  United 
States  Batteries  B and  L — Lieut.  Edward  Heaton,  commanding;  10th  Maine 
Provost  guards — Capt.  John  D.  Beardsley,  commanding. 

This  completes  all  the  markers  on  the  Infantry  avenues  the  right  of  Federal 
lines. 


74 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


LOSSES  BY  CORPS  AT  GETTYSBURG. 

First  Corps.... 6,025 

Second  Corps 4,359 

Third  Corps 4,213 

Fifth  Corps 2,187 

Sixth  Corps 242 

Eleventh  Corps 3, 801 

Twelfth  Corps 1,082 

Cavalry  Corps #. 852 

Artillery  Reserve 242 


Total  Army  of  the  Potomac 23,003 

FEDERAL  LOSSES. 

Army  of  the  Potomac  at  Gettysburg,  killed  wounded  and  missing: 

Killed  3T55 

Wounded  14,523 

Missing  5,325 


Total  loss  23,003 

GENERALS  KILLED.  ^ 


Reynolds,  Weed,  Zook,  Vincent  and  Farnsworth. 


ARTILLERY  IN  THE  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC,  BRIG. 
GEN.  H.  J.  HUNT,  U.  S.  ARMY  COMMANDING, 

JUNE  30,  1863. 


COMMAND 


First  Army  Corps 

Second  Army  Corps  • • . 

Thitd  Army  Corps 

Fifth  Army  '~'orps 

Sixth  Army  Corps 

Eleventh  Army  • orps 
Twelfth  Army  Corps  •• 

Cavalry  Corps* 

Artillery  Reservet-  . • • 

Total 


69 


Present  for 
Duty 

Equipped- 


Guns- 


598 

537 

658 

547 

1,006 

629 

384 

831 

2,G9 

7,329 


Rifled- 


Smooth 

Bore- 


28 

24 

IS 

,8 

26 

20 

50 

IIO 

362 


*The  “present  for  duty  ” given-  No  report  of  “present  for  duty  equipped-” 

+ The  infantry  train  and  headquarters’  guards  excluded-  The  4 % inch  guns  were  not  at 
Gettysburg- 


ITINERARY  OF  THE  ARMY  OF  NORTHERN  VIRGINIA, 
IN  THE  GETTYSBURG  CAMPAIGN  FROM  JUNE 
26th  TO  JULY  5th  1862. 

Headquarters  Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  with  Hood's  division,  Longstreet’s 
Corps,  crossed  the  Potomac  at  Williamsport,  Md.,  and  marched  to  Greencastle, 
Pa.  McLaw’s  division  crossed  the  river  and  encamped  near  Williamsport. 
Pickett’s  Division,  with  the  reserve  artillery,  marched  through  Hagerstown  to 
Greencastle.  Rode’s  and  Johnson’s  Division,  Ewell’s  Corps,  with  Jenkins’  Cav- 
alry Brigade,  were  on  the  road  from  Chambersburg  to  Carlisle,  Pa.  Early’s 
Division,  with  French’s  Cavalry  regiment  marched  from  Greenwood  via  Cash- 
town  to  Mummasburg,  and  his  cavalry  advance  had  a skirmish  with  the  26th 
Pennsylvania  Infantry.  Gordon’s  Brigade  passed  through  Gettysburg,  halting 
a short  time  in  the  town.  Anderson’s  Division  of  Hill’s  Corps,  marched  from 
Hagerstown  and  encamped  two  miles  north  of  Greencastle.  Hampton’s,  Cham- 
bliss’s and  Fitz  Lee’s  Brigades  of  Stuart’s  Cavalry,  marched  from  Buckland  via 
Brentsville  to  near  Wolf  Run  Shoals,  on  the  Occoquam  river,  Va. 

June  27. — Headquarters  of  the  Army  moved  from  Greencastle  to  Chambers- 
burg, Pa.  Rodes’s  and  Johnson’s  Division,  Ewell’s  Corps,  arrived  at  Carlisle. 
Early’s  Division  moved  from  Mummasburg,  via  Hunterstown,  New  Chester  and 
Hampton  to  Berlin.  Gordon’s  Brigade  reached  York.  , McLaw’s  Division, 
Longstreet’s  Corps,  marched  from  Williamsport  via  Hagerstown,  Middleburg 
and  Greencastle  to  camp,  five  miles  south  of  Chambersburg.  Hood’s  Division 
reached  that  town,  and  Pickett’s  Division  moved  on  three  miles  further  north. 
Anderson’s  Division,  Hill’s  Corps,  marched  by  Chambersburg  to  Fayettville,  Pa. 
Heth’s  and  Pender’s  Division  to  the  same  place  by  other  routes.  Hampton’s, 
Chambliss’s  and  Fitz  Lee’s  Brigades  of  Stuart’s  Cavalry  marched  from  Wolf 
Run  Shoals,  on  Occoquam  river  via  Fairfax  Station,  Annandale  and  Dranes- 
ville,  Va.,  and  crossed  the  Potomac  into  Maryland,  below  Seneca  Creek.  Rob- 
ertson’s and  Jones’s  Brigades  were  left  in  Virginia  to  guard  the  passes  of 
the  Blue  Ridge. 

June  28. — Rodes’s  and  Johnson’s  Division,  Ewell’s  Corps,  were  at  Carlisle. 
Jenkins’  Cavalry  Brigade  was  sent  to  reconnoiter  the  defenses  of  Harrisburg. 
Early’s  Division  marched  from  Berlin  by  way  of  Weiglestown  to  York.  Gor- 
don’s Brigade  moved  on  through  York  to  Wrightsville,  on  the  Susquehanna 
river.  Heth’s,  Pender’s  and  Anderson’s  Divisions,  Hill’s  Corps,  were  in  camp 
at  Fayetteville.  Hood’s,  McLaw’s  and  Pitckett’s  Divisions,  Longstreet’s  Corps, 
at  or  near  Chambersburg  Hampton’s,  Chambliss’s  and  Fitz  Lee’s  Brigades  of 
Stuart’s  Cavalry,  moved  via  Darnestown  and  Rockville  to  Brookeville,  Md. 

June  29. — Heth’s  Division,  Hill’s  Corps,  moved  from  Fayetteville  to  Cash- 
town,  Pender’s  and  Anderson’s  Divisions  remaining  at  Fayetteville.  John- 
son’s Division,  Ewell’s  Corps,  countermarched  from  Carlisle  to  Greenville,  Pa. ; 
Rodes’s  Division  remained  at  Carlisle  and  Early’s  Division  at  York  and  Wrights- 
ville. Hood’s,  McLaw’s  and  Pickett’s  Divisions,  Longstreet’s  Corps,  remained 
in  position  near  Chambersburg  Stuart’s  three  brigades  of  Cavalry  marched 
through  Cooksville,  Sykesville  and  Westminster,  Md.,  to  Union  Mills,  Pa. 


ITINERARY  OF  THE  ARMY  OF  NORTHERN  VIRGINIA. 


77 


June  30. — Heth’s  Division,  Hill’s  Corps,  at  Cashtown.  Pettigrew’s  Brigade 
marched  nearly  to  Gettysburg  but  was  recalled.  Pender’s  Division,  moved  from 
Fayetteville  to  Cashtown.  Anderson’s  Division  remained  at  Fayetteville.  Rodes’s 
Division,  Ewell’s  Corps,  moved  from  Carlisle  via  Petersburg  to  Heidlersburg. 
Johnson’s  Division  marched  from  Greenville  to  Scotland,  Pa.  Early’s  Division 
returned  from  York  via  Weiglestown  and  East  Berlin,  and  encamped  three 
miles^from  Heidlersburg.  Pickett’s  Division,  Longstreet’s  Corps,  remained  at 
Chambersburg.  McLaw’s  and  Hood’s  Division  moved  from  there  to  Fayette- 
ville, except  Law’s  Brigade,  which  was  sent  to  New  Gilford.  Stuart’s  Brigades 
of  Cavalry  moved  from  Union  Mills,  Pa.,  via  Hanover  to  Jefferson,  and  had  a 
sharp  fight  at  Hanover,  Pa.,  with  Union  Cavalry. 

July  1. — Heth’s  and  Pender’s  Division,  Hill’s  Corps,  marched  from  Cashtown 
to  Gettysburg.  Anderson’s  Division  from  Fayetteville  via  Cashtown  to  Gettys- 
burg. Rodes’s  Division,  Ewell’s  Corps,  marched  from  Heidlersburg  and  then 
by  the  direct  road  to  Gettysburg.  Johnson’s  Division  from  Scotland  via  Cash- 
town  to  Gettysburg.  Pickett’s  Division,  Longstreet’s  Corps,  remained  with  the 
wagon  trains  at  Chambersburg.  McLaw’s  and  Hood’s  Division,  except  Law’s 
Brigade  on  outpost  duty  at  New  Gilford,  marched  from  Fayetteville  to  Marsh 
Creek,  within  four  miles  of  Gettysburg.  Stuart’s  Brigade  of  Cavalry  marched 
from  Jefferson  via  Dover  and  Dillsburg  to  Carlisle.  Robertson’s  and  Jones’s 
Brigades  of  Cavalry  crossed  the  Potomac  at  Williamsport  and  moved  to  Green- 
castle,  Pa. 

July  2. — McLaw’s  'and  Hood’s  Division,  Longstreet’s  Corps,  moved  from 
Marsh  Creek  to  the  field  at  Gettysburg.  Law’s  Brigade,  Hood’s  Division,  marched 
from  New  Gilford  to  Gettysburg,  arriving  about  noon.  Pickett’s  Division 
marched  from  Chambersburg  and  arrived  in  the  vicinity  of  Gettysburg,  soon  after 
sunset.  Stuart’s  Brigades  of  Cavalry  marched  from  Carlisle  via  Hunterstown 
to  Gettysburg.  Hampton’s  Cavalry  Brigade  being  in  front  had  an  engagement 
with  Union  Cavalry  in  the  evening  at  Hunterstown,  Pa.  Robertson’s  and 
Jones’  Brigades  of  Cavalry  marched  from  Greencastle  to  Chambersburg. 

July  3. — Pickett’s  Division,  Longstreet’s  Corps,  arrived  on  the  field  early  in 
the  morning.  Robertson’s  and  Jones’s  Brigades  of  Cavalry  marched  from 
Chambersburg  via  Cashtown  and  Fairfield  to  a position  on  the  right  flank  of  the 
Confederate  Army.  Jones’s  Brigade  had  a severe  fight  with  the  Sixth  United 
States  Cavalry  near  Fairfield,  Pa.  Imboden’s  Brigade  of  mounted  infantry 
reached  the  field  at  noon. 

July  4. — Ewell’s  Corps  moved  before  dawn  from  the  base  of  Culp’s  Hill,  and 
the  streets  of  Gettysburg  to  Seminary  Ridge  and  the  army  remained  in  position 
on  that  ridge  throughout  the  day.  Soon  after  dark,  Hill’s  Corps  withdrew  and 
began  the  march  via  Fairfield  and  Waynesboro  on  the  Hagerstown  road.  Pick- 
ett’s and  McLaws’s  Divisions,  Longstreet’s  Corps,  followed  during  ihe  night. 

July  5. — The  entire  army  on  the  march  to  the  Potomac.  Hill’s  Corps  had 
the  advance.  Longstreet’s  the  center,  Ewell’s  the  rear.  Hood’s  Division,  Long- 
street’s Corps,  started  after  sunrise.  Early’s  Division,  Ewell’s  Corps,  started 
near  noon  and  formed  the  rear  guard.  Fitz  Lee’s  and  Hampton’s  Brigades  of 
Cavalry,  the  latter  under  Col.  Baker,  moved  via  Cashtown  and  Green  wood, 
en  route  to  Williamsport.  Chambliss’s  and  Jenkins’  Brigades  of  Cavalry  under 
Gen.  Stuart,  moved  via  Emmittsburg.  Robertson’s  and  Jones’s  Brigades  of 
Cavalry  held  the  Jacks  Mountain  passes.  Imboden’s  Brigade  of  Mounted  In- 


yS  ITINERARY  OF  THE  ARMY  OF  NORTHERN  TIRGINIA. 

fantry,  in  charge  of  the  wagon  trains,  reached  Greencastle  in  tlr.  morning  and 
Williamsport  in  the  afternoon. 

CONFEDERATE  EOSSES. 

Army  of  Northern  Virginia  at  Gettysburg,  killed,  wounded  and  missing: 


Killed  2,592 

Wounded  . 12,709 

Missing  5,150 


Total  loss  20.451 


GENERALS  KILLED. 


Pender,  Barksdale,  Semmes,  Garnett  and  Armistead. 


Organization  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  Com 
manded  by  Gen.  Robert  E.  Lee,  C.  S.  Army, *«at 
the  Battle  of  Gettysburg,  July  1-3.* 

FIRST  ARMY  CORPS. 

Lieut.  Gen.  James  Longstreet. 

m’laws’  division. 

Maj.  Gen.  Lafayette  McLaws. 


Kershaw's  Brigade . 

Brig.  Gen.  Joseph  B.  Kershaw. 

2d  South  Carolina: 

Col.  J.  D.  Kennedy. 

Lieut.  Col.  F.  Gaillard.  Lost, 
154. 

3d  South  Carolina: 

Maj.  R.  C.  Maffet. 

Col.  J.  D.  Nance.  Lost,  83. 
7th  South  Carolina,  Col.  D.  Wyatt 
Aiken.  Lost,  no. 

8th  South  Carolina,  Col.  J.  W. 

Henagan.  Lost,  100. 

15th  South  Carolina: 

Col.  W.  G.  De  Saussure. 

Maj.  William  M.  Gist.  Lost, 
137- 

3rd  South  Carolina  Battalion, 
Lieut.  Col.  W.  G.  Rice. 
Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,800.  Lost  630. 

Barksdale's  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  William  Barksdale. 
Col.  Benjamin  G.  Humphreys. 
13th  Mississippi.  Col.  J.  W.  Car- 
ter. Lost,  165. 

17th  Mississippi : 

Col.  W.  D.  Holder. 

Lieut.  Col.  John  C.  Fiser.  j 

Lost,  200. 

18th  Mississippi : 

Col.  T.  M.  Griffin. 

Lieut.  Col.  W.  H.  Luse. 

Lost,  100. 

21  st  Mississippi,  Col.  B.  G.  Hum- 
phreys. Lost,  103. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 

1,598.  Lost  747. 


Semmes'f  Brigade 
Brig.  Gen.  Paul  J.  Semmes. 
Col.  Goode  Bryan. 

10th  Georgia,  Col.  John  B.  Weems. 
Lost,  86. 

50th  Georgia,  Col.  W.  R.  Manning. 
Lost,  78. 

51st  Georgia,  Col.  E.  Ball.  Lost,  55. 
53d  Georgia,  Col.  James  P.  Simms. 
Lost,  87. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,200.  Lost  430. 


Wofford's  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  William  T.  Wofford. 
16th  Georgia,  Col.  Goode  Bryan, 
Lost,  61. 

18th  Georgia,  Lieut.  Col.  S.  Z. 
Ruff.  Lost,  19. 

24th  Georgia,  Col.  Rob.  McMillan. 
Lost,  36. 

Cobb’s  (Georgia)  Legion,  Lieut. 

Col.  Luther  J.  Glenn.  Lost,  22. 
Phillips’  (Georgia)  Legion,  Lieut. 
Col.  E.  S.  Barclay.  Lost,  28. 
Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,350.  Lost  355- 


*The  actual  commanders  are  indicated  as  far  as  practicable. 

INo  reports  on  file  for  this  brisra.de.  Bryan  was  in  command  July  7,  and  was  probably 
Semmes’  immediate  successor.  Tbe  commanders  of  the  51st,  and  53rd  Georgia  are 
given  as  reported  for  June  sand  Tulv  3v  Manning  reported  in  command  of  ?oth  Georgia 
June  22.  No  commander  reported  on  return  for  July  3i, 


8o 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


Artillery  Battalion. 

Col.  Henry  C.  Cabeel. 

i st  North  Carolina  Artillery,  Battery  A,  Capt.  B.  C.  Manly,  Lost  7. 
Pulaski  (Georgia)  Artillery: 

Capt.  J.  C.  Fraser “ 18 

Lieut.  W.  J.  Furlong. 

1 st  Richmond  (Virginia)  Howitzers,  Capt.  E.  S.  McCarthy,  “ 5. 
Troup  (Georgia)  Artillery: 

Capt.  H.  H.  Carlton “ 7. 

Lieut.  C.  W.  Motes. 


PICKETT'S  DIVISION. 

Maj.  Gen.  George  E.  Pickett. 


Garnett's  Brigade 

Brig.  Gen.  Richard  B.  Garnett. 
Maj.  C.  S.  Peyton. 

8th  Virginia,  Col.  Eppa  Hunton. 
Lost  54- 

18th  Virginia,  Lieut.  Col.  H.  A.  Car- 
rington. Lost  87. 

19th  Virginia:  Lost  44. 

Col.  Henry  Gantt. 

Lieut.  Col.  John  T.  Ellis. 

28th  Virginia:  Lost  77. 

Col.  R.  C.  Allen. 

Lieut.  Col.  William  Watts. 
56th  Virginia:  Lost  62. 

Col.  W.  D.  Stuart. 

Lieut.  Col.  P.  P.  Slaughter. 
Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,480.  Lost  941. 


Kemper’s  Brigade 

* Brig.  Gen.  James  L.  Kemper. 

Col.  Joseph  Mayo  Jr. 

1st  Virginia:  Lost  64. 

Col.  Lewis  B.  Williams. 

Lieut.  Col.  F.  G.  Skinner. 

3d  Virginia:  Lost  67. 

Col.  Joseph  Mayo,  jr. 

Lieut.  Col.  A.  D.  Callcote. 

7th  Virginia:  Lost  94. 

Col.  W.  T.  Patton. 

Lieut.  Col.  C.  C.  Flowerree. 
nth  Virginia,  Maj.  Kirkwood  Otey. 
Lost,  109. 

24th  Virginia,  Col.  William  R.  Terry. 
Lost  128. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,575.  Lost  731. 


Armistead’s  Brigade. 


Brig.  Gen.  Lewis  A.  Armistead. 


Col.  W.  R.  Aylett. 


9th  Birginia,  Maj.  John  C.  Owens Lost  71. 

14th  Virginia,  .'. “ 108. 

Col.  James  G.  Hodges. 

Lieut.  Col.  William  White. 

38th  Virginia:: 

Col.  E.  C.  Edmonds “ 170. 

Lieut.  Col.  P.  B.  Whittle. 

53d  Virginia,  Col.  W.  R.  Aylett “ 104. 

57th  Virginia,  Col.  John  Bowie  Magruder “ 121. 

Brigade  brought  into  action,  1650.  Lost,  1191. 

Artillery  Battalion. 

Maj.  James  Hearing. 

Fauquier  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Capt.  R.  M.  Stribling. 
Hampden  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Capt.  W.  H.  Caskie. 
Richmond  Fayette  Artillery,  Capt.  M.  C.  Macon. 

Virginia  Battery,  Capt.  Joseph  G.  Blount.  Total  loss  25. 

hood's  division. 

Majf  Gen.  John  B.  Hood.  * 

Brig.  Gen.  E.  McIver  Law. 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


Si 


Law's  Brigade 
Brig.  Gen.  E.  McIver  Law. 

Col.  James  L.  Sheffield. 

4th  Alabama,  Lieut.  Col.  L.  H. 

Scruggs.  Lost  66. 

15th  Alabama:  Lost  83. 

Col.  William  C.  Oates. 

Capt.  B.  A.  Hill. 

44th  Alabama,  Col.  Wm.  F.  Perry. 
Lost  88. 

47th  Alabama  : Lost  40. 

Col.  James  W.  Jackson. 

Lieut.  Col.  M.  J.  Bulger. 

Maj.  J.  M.  Campbell. 

48th  Alabama:  Lost  75. 

Col.  James  L.  Sheffield. 

Capt.  T.  J.  Eubanks. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,500.  Lost  550- 

Anderson's  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  George  T.  Anderson. 
Lieut.  Col.  William  Luffman. 

7th  Georgia,  Col.  W.  W.  White. 
Lost  15. 

8th  Georgia,  Col.  J.  R.  Towers. 
Lost  139. 

9th  Georgia:  Lost  143. 

Lieut.  Col.  J.  C.  Mounger. 
Maj.  W.  M.  Jones. 

Capt.  George  Hillyer. 
nth  Georgia:  Lost  194. 

Col.  F.  H.  Little. 

Lieut.  Col.  William  Luffman. 
Maj.  Henry  D.  McDaniel. 
Capt.  William  H.  Mitchell. 
59th  Georgia:  Lost  no. 

Col.  Jack  Brown. 


Robertson's  Brigade. 

Brig  Gen.  Jerome  B.  Robertson. 

3d  Arkansas : Lost  142. 

Col.  Van  H.  Manning. 

Lieut.  Col.  R.  S.  Taylor. 

1st  Texas.  Lieut.  Col.  P.  A.  Work. 
Lost  78. 

4th  Texas:  Lost  87. 

Col.  J.  C.  G.  Key. 

Maj.  J.  P.  Bane. 

5th  Texas  : Lost  106. 

Col.  R.  M.  Powell. 

Lieut.  Col.  K.  Bryan. 

Maj.  J.  C.  Rogers. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,100.  Lost  540. 


Bcnning's  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Henry  L.  Benning. 

2d  Georgia:  Lost  91. 

Lieut.  Col.  William  T.  Harris. 
Maj.  W.  S.  Shepherd. 

15th  Georgia,  Col.  D.  M.  DuBose. 
Lost  72. 

17th  Georgia,  Col.  W.  C.  Hodges. 
Lost  90. 

20th  Georgia  : Lost  140. 

Col.  John  A.  Jones. 

Lieut.  Col.  J.  D.  Waddell.  < 
Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,500.  Lost  509. 


Capt.  M.  G.  Bass. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,800.  Lost  671. 

Artillery  Battalion. 

Maj.  M.  W.  Henry. 

Branch  (North  Carolina)  Artillery,  Capt.  A.  C.  Latham. 

German  (South  Carolina)  Artillery,  Capt.  William  K.  Bachman. 
Palmetto  (South  Carolina)  Light  Artillery,  Capt.  Hugh  R.  Garden. 
Rowan  (North  Carolina)  Artillery,  Capt.  James  Reilly.  Total  loss,  27. 


RESERVE  ARTILLERY. 

Col.  J.  B.  Walton. 


Alexander's  Battalion. 

Col.  E.  P.  Alexander. 
Ashland  (Virginia)  Artillery : 

Capt.  P.  Woolfolk,  jr. 

Lieut.  James  Wolfolk. 
Bedford  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Capt. 
T.  C.  Jordan. 


Washington  ( Louisiana ) Artillery. 

Maj.  B.  F.  Eshelman. 

First  Company,  Capt.  C.  W.  Squires. 
Second  Co.,  Capt.  J.  B.  Richardson. 
Third  Company,  Capt.  M.  B.  Miller. 
Fourth  Company : 

Capt  Joe  Norcom. 


8 2 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


Brooks  (South  Carolina)  Artillery, 
Lieut.  S.  C.  Gilbert. 

Madison  (Louisiana)  Light  Artil- 
lery, Capt.  Geo.  V.  Moody. 
Virginia  Battery,  Capt.  William  W. 
Parker. 

Virginia  Battery,  Capt.  O.  B. 
Taylor. 

Total  loss  139. 


Lieut  H.  A.  Battles.  Lost  45. 
Total  loss  of  of  First  Corps, 
7,539- 


SECOND  ARMY  CORPS. 


Lieut.  Gen.  Richard  S.  Ewell, 
early's  division. 

Maj.  Gen.  Jubal  A.  Early. 


Hays’  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Harry  T.  Hays. 

5th  Louisiana  : Lost  49. 

Col.  Henry  Forno. 

Capt.  T.  H.  Biscoe. 

6th  Louisiana  : Lost  60. 

Col.  William  Monaghan. 
Lieut.  Col.  Joseph  Hanlon. 

7th  Louisiana.  Col.  D.  B.  Penn. 
Lost  57. 

8th  Louisiana  : Lost  75. 

Col.  T.  D.  Lewis. 

Maj.  A.  de  Blanc. 

9th  Louisiana,  Col.  L.  A.  Stafford. 
Lost  72. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,200.  Lost  332. 

Hoke’s  Brigade 
Col.  Isaac  E.  Avery. 

Col.  A.  C.  Godwin. 

6th  North  Carolina,  Maj.  S.  McD. 
Tate.  Lost  172. 

21  st  North  Carolina,  Col.  W.  W. 

Kirkland.  Lost 'hi. 

57th  North  Carolina,  Col.  A.  C. 
Godwin.  Lost  62. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
900.  Lost  345- 


Smith’s  Brigade 
Brig.  Gen.  William  Smith.  . . 

31st  Virginia,  Col.  J.  S.  Hoffman. 
Lost  27. 

49th  Virginia,  Lieut.  Col.  J.  Catlett 
Gibson.  Lost  100. 

52d  Virginia,  Lieut  Col.  James  H. 
Skinner.  Lost  15. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
800.  Lost  142. 


Gordon  s Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  John  B.  Gordon. 

13th  Georgia,  Col.  James  M.  Smith. 
Lost  103. 

26th  Georgia.  Col.  T.  N.  Atkinson. 
Lost  11. 

31st  Georgia.  Col.  C.  A.  Evanans. 
Lost  4.-5. 

38th  Georgia,  Capt.  W L.  McLeod. 
Lost  92. 

60th  Georgia,  Capt.  W.  B.  Jones. 
Lost  38. 

61  st  Georgia,  Col.  J.  H.  Lamar. 
Lost  99. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,500.  Lost  380. 


Artillery  Battalion. 

Lieut.  Col.  H.  P.  Jones-. 

Charlottesville  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Capt.  James  McD.  Carrington. 
Courtney  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Capt.  W.  A.  Tanner. 

Louisiana  Guard  Artillery,  Capt.  C.  A.  Green Lost.  7. 

Staunton  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Capt.  A.  W.  Garber “ 7. 

JOHNSON'S  DIVISION. 

Maj.  Gen.  Edward  Johnson. 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


83 


Stuart’s  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  George  H.  Stuart. 

1st  Maryland  Battalion : 

Lieut.  Col.  J.  R.  Herbert. 
Maj.  W.  W.  Goldsborough. 
Capt.  J.  P.  Crane.  Lost  44 
1st  North  Carolina,  Lieut.  Col.  H. 

A.  Brown.  Lost  62. 

3d  North  Carolina,  Maj.  W.  M. 

Parsley.  Lost  156. 

10th  Virginia,  Col.  E.  T.  H.  War- 
ren. Lost  25. 

23d  Virginia,  Lieut.  Col.  S.  T.  Wal- 
ton. Lost  18. 

37th  Virginia,  Maj.  H.  C.  Wood. 
Lost  54. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,700.  Lost  682. 

Stonewall  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  James  A.  Walker. 

2d  Virginia,  Col.  J.  Q.  A.  Naden- 
bousch.  Lost  14. 

4th  Virginia,  Maj.  Wm.  Terry. 
Lost  86. 

5th  Virginia,  Col.  J.  H.  S.  Funk. 
Lost  51. 

27th  Virginia,  Lieut.  Col.  D.  M. 

Shriver.  Lost  41. 

33d  Virginia,  Capt.  J.  B.  Gollady. 
Lost  48. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,450.  Lost  330. 


Nich oils ’ Brigade* 

Col.  J.  M.  Williams. 

1st  Louisiana,  Capt.  E.  D.  Willett. 
Lost  39-  . 

2d  Louisiana,  Lieut.  Col.  R.  E. 
Burke.  Lost  62. 

10th  Louisiana,  Maj.  T.  N.  Powell. 
Lost  91. 

14th  Louisiana,  Lieut.  Col.  D.  Zable. 
Lost  65. 

15th  Louisiana,  Maj.  A.  Brady. 
Lost  38. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,100.  Lost  388. 

Jones’  Brigade 
Brig.  Gen.  John  M.  Jones. 
Lieut.  Col.  R.  H.  Duncan. 

2 1 st  Virginia,  Capt.  W.  P.  Mosely. 
Lost  35. 

25th  Virginia  : Lost  40. 

Col.  J.  C.  Higginbotham. 

Lieut.  Col.  J.  A.  Robinson. 
42d  Virginia  : Lost  56. 

Lieut.  Col.  R.  W.  Withers. 
Capt.  Jesse  M.  Richardson. 
44th  Virginia:  Lost  17. 

Maj.  N.  Cobb. 

Capt.  T.  R.  Buckner. 

48th  Virginia  : Lost  58. 

Lieut.  Col.  R.  H.  Dugan. 

Maj.  Oscar  White. 

50th  Virginia:  Lost  60. 

Lieut.  Col.  L.  H.  N.  Salyer. 
Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,600.  Lost  421. 


Artillery  Battalion. 

Maj.  J.  W.  Latimer. 

Capt.  Chari.es  I.  Rain. 

1st  Maiyland  Battery,  Capt.  William  F.  Dement Lost  5. 

Allegheny  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Capt.  J.  C.  Carpenter “ 24. 

Chesapeake  (Maryland)  Artillery,  Capt.  Wm.  D.  Brown. . “ 16. 

Lee  (Virginia)  Battery: “ 4. 

Capt.  Charles  I.  Raine. 

Lieut.  William  W.  Hardwicke. 

RODES*  DIVISION. 

Maj.  Gen.  Robert  E.  Rodes. 


* The  regimental  commanders  are  given  as  reported  for  June  14. 


84 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


Daniel’s  Brigade 
Brig.  Gen.  Junius  Daniel. 

32d  North  Carolina : Lost  142. 

Col.  E.  C.  Brabble. 

43d  North  Carolina  : Lost  147. 

Col.  T.  S.  Kenan. 

Lieut.  Col.  W.  G.  Lewis. 
45th  North  Carolina:  Lost  219. 

Lieut.  Col.  S.  H.  Boyd. 

Maj.  John  R.  Winston. 

Capt.  A.  H.  Gallaway. 

Capt.  J.  A.  Hopkins. 

53d  North  Carolina:  Lost  117. 

Col.  W.  A.  Owens. 

2d  North  Carolina  Battalion: 
Lost  158. 

Lieut.  Col.  H.  L.  Andrews. 
Capt.  Van  Brown. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
2,100.  Lost  916. 

Dole’s  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  George  Doles. 

4th  Georgia  : Lost  45. 

Lieut.  Col.  D.  R.  E.  Wion. 
Maj.  W.  H.  Willis. 

12th  Georgia,  Col.  Edward  Willis. 
Lost  49. 

21  st  Georgia,  Col.  J.  T.  Mercer. 
Lost  17. 

44th  Georgia  : Lost  68. 

Col.  S.  P.  Lumpkin. 

Maj.  W.  H.  Peebles. 

Brigade  Lost  179. 


Iverson’s  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Alfred  Iverson. 

5th  North  Carolina*  Lost  143. 

Capt.  Speight.  B.  West. 

Capt.  Benjamin  Robinson. 
12th  North  Carolina,  Lieut.  Col.  W. 

S.  Davis.  Lost  66. 

20th  North  Carolina  :f  Lost  122. 

Capt.  Lewis  T.  Hicks. 

Lieut.  Col.  Nelson  Slough. 
23d  North  Carolina: 

23d  North  Carolina : t Lost  134. 
Col.  D.  H.  Christie. 

Capt.  William  H.  Johnson. 

Brigade  Lost  820. 


Ramseur’s  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Stephen  D.  Ramseur. 

2d  North  Carolina : Lost  32. 

Maj.  D.  W.  Hurtt. 

Capt.  James  T.  Scales. 

4th  North  Carolina,  Col.  B. 

Grimes.  Lost  66. 

14th  North  Carolina : Lost  44. 

Col.  R.  Taylor  Bennett. 

Maj.  Joseph  Lambeth. 

30th  North  Carolina:  Lost  45. 

Col.  Francis  M.  Parker. 

Maj.  W.  W.  Sillers. 

Brigade  Lost  177. 


O’Neal’s  Brigade. 


Col.  Edward  A.  O'Neal. 

3d  Alabama,  Col.  C.  A.  Battle-. Lost  91. 

5th  Alabama,  Col.  J.  M.  Hall “ 130. 

6th  Alabama : 

Col.  J.  N.  Lightfoot “ 131. 

Capt.  M.  L.  Bowie. 

12th  Alabama;  Col.  S.  B.  Pickens “ 78. 

26th  Alabama,  Lieut.  Col.  John  C.  Goodgame “ 46. 

Brigade  brought  into  action,  1650.  Lost,  696. 


* The  four  captains  present  (West  Robinson,  James  M.  Taylor,  Thomas 
N.  Jordan),  were  reported  as  wounded  July  1;  Robinson  and  Taylor  as 
having  rejoined  July  2,  but  it  does  not  appear  who  commanded  during 
Robinson’s  absence. 

$ Lieutenant-Colonel  Slough  and  Major  John  S.  Brooks  reported  as 
wounded  at  4 p.  m.  July  1. 

Colonel  Christie,  Lieutenant  Col.  R.  D.  Johnston,  Maj.  C.  C.  Blacknall, 
and  the  senior  captain  (Abner  D.  Peace),  reported  as  wounded  early  in 
the  fight,  July  I. 


1 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBTRG. 


85 


Artillery  Battalion. 

Lieut.  Col.  Thomas  H.  Carter. 

Jeff.  Davis  (Alabama)  Artillery,  Capt.  W.  J.  Reese. 

King  William  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Capt.  W.  P.  Carter. 

Morriss  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Capt.  R.  C.  M.  Page. 

Orange  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Capt.  C.  W.  Fry.  Total  loss,  65. 


RESERVE  ARTILLERY. 


I 


Col.  J.  Thompson  Brown. 


Brown’s  Battalion. 


Nelson’s  Battalion. 


Capt.  Willis  J.  Dance. 

2d  Richmond  (Virginia)  Howitzers 
Capt.  David  Watson. 

3d  Richmond  (Virginia)  Howitzers 
Capt.  B.  H.  Smith,  jr. 
Powhatan  (Virginia)  Artillery, 
Lieut.  John  M.  Cunningham. 
Rockbridge  (Virginia)  Artillery, 
Capt.  A.  Graham. 

Salem  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Lieut. 
C.  B.  Griffin!  Total  loss  22. 


Lieut.  Col.  William  Nelson. 
Amherst  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Capt. 

T.  J.  Kirkpatrick. 

Fluvanna  (Virginia)  Artillery, 
Capt.  J.  L.  Massie. 

Georgia  Battery,  Capt.  John  Mil- 
ledge,  Jr.  Total  loss  22. 


Total  loss  of  Second  Corps,  5*937. 


THIRD  ARMY  CORPS. 
Lieut.  Gen.  Ambrose  P.  Hill, 
anderson's  division. 

Maj.  Gen.  Richard  H.  Anderson. 


Wilcox’s  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Cadmus  M.  Wilcox. 
8th  Alabama,  Lieut.  Col.  Hilary  A. 

Herbert.  Lost  161. 

9th  Alabama,  Capt.  J.  H.  King. 
Lost  58. 

10th  Alabama:  > Lost  104. 

Col.  William  H.  Forney. 
Lieut.  Col.  James  E.  Shelley, 
nth  Alabama:  Lost  75. 

Col.  J.  C.  C.  Sanders. 

Lieut.  Col.  George  E.  Tayloe. 
14th  Alabama  : Lost  48. 

Col.  L.  Pinckard. 

Lieut.  Col.  James  A.  Broome. 
Brigade  brought  into  action 
i,777-  Lost  787. 

Mak one’s  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  William  Mahone. 
6th  Virginia,  Col.  George  T.  Rog- 
ers. Lost  3. 

12th  Virginia,  Col.  D.  A.  Weisiger. 
Lost  14. 

i6thvVirginia,  Col.  Joseph  H.  Ham. 
Lost  9. 

41st  Virginia,  Col.  William  A.  Par- 
ham. Lost  12. 

61st  Virginia,  Col.  V.  D.  Groner. 
Lost  .12. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,500.  Lost  102. 


Wright’s  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Ambrose  R.  Wright 
Col.  William  Gibson. 

Brig.  Gen.  Ambrose  R.  Wright. 

3d  Georgia,  Col.  E.  J.  Walker. 

Lost  100. 

22d  Georgia  : Lost  96. 

Col.  Joseph  Wasden. 

Capt.  B.  C.  McCurry. 

48th  Georgia  : Lost  90. 

Col.  William  Gibson. 

Capt.  M.  R.  Hall. 

Col.  William  Gibson. 

2d  Georgia  Battalion : Lost  49. 

Maj.  George  W.  Rdss. 

Capt.  Charles  J.  Moffet. 
Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,450.  Lost  873. 

Perry’s  Brigade. 

Col.  David  Lang. 

2d  Florida,  Maj.  W.  R.  Moore. 
Lost  81. 

5th  Florida,  Capt.  R.  N.  Gardner. 
Lost  75. 

8th  Florida,  Col.  David  Lang.  Lost 
94- 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
700.  Lost  455. 


86 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


Posey’s  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Carnot  Posey. 

12th  Mississippi,  Col.  W.  H.  Taylor Lost  7. 

16th  Mississippi,  Col.  Samuel  E.  Baker “ 19. 

19th  Mississippi,  Col.  N.  H.  Harris “ 27. 

48th  Mississippi,  Col.  Joseph  M.  Jayne “ 30. 

Brigade  brought  into  action,  1150.  Lost,  83. 

Sumter  ( Georgia ) Artillery  Battalion. 

Maj.  John  Lane. 

Company  A,  Capt.  Hugh  M.  Ross Lost  8. 

Company  B,  Capt.  George  M.  Patterson “ 7. 

Company  C,  Capt.  John  T.  Wingfield “ 9. 

heth’s  division. 

Maj.  Gen.  Henry  Heth. 

Brig.  Gen.  J.  Johnston  Pettigrew. 


First  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  J.  Johnston  Pettigrew. 
Col.  James  K.  Marshal. 
nth  North  Carolina,  Col.  Collett 
Leventhorpe.  Lost  209. 

26th  North  Carolina:  Lost  588. 

Col.  Henry  K.  Burgwyn,  Jr. 
Capt.  H.  C.  Albright. 

47th  North  Carolina,  Col.  G.  H. 

Faribault.  Lost  161. 

52d  North  Carolina:  Lost  147- 

Col.  J.  K.  Marshall. 

Lieut.  Col.  Marcus  A.  Parks. 
Brigade  brought  into  action 
2000.  Lost  1405. 

Second  Grigade. 

Col.  J.  M.  Brockenbrough. 
40th  Virginia:  Lost  42. 

Capt.  T.  E.  Betts. 

Capt.  R.  B.  Davis. 

47th  Virginia,  Col.  Robt.  M.  Mayo. 
Lost  48. 

55th  Virginia,  Col.  W.  S.  Christian. 
Lost  34. 

226.  Virginia  Battalion,  Maj.  John 
S.  Bowles.  Lost  24. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
1 100.  Lost  208. 


Third  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  James  J.  Archer. 

Col.  B.  D.  Fry. 

Lieut.  Col.  S.  G.  Shepard. 

13th  Alabama,  Col.  B.  D.  Fry.  Lost 
42. 

5th  Alabama  Battalion,  Maj.  A.  S. 

Van  de  Graaff.  Lost  26. 
1 st  Tennessee  (Provisional  Army) 
Maj.  Felix  G.  Buchanan. 
Lost  42. 

7th  Tennessee,  Lieut.  Col.  S.  G. 

Shepard.  Lost  23. 

14th  Tennessee,  Capt.  B.  L.  Philips. 
Brigade  brought  into  action 
1048.  Lost  677. 

Fourth  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Joseph  R.  Davis. 

2d  Mississippi,  Col.  J.  M.  Stone. 
Lost  232. 

nth  Mississippi,  Col.  F.  M.  Green. 
Lost  202. 

42d  Mississippi,  Col.  H.  R.  Miller. 
Lost  265. 

55th  North  Carolina,  Col.  J.  K. 
Connally.  Lost  198. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
2000.  Lost  1397. 


Artillery  Battalion. 

Lieut.  Col.  John  J.  Garnett. 

Donaldsonville  (Louisiana)  Artillery,  Capt.  V.  Maurin. 

Huger  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Capt.  Joseph  D.  Moore. 

Lewis  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Capt.  John  W.  Lewis. 

Norfolk  (Virginia)  Light  Artillery  Blues,  Capt.  C.  R.  Grandy. 

Total  loss,  22. 

pender’s  division. 


Maj.  Gen.  William  D.  Pender. 
Brig.  Gen.  James  H.  Lane. 

Maj.  Gen.  Isaac  R Trimble. 

\ Brig.  Gen.  James  H.  Lane. 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


87 


First  Brigade. 

McGowan 

Col.  Abner  Perrin. 

1st  South  Carolina  (Provisional 
Army),  Maj.  C.  W.  Mc- 
Creary. Lost  95. 

1st  South  Carolina  Rifles,  Capt. 

William  M.  Hadden.  Lost  11. 
12th  South  Carolina,  Col.  John  L. 

Miller.  Lost  132. 

13th  South  Carolina,  Lieut.  Col.  B. 

T.  Brockman.  Lost  130. 

14th  South  Carolina,  Lieut.  Col. 
Joseph  N.  Brown.  Lost  209. 
Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,600.  Lost  577. 


Third  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Edward  L.  Thomas. 

14th  Georgia.  Lost  32. 

35th  Georgia.  Lost  48 
45th  Georgia.  Lost  35. 

49th  Georgia,  Col.  S.  T.  Player. 
Lost  37. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,200.  Lost  270. 


Second  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  James  H.  Lane. 
Col.  C.  M.  Avery. 

Brig.  Gen.  James  H.  Lane. 
Col.  C.  M.  Avery. 

7th  North  Carolina:  Lost  89. 

Capt.  J.  McLeod  Turner. 
Capt.  James  G.  Harris. 

18th  North  Carolina,  Col.  John  D. 

Barry.  Lost  45. 

28th  North  Carolina:  Lost  104. 

Col.  S.  D.  Lowe. 

Lieut.  Col.  W.  H.  A.  Speer. 
33d  North  Carolina,  Col.  C.  M. 

Avery.  Lost  63. 

37th  North  Carolina,  Col.  W.  M. 
Barbour.  Lost  88. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,355.  Lost  660. 

Fourth  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Aeered  M.  Scales. 
Lieut.  Col.  G.  T.  Gordon. 

Col.  William  Lee  J.  Lowrance. 

13th  North  Carolina,  Col.  J.  H.  Hy- 
man. Lost  126. 

1 6th  North  Carolina,  Lieut.  Col. 

William  A.  Stowe.  Lost  66. 
22d  North  Carolina,  Col.  James 
Conner.  Lost  89. 

34th  North  Carolina,  Col.  William 
Lee  J.  Lowrance.  Lost  64. 
38th  North  Carolina,  Col.  W.  J. 
Hoke.  Lost  79. 

Brigade  brought  into  action 
1,250.  Lost  599. 


Artillery  Battalion.  • 

Maj.  William  T.  Poague. 

Albemarle  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Capt.  James  W.  Wyatt. 
Charlotte  (N«rth  Carolina)  Artillery,  Capt.  Joseph  Graham. 
Madison  (Mississippi)  Light  Artillery,  Capt.  George  Ward. 
Virginia  Battery,  Capt.  J.  V.  Brooke.  Total  loss  32. 


RESERVE  ARTILLERY. 


Col.  R.  Lindsay  Walker. 


McIntosh’s  Battalion 

Maj.  D.  G.  McIntosh. 

Danville  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Capt. 
R.  S.  Rice. 

Hardaway  (Alabama)  Artillery, 
Capt.  W.  B.  Hurt. 

2d  Rockbridge  (Virginia)  Artillery 
Lieut.  Samuel  Wallace. 


Pegram’s  Battalion 
Maj.  W.  J.  Pegram. 

Capt.  E.  B.  Brunson. 

Crenshaw  (Virginia)  Batttery. 
Fredericksburg  (Virginia)  Artil- 
lery, Capt.  E.  A.  Marye. 
Letcher  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Capt 
T.  A.  Brander. 


88 


BATTI.E  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


Virginia  Battery,  Capt.  M.  Johnson. 
Total  loss  32. 


Pee  Dee  (South  Carolina)  Artil- 
lery, Lieut.  William  E.  Zim- 
merman. 

Purcell  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Capt 
Joseph  McGraw.  Total  loss 
48. 

Total  loss  Third  Corps,  6,735. 


CAVALRY. 


STUART'S  DIVISION. 

Maj.  Gen.  James  E.  B.  Stuart. 


Fitz  Lee's  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Fitz  LEE. 

1st  Maryland  Battalion  :* 

Maj.  Harry  Gilmor. 

Maj.  Ridgely  Brown. 

1st  Virginia,  Col.  James  H.  Drake. 
Lost  22. 

2d  Virginia,  Col.  T.  T.  Munford. 
Lost  5. 

3d  Virginia,  Col.  Thos.  H.  Owen. 
Lost  6. 

4th  Virginia,  Col.  Williams  C. 

Wickham.  Lost  17. 

5th  Virginia,  Col.  T.  L.  Rosser. 

Robertson's  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Beverly  H.  RorertsonI 
4th  North  Carolina,  Col.  D.  D. 
Ferebee. 

5th  North  Carolina. 


Jones'  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  William  E.  Jones 

6th  Virginia,  Maj.  C.  E.  Flournoy. 
Lost  28. 

7th  Virginia,  Lieut.  Col.  Thomas 
Marshall.  Lost  30. 
nth  Virginia,  Col.  L.  L.  Lomax. 
35th  Virginia  Battalion,  Lieut.  Col. 
E.  V.  White. 


Hampton's  Brigade 
Brig.  Gen.  Wade  Hampton. 
Col.  L.  S.  Baker. 

I st  North  Carolina Lost  23. 

1 st  South  Carolina 14 

2d  South  Carolina 7 

Cobb’s  (Georgia)  Legion 21 

Jeff.  Davis’  Legion 15 

Phillips’  (Georgia)  Legion 10 


Jenkins'  Brigade. 

Col.  M.  J.  Ferguson. 

14th  Virginia. 

16th  Virginia. 

17th  Virginia,  Col.  W.  H.  French. 
34th  Virginia  Battalion,  Lieut.  Col. 

V.  A.  Vichter. 

36th  Virginia  Battalion. 

W H F.  Lee's  Brigade. 

Col.  J.  R.  Chambliss,  Jr. 

2d  North  Carolina, 
gth  Virginia,  Col.  R.  L.  T.  Beale. 
Lost  12. 

10th  Virginia,  Col.  J.  Lucius  Davis. 
Lost  12. 

13th  Virginia.  Lost  17. 


Stuart  Horse  Artillery. 
Maj.  R.  F.  Beckham. 


Breathed’s  (Virginia)  Battery,  Capt  James  Breathed. 
Chew’s  (Virginia)  Battery,  Capt.  R.  P.  Chew. 

Griffin’s  (Maryland)  Battery,  Capt.  W.  H.  Griffin. 

Hart’s  (South  Carolina)  Battery,  Capt.  J.  F.  Hart. 
McGregor’s  (Virginia)  Battery,  Capt.  W.  M.  McGregor. 
Moorman’s  (Virginia)  Battery,  Capt.  M.  N.  Moorman. 


* Serving  with  Ewell’s  corps,  f Commanded  his  own  and  William  E. 
Jones’  brigade. 


BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


89 


Imboden’s  Command. 

Brig.  Gen.  John  D.  Imboden. 

18th  Virginia  Cavalry,  Col.  George  W.  Imboden. 

62d  Virginia  Infantry  (mounted),  Col.  George  H.  Smith. 
Virginia  Partisan  Rangers.  Capt.  John  H.  McNeil. 
Virginia  Battery,  Capt.  J.  H.  McClanahan. 


Total  loss  Stuart’s  Division 240 

Grand  Total  20,451 


# 


Location  of  Monuments,  Tablets  and  Markers  on  Gettys- 
burg Battlefield,  Alphabetically  Arranged  by  States. 

4 ^ 


CONNECTICUT  INFANTRY. 


Reg. Brig. Corn’d  Brig.  Div  Corps 


5 McDougall  i i 

14  Smyth  2 3 

14  Smyth  2 3 

17  Ames  2 1 

17  Ames  2 1 

20  McDougall  1 1 

27  Brooke  4 1 

27  Brooke  4 1 


12 

2 

2 

11 

11 

12 
2 
2 


Location. 

Culp’s  Hill,  N.  of  Spangler’s  Spring  .... 
Hancock  Av.,  just  N.  of  Bloody  Angle  . . . 
Marker — Where  Bliss  Buildings  stood  . . . 
Barlow’s  Knoll,  right  of  1 ith  Ccrps  line,  1st  d. 

East  slope  of  East  Cemetery  Hill 

Culp’s  Hill,  North  of  Spangler’s  Spring  . . . 

Rose  Grove,  South  of  Loop 

North  East  Wheat  Fieldd 


For 

Reg’m’t 

Details 

Page 

73 

70 

58 

72 


64 


Corn’d  Brig.  Art.  Corps  CONNECTICUT  ARTILLERY. 


ad  Bat. Sterling  2 Vol  Res  Hancock  Av.,  North  of.Weikert  House  . . 

DELAWARE  INFANTRY. 


1 Smyth 
1 Smyth 

1 Smyth 

2 Brooke 


82  Schimmel- 

fennig 


8 Gamble 
8 Co.  E 
12  Gamble 


232  Hancock  Av.,  North  of  Bloody  Angle  . . . 
232  Hancock  Av.,  North  of  Bloody  Angle  . . . 
232  Marker — Where  Bliss  Buildings  stood  . . , 
412  North  Wheat  Field 

ILLINOIS  INFANTRY. 

1 3 11  Howard  Av.,  West  of  and  near  Carlisle  Road 


ILLINOIS  CAVALRY. 

1 1 Cav.  Reynolds’  Av.,  S.  of  Chambersburg  Pike  . . 

1 1 Cav.  Chambersburg  Pike,  1 miles  West  . . . . 

1 1 Cav.  Reynolds’  Av.,  between  Chambersburg  Pike 

and  Rail  Road  cut 


68 


70 


64 


57 


55 


56 


Feg.Brig.Com’d  Brig.  Div  Corps  INDIANA  INFANTRY. 


7 Cutler 
14  Carroll 
10  Meredith 

20  Ward 
27  Colgrove 
27  Colgrove 


3 Gamble 


3 Ward 
3 Ward 

3 Ward 

4 Ward 

4 Ward 

5 Bartlett 

6 Russell 

7 Neill 

10  Pro. Guard 
16  Paul 
16  Paul 


Location. 

2 1 1 Culp’s  Hill,  just  North  of  Observatory  . . . 

132  East  Cemetery  Hill 

111  S. West  of  Reynold’s  Grove,  near  Willoughby 

Run 

213  In  woods  South  of  Wheat  Field 

3 1 12  Near  woods,  S.E.  of  Spangler’s  Spring  . . . 

3 1 12  Marker — Meadow,  E.  of  Spangler’s  Spring  . 

INDIANA  CAVALRY. 

1 1 Cav.  Reynold’s  Av.,  just  N.  of  Rail  Road  cut  . . 

MAINE  INFANTRY. 

2 1 3 In  Peach  Orchard,  South  side 

213  Marker — Confederate  Av.  In  grove  North 

of  Pitzer’s  Woods 

2 3 Marker — Hancock  Av.,  near  High  Water 

Mark 2 

213  Valley  of  Death,  near  Devil’s  Den 

2 1 3*  Hancock  Av.,  near  High  Water  Mark  . . . 

2 1 6 S . Sedgwick  Av.,  and  road  to  Valley  of  Death 

316  Wright  Av.,  East  of  Taneytown  Road  . . . 

3 2 16  Neill  Av.,  Wolf  Hill 

12  Baltimore  Pike,  near  Lightner  House  . . . 

1 2 1 S.  Doubleday  Av.  Oak  Ridge 

1 2 1 Marker — Oak  Ridge  and  Mummasburg  Road 


72 

72 
55 

65 

73 


56 


62 

61 


65 


59 

73 

73 

57 


INDEX. 


9i 


1 7 De  Trobri-  3 1 

and 

1 7 De  Trobri-  3 1 

and 

19  Harrow  1 2 

19  Harrow  1 2 

20  Vincent  3 1 

20  Vincent  3 1 

2d  Co.  D Voi.  U.S.S.S. 


3 South  side  of  Wheat  Field,  at  stone  wall 


For 

Reg’l 

Details 

Page 

64 


3 Marker — Hancock  Av.,  near  Pleasonton  Av.  68 


2 Hancock  Av.  (1st  Line),  S.  of  High  Water 

Mark 69 

2 Marker — Hancock  Av.,  in  grove  opposite 

Pleasonton  Av 

5 Chamberlain  Av.,  S.E.  slope  of  Little  Round 

Top 67 

5 Big  Round  Top,  near  Summit 66 

West  of  Slyder  Buildings 66 

MAINE  CAVALRY. 


Reg.Bat.  Corn’d  Brig.  Div  Corps 


Location 


1 Gregg  3 2 Cav.  Hanover  Road,  Cavalry  Field 


MAINE  ARTILLERY. 


Bat. 

Corn’d  Brig.  Art. Corps 

2 

B 

Hall  Art. 

. 1 

2 

B 

Hall  Art. 

1" 

5 

E 

St’v’nsArt. 

1 

S 

E 

St’v’nsArt. 

1 

6 

F 

Dow  4Vol.Res. 

Stone  Av.  and  Chambersburg  Pike  .... 
Marker — S.W.  Corner  National  Cemetery  . 
Steven’s  Knoll,  West  of  Culp’s  Hill  . . . . 
Marker — Seminary  Ridge,  near  Sem.  B’ld’gs 
Hancock  Av.,  North  of  U.  S.  Av 


MARYLAND  INFANTRY. 


1 P.H.B.Lock-  2 

Wood 

I E.S.  . 2 

Lockwood 

3 McDougall  1 


1 McIntosh  1 
Purnell  Troup  A 3 


1 Bat.  Corn’d 
1 A .Rigby  4V0I. 


1 12  Culp’s  Hill,  near  Spangler’s  Spring  .... 

1 12  Slocum  Av.,  South  of  Observatory,  Culp’s 

Hill 

1 12  Slocum  Av.,  N.  of  Spangler’s  Spring, Culp’s 

Hill 

MARYLAND  CAVALRY. 

2 Cav.  Cavalry  Field 

2 Cav.  Cavalry  Field 

MARYLAND  ARTILLERY. 


Res.  Summit  Power’s  Hill  . . fc. 

CONFEDERATE  MD.  INFANTRY. 


Reg.Brig.Com’d.  Brig.  Div  Corps 
2 Stewart  1 2 

2 Stewart  1 2 


Location 

2 Top  of  hill,  South  of  ravine,  Culp’s  Hill  . . 
2 Marker — 100  yards  West  of  Monument  . . 


MICHIGAN  INFANTRY. 


1 Tilton  1 

3 D’Trobriand  3 

4 Sweitzer  2 

5 D ’Trobri?  ^d  3 

7 Hall  3 

16  Vincent  3 

24  Meredith  1 

SSCo’  sC.I.R.&B. 


1 ] 2 

6 Custer  * 

7 J 2 


1  s West  end  of  Loop 

1 3 S.  E.  corner  of  Peach  Orchard 

1 s South  of  Sickles  Av.,  Wheat  Field  .... 

1 3 Sickles  Av.,  in  grove  East  of  Loop  .... 

2 2 Hancock  Av.  ( 1st  line)  S.  of  High  Water  M’rk 

i 5 South  West  slope  of  Little  Round  Top  . . 

1 1 Meredith  Av.,  Reynolds’  Grove 

West  slope  of  Little  Round  Top 

MICHIGAN  CAVALRY. 

3 Cav. 

3  Cav. 

3 Cav.  Brigade  Monument.  Cavalry  Field  . . . . 
3 Cav. 

MICHIGAN  ARTILLERY. 


73 


72 

73 


73 


73 


Hancock  Av.,  S.  of  Pleasonton  Av. 


Bat.  Corn’d  BrigTArt. 
9th  I Daniel’s'x  Horse 


68 


92 


INDEX. 


MASSACHUSETTS  INFANTRY. 


For 

Reg’l 

Detail* 

Page 


£ Carr 
2 Colgrove 
7 Eustis 
9 Sweitzer 
io  Eustis 
n Carr. 

12  Baxter 
12  Baxter 

12  Baxter 

13  Paul 

IS  Harrow 

IS  Harrow 

15  Harrow 

16  Carr 

1 8 Tilton 

19  Hall 

19  Hall 

20  Hall 

20  Hall 
22  Tilton 
28  Kelly 
32  Sweitzer 

32  Sweitzer 

33  Smith 

37  Eustis 
1st  Co.  S.  S. 
2d  Co.  S.  S. 


3 1 

2 3 

2 1 

2 3 

1 2 

2 2 

2 2 

2 2 

2 2 

1 2 

I 2 

1 2 

2 I 

I I 

3 2 

3 2 

3 2 

3 2 

1 1 

2 1 

2 1 

2 1 

2 2 


Andrew’s 

Andrew’s 


3 Emmitsburg  Road,  N.  of  Roger’s  House  . 

1 2 Edge  of  woods,  S.E.  of  Spangler’s  Spring  . 

6 Sedgwick  Av.,  N.  of  Little  Round  Top  . . 

5 North  base  of  Big  Round  Top  . . . 

6 Sedgwick  Av.,  N.  of  Little  Round  Top  . . 

3 Sickles  Av.  and  Emmitsburg  Road  . . . 

1 Doubleday  Av.,  near  Observatory.  Oak  Ridge. 

1 Marker — Zeigler’s  Grove 

1 Marker — Hancock  Av.,  N.of  U.  S.  Av  . . . 

1 Robinson  Av.,  below  Obseivatory,  Oak  Ridge 

2 Hancock  Av.  (1st  Line)  South  of  High  Water 

Mark 

2 Ward  Killed — Codori  Field,  West  of  High 
Water  Mark 

2 Marker — at  Copse  of  Trees,  Hancock  Av.  . . 

3 Emmitsburg  Road,  S.  of  Rodger’s  House  . 

5 North  side  of  Loop 

2 Hancock  Av.,  2d  Line,  S.  of  High  Water  Mark 
2 Marker — at  Copse  of  Trees,  Hancock.  A v.  . 

2 Pudding  Stone — Hancock  Av.,  isi;  Line.  S. 

of  High  Water  Mark 

2 Marker — at  Copse  of  Trees,  Hancock  Av.  . 

S South  side  of  Loop 

2 In  grove  at  1 oop 

S South  side  of  Loop 

5 Hospital  Tablet — on  rock  in  Loop  grove  . . 

1 1 Slocum  Av.,  between  Steven’s  Knoll  and  Bal- 
timore Pike 

6 In  woods  East  side  of  S.  Sedgwick  Av.  . . 

Hancock  Av.,  just  N.  of  Bloody  Angle  . . . 
South  side  of  Looo 


60 

73 

67 

66 

67 
60 

56 

68 
68 

57 

69. 

60 

69 

61 

63 

69 

63 

63 

63 


MASSACHUSETTS  CAVALRY. 


1 McIntosh  1 2 Cav.  South  Sedgwick  Av. 


MASSACHUSETTS  ARTILLERY. 


Reg. Bat.  iCom’d  Brig  Div‘ Corps 


1st 

A 

McCartney 

Art. 

6 

3rd 

C 

Walcot 

Art. 

5 

5 th 

E 

Philips 

1 Vol  Res. 

Art. 

9th 

Bigelow 

1 Vol.Res. 

Art. 

9th 

\ 

Biglow 

* 1 Vol.Res. 

Art. 

9 th 

Biglow 

1 Vol.Res. 

Art. 

Location 

National  Cemetery,  near  Rostrum 
In  field  at  N.  end"  of  Crawford  Av. 
Sickles  Av.,  near  S.  E.  cor.  of  Ex- 
celsior Field 

Sickles  Av.*  E.  of  Excelsior  Field  . 
Marker— U.S.  Av.,  near  Trostle  . . 

Building 

Marker — Ziegler’s  Grove  .... 


MINNESOTA  INFANTRY. 


Reg. Brig. Corn’d  Brig.  Div ’Corps 
1 Harrow  1 2 

1 Harrow  1 2 

1 Harrow  1 2 


2 

2 

2 


Hancock  Av.,  S.  of  Pleasonton  Av 

Hancock  Av.  1st  Line  S.  of  High  Water  Mark 
At  Minnesota  Plot,  National  Cemetery  . . 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  INFANTRY. 


2 Burling  3 2 

S Cross  1 1 

♦ 

5 Cross  1 1 

12  Carr  1 2 

1st  Co.  E.  S.  S. 

2nd  Co.  S.  F.  & G.  S.  S.  ) 


3 South  side  of  Peach  Orchard 

2 In  woods  East  of  Sickles  Av.,  S.  of  Wheat 
Field 

2 Marker — Just  South  of  Monument  .... 

3 Emmitsburg  Road,  just  S.  of  Rodger’s 

House 

Hancock  Av.,  opposite  Pleasonton  Av.  . . 


67 


68 

69 


62 

65 

65 

61 

68 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  ARTILLERY. 


1st  Bat.  Edgell  3 Vol.Res'.  Art.  National  Cemetery,  near  W.  gate 


NEW  JERSEY  INFANTRY. 


INDEX. 


93 


f 


2 Torbert’s 

3 N.J. 

4 

15  Brigade 

4 Torbert 

5 Burling 

6 Burling 

7 Burling 

8 Burling 

11  Can- 

12  Smyth 

12  Smyth 

13  Colgrove 


i McIntosh 


i i 6 


Train  Guard  6 


3 2 3 
323 
323 
323 
1 2 3 

232 
232 
3112 


1 2 Cav. 


1st  Bat.  A.  Heximer,4  Vol.  Art. 
2d  Bat.  B.  Clark  Art.  3 

mm 


10  'Smith 

1 2^Cos.  D & E 

[5  &50  Engineers 

39  Willard 

2 

3 

2 

5 

3 

3 

2 

39  Willard 

3 

3 

2 

40  D’Trobriand 

3 

1 

3 

41  VonGilsa 

1 

1 

1 1 

42  Hall 

3 

2 

2 

43  Neill 

3 

2 

6 

44  Vincent 

3 

I 

5 

45  Schimmel- 
fennig 

45  Schimmel- 

1 

3 

1 1 

fennig 

1 

3 

1 1 

49  Neill 

>0  &15  Engineers 

2 

3 

6 

52  Zook 

3 

1 

2 

54  Von  Gilsa 

1 

1 

11 

57  Zook 

3 

1 

2 

58  Krzyzanow- 
ski 

2 

3 

11 

59  Hall 

3 

2 

2 

60  Greene 

3 

2 

12 

61  Cross 

1 

1 

2 

6 1 Nevin 

63  ) Kelly's 

3 

3 

6 

69  > Irish 

88  * Brigade 

2 

1 

2 

64  Brooke 

4 

1 

2 

65  Shaler 

I 

3 

6 

66  Zook 

3 

1 

2 

67  Shaler 

1 

3 

6 

68  Von  Gilsa 

70  1 

71  1 Brewster’s 

1 

1 

11 

72  Y Excelsior 

73  | Brigade 

74  J 

2 

2 

3 

73 

2 

2 

3 

76  Cutler 

2 

I 

1 

76  Cutler 

2 

I 

1 

77  Neill 

3 

2 

6 

78  Greene 

3 

2 

12 

80  Biddle 

1 

3 

1 

Sedgwick  Av.,  Weikert  Hill 


Marker — At  junction  of  road,  S.E.  of  Power’s 

Hill 

Emmittsburg  Road,  South  of  Roger’s  House 
N.  of  Crawford  Av.,  Valley  of  Death  . . . 
Excelsior  Field,  N.  E.  of  Peach  Orchard  . . 

Wheat  Field,  South  of  Loop 

Emmittsburg  Road,  S.  of  Roger’s  House  . 
Hancock  Av.,  near  Bryan  House  .... 
Marker — Where  Bliss  Buildings  Stood  . . 
In  woods  S.  E.  of  Spangler’s  Spring,  near 
Rock  Creek 

NEW  JERSEY  CAVALRY. 

Cavalry  Field 

NEW  JERSEY  ARTILLERY. 

Hancock  Av.,  S.  of  Pleasonton  Av 

Excelsior  Field,  N.  E.  of  Peach  Orchard  . . 

NEW  YORK  INFANTRY. 

South  side  of  Meade  Av . . 

(Headquarters)  12th  & 44th  Summit  of 

Little  Round  Top 

Pleasonton  Av.,  North  side  '. 

Cor.  Meade  and  Hancock  Av’s 

Marker — In  field  N.  of  U.  S.  Av 

Plum  Run  and  Warren  Av.,  Valley  of  Death 
Foot  of  S.  E.  slope  of  E.  Cemetery  Hill  . . 
(Tammany)  Hancock  Av.  (2d  Line)  near 

High  Water  Mark 

Neill  Av..  Wolf  Hill  

(44  & 12)  Summit  of  Little  Round  Top  . . . 

Howard  Av.,  near  Mummasburg  Road  . . . 
Marker — McLean’s  Lane  East  of  Oak  Ridge 

Neill  Av.,  Wolf  Hill 

Pleasonton  Av.,  N.  side 

In  grove  E.  of  Loop.  N.  side  of  Sickles  Av. 

Root  E.  slope  E.  Cemetery  Hill 

Sickles  Av.,  edge  of  grove  W.  Wheat  Field  . 
Howard  Av.,  E.  of  Carlisle  Road 

Hancock  Av.  (1st  Line)  S.  of  High  Water 

Mark 

Slocum  Ay.,  Culp’s  Hill,  below  Observatory 

North  East  Wheat  Field 

In  field  at  <N.  end  of  Crawford  Av 

Sickles  Av.  Ip  grove  E.  of  Loop 

Rose  Woods  S.  W.  of  Loop 

Slocum  Av.,  N.  of  ravine,  Culp’s  Hill  . . . 
N,  side  of  Sickles  Av.,  in  grove  at  Loop  . . 
W.  side  of  Slocum  Av.  N.  of  ravine,  Culp’s 

Hill 

Foot  of  E.  slope  of  E.  Cemetery  Hill  . . . 

1 

Excelsior  Field,  N.  E.  of  Peach  Orchard  . . 


(Soldier  & Fireman)  Sherfy  field,  North  of 

Peach  Orchard 

N.  Reynolds’  and  Wadsworth  Avenues  . 
Marker — Culp’s  Hill,  close  Observatory,  . . 

S.  E.  side  Power’s  Hill 

(78  & 102)  Slocum  Av.,  N.  of  ravine,  Culp’s 

Hill 

Reynold’s  Av.,  S.  of  Reynold’s  Grove  . 


For 

Reg’l 

Details 

Page 


67 


61 

66 

62 

8 

70 


73 


70 


61 


62 

56 

73 

72 

55 


94 


INDEX. 


Reg. Brig.  Com’d.Brig.  Div ’Corps 
82  Harrow  1 2 


83  Baxter 

84  Cutler 
84  Cutlet 
84  Cutler 
86  Ward 

93 

94  Paul 

95  Cutler 
95  Cutler 
95  Cutler 
95  Cutler 
95  Cutler 
97  Baxter 

102  Greene 


104  N.  Y. 

107  Colgrove 

108  Smyth 
hi  Willard 

39  1 

hi  J Willard 
125  » 

1 19  Krzyzanow- 

ski 

120  Brewster 

1 21  Bartlett 

122  Shaler 

123  McDougall 

123  McDougall 

124  Ward 

124  Ward 

125  Willard 

125  Willard 

126  Willard 
134  Coster 

136  Smith 

137  Greene 
140  Weed 

145  McDougall 

146  Weed 

147  Cutler 
147  Cutler 

149  Greene 

150  Lockwood 
150  Lockwood 
154  Coster 
157  Schimmel- 

fennig 

157  Schimmel- 
fennig 

157  Schimmel- 
fennig 

Ward  Cos.  A. 


Location. 

2 Hancock  Av.  (1st  Line)  S.  of  High  Water 

Mark 

1  Doubleday  Av.  Oak  Ridge 

1  (14th  Brooklyn)  Reynolds’  Av.  R.  R.  Cut  . 

1  (Marker)  S.  Stone  Av.,  near  Reynolds’  Grove 
1 (Tablet)  On  rock  north  of  ravine,  Culp’s  Hill 

3 Sickles  Av.,  N.  of  Devil’s  Den 

Meade’s  Headquarters 

1  S.  Doubleday  Av.  Oak  Ridge 

Reynolds’  Av.  R.  R.  cut 

1 Marker — Stone  Av.,  near  Reynolds’  Grove 
1 Marker — Wadsworth  Av  & N.  Sem.  Ridge  . 
1 Marker — Chembarsburg  Pike  & Sem.  Ridge 
1 Marker — Culp’s  Hill,  near  Observatory  . . 

1 Doubleday  Av.  Oak  Ridge 

12  (102  & 78)  Slocum  Av.,  N.  of  ravine,  Culp’s 
Hill 

1 Robinson  Ave  . 

12  Slocum  A v.,  just  N.  of  Spangler’s  Spring  . . 

2 Ziegler’s  Grove 

2  Hancock  Av.,  opp.  Bryan  House 

2  Marker — Sickles  Av.,  S.  of  Rogers  House  . . 


For 

Reg’l 

Details 

Page 


2 3 11  Howard  Av.,  E.  of  Carlisle  Road 

223  Sickles  Av.,  N.  of  U.  S.  Av 

216  Sykes  Av.,  N.  slope  of  Little  Round  Top  . . 
136  Slocum  Av.,  N.  of  ravine,  Culp’s  Hill  . . . 

1 1 12  Slocum  Av.,  S.  of  ravine,  Culp’s  Hill  . . . 

1 1 12  Marker — 50  yards  E.  of  Monument  .... 

213  Sickles  Av.,  Ridge  N.  of  Devil’s  Den  . . . 
213  Marker — In  field  N.  of  Pleasonton  Av.  . . 

332  Hancock  Av..  just  N.  of  Meade  Av 

332  Marker — Williard  killed— Codori  Thicket  . 

332  Zeigler’s  Grove 

1 2 11  East  'Cemetery  Hill 

1 2 11  Taneytown  Road,  S.  of  Steinwehr  Av.  . . . 

3 2 12  Slocum  Av.,  N.  of  ravine,  Culp’s  Hill  . . . 

325  Summit  of  Little  Round  Top 

1 1 12  Slocum  Av.,  N.  of  Spangler’s  Spring  . . . 

325  Little  Round  Top,  near  Warren  Statue  . . 

2 1 1 Reynolds’  Av.,  N.  side,  of  R.  R.  cut  .... 

2 1 1 Marker-Slocum  Av.,  N.  of  ravine,  Culp’s  Hill 

3 2 12  Slocum  Av.,  N.  of  ravine,  Culp’s  Hill  ...  . 

2 1 12  Slocum  A v.,  S.  of  observatory,  Culp’s  Hill  . 

2 1 12  Marker — U.  S.  Av.  Trostle  House  .... 

1 2 11  N.  E.  end  of  Gettysburg 

1 3 11  Howard  Av.  and  Carlisle  Road 

1 3 11  Howard  Av.  and  Mummasburg  Road  . . . 

1 3 11  Marker — Carlisle  Road,  N.  of  Howard  Av.  . 

B.  D.  & H.,  1st  U.S.  S.  S. — Confederate  Av.,  in  grove  N.  of 
Pitzer’s  Woods 


2 Huey 

4 Huey 

5 Farnsworth 

6 Devin 

8 Gamble 

9 Devin 
10  Gregg 


NEW  YORK  CAVALRY. 

2 2 Cav.  In  field  N.  of  Pleasonton  Av 

2 2 Cav.  In  field  N.  of  Pleasonton  Av 

1 3 Cav.  Wooded  hill,  S.  W.  of  Big  Round  Top  . . . 

2 1 Cav.  Buford  Av.,  S.  of 'Mummasburg  Road  . . . 

1 1 Cav.  Reynolds’  Av.,  S.  E.  cor  Reynolds’  Grove  . 

2 - 1 Cav.  Buford  Ave.,  S.  of  Mummasburg  Road  . . 

3 2 Cav.  Hanover  Road  to  Cavalry  Field 


Bat.  Commander. Brig.  Art. 


1st 

B 

Rorty 

Art. 

1st 

C 

Barnes 

Art. 

1st 

D 

. Winslow 

Art. 

1st 

E 

Attached  to  Bat.  L 

1st 

G 

Ames 

4 Vol  Res. 

1st 

G 

Ames 

4 Vol. Res. 

1st 

I 

Wiedrich 

Art. 

1st 

K 

Fitzhugh 

4 Vol. Res. 

1st 

L 

Reynolds 

Art. 

Corps  NEW  YORK  ARTILLERY. 

2 Hancock  Av.,  S.  of  High  Water  M’k. 

5 W.  side  of  S.  Sedgwick  Av 

3  N.  Wheat  Field 

S.  side  East  Cemetery  Hill  .... 
N.  W.  cor.  of  Peach  Orchard  . . . 
Marker — Hancock  Av.,  N.  of  U.S. A: 

11  East  Cemetery  Hill 

Hancock  Av.,  S.  of  Meade  Av.  . . 

1 Reynolds  Av.,  near  Reynolds  Grove 


68 

68 

66 

56 

55 

5^ 


62 

68 

71 

70 

55  *72 


INDEX. 


95 


Peg.Brig.  Corn’d  Brig.  Div‘ Corps 


I St 

M Winegar 

Art. 

12 

1st 

Cowan 

Art. 

6 

3rd 

Harn 

Art. 

6 

4th 

Smith 

Art. 

3 

5 th 

Taft  _ 

2 Vol.Res. 

6th 

Martin 

1 Horse 

10th 

Attached  to  Mass.  5th  E 

nth 

13th 

Attached  to  K 
Wheeler 

Art. 

11 

14th 

15 

Attached  to  B 
Hart 

1 Vol.Res. 

For 

Reg’l 

Details 

Page 

Location. 

Power’s  Hill . 73 

Hancock  Av.,  High  Water  Mark  . 69 

Taneytown  Road,  cor  National  C’y.  58 

Sickles  Av.,  near  top  of  Devil’s  Den  65 

East  end  of  National  Cemetery  . . 71 

Taneytown  Road,  near  Meade’s 

Headquarters 58 

Sickles  Av.,  S E.fcor  o Excelsior 

Field 

Hancock  Av.,  S.  of  Meade  Av.  . . 

Howard  Av.,  W.  of  Carlisle  Road  . 57 

Hancock  Av.,  S.  of  High  Water  M’k 
Sickles  Av.,  S.  W.  corner  Excelsior 

Field 62 


OHIO  INFANTRY. 


Carroll 
Cos.  G and  I 

Candy 

Candy 


7 Candy 

8 Carroll 
25  Ames 
25  Ames 

29  Candy 
55  Smith 
61  Schimmel- 
fennig 

61  Schimmel- 
fennig 
66  Candy 
73  Smith 
75  Ames 
75  Ames 

82  Krzyzanow- 
ski 

82  Krzyzanow- 
ski 

107  Ames 
Jo7  Ames 


1 Cos.  A and  C 


132  South  side  of  E.  Cemetery  Jlill.  ...... 

132  Marker — Emmittsburg  Road,  W.  of  Ziegler’s 
Grove 

1 2 12  N.  Geary  Av.,  along  ravine,  Culp’s  Hill  . . . 

1 2 12  Marker — Sykes  Av.,  N.  side  of  little  Round  . 

Top . . . 

1 2 12  Slocum  Av.,  just  N.  of  ravine,  Culp’s  Hill  . . 

132  Emmitsburg  Road,  W.  of  Zeigler’s  Grove  . 

2 1 11  (25th  & 75th)  Howard  Av.,  Barlow’s  Knoll 

2 1 11  (25  and  75)  Foot  of  N.E.  slope  of  E.  Cem- 
etery Hill . . 

1 2 12  Slocum  Av.,  just  N.  of  ravine,  Culp’s  Hill  . . 

2 2 11  Taneytown, and  Emmittsburg  Roads  . . . 

1 3 11  Howard  Av..  between  Mummasburg  and  Car- 
lisle Roads 

1 3 11  Marker — N.  side  of  National  Cemetery  . . 

1 2 12  East  of  Observatory,  Culp’s  Hill 

2 2 11  Taneytown  Road  and  N.W.cor.  Cemetery  . 

2 1 11  (75  & 25)  Howard  Av.  and  Barlow’s  Knoll  . 

2 i 11  (75  &25)  Foot  of  N.E.  slope  of  E.  Cemetery 

Hill 

2 3 11  Howard  Av.,  E.  of  Carlisle  Road 


11  Marker — East  end  of  National  Cemetery  . . 
11  Howard  Av.,  S.W.  of  Barlow’s  Knoll  . . 

11  Marker — E.  Cemetery  Hill,  N.  of  Reservoir 

OHIO  CAVALRY. 

Taneytown  Road,  near  Pleasonton  ave. 


6 Huey 

2 

! 2 Cav.  Taneytown  Road  and  Pleasonton  Av.  . . . 

Bat. 

Art. 

OHIO  ARTILLERY. 

1 st 

L 

Gibbs 

Art. 

5 

Sykes  Av.,  N.  side  of  Little  Round 

Top 

Howard  Av.,  between  Carlisle  and 
Mummasburg  Roads  .... 

1 st 

I 

Dilger 

Art. 

11 

I St 

I 

Dilger 

Art. 

11 

Tablet — E.  end  of  Nat’n’l  Cemetery 

1st 

K 

Heckman 

Art. 

11 

Cor.  of  Carlisle  and  Lincoln  Streets, 
Gettysburg 

ISt 

H 

Huntington  3 Vol.Res. 

Rational  Cemetery,  near  National  . 
Monument 

57 


McCandless 

McCandless 

Fisher 

McCandless 

Fisher 


9 Fisher 

10  Fisher 

11  Fisher 
2 Fisher 

13  McCandless 


PENN  ’A  RESERVE  INFANTRY. 

5 N.  E.  Wheat  Field 64 

5 N.  E.  Wheat  Field 64 

5 Big  Round  Top,  near  Observatory  ....  66 

5 In  field  N,  of  Wheat  Field . . 64 

5 Cor  Warren  and  Sykes  Avs.,  foot  of  Little 

Round  Top 67 

5 (38th  Inft.)  Just  N.  of  Monument  ....  67 

5 Opposite  path  leading  up  Big  Round  Top  . .66 

5 N.  E.  corner  of  Wheat  Field 64 

5 Summit  of  Big  Round  Top 66 

5 In  grove  S.  E.  of  Wheat  Field 65 


96 


INDEX. 


Reg.Brig.  Com’d.Brig.  Div‘ Corps 


Location. 


For 

Reg’l 

Details 

Page 


ii  Baxter  2 

23  Shaler  1 

26  Carr  1 

26  Emergency 

Reg’t. 

27  Coster  1 

27  Coster  1 

28  Candy  1 

29  Kane  2 

29  Kane  2 

46  McDougall  1 

49  Russell  3 

S3  Brooke  4 

56  Cutler  2 

5 7 Graham  1 

61  Neill  3 

62  Sweitzer  2 

63  Graham  1 

68  Graham  1 

68  Graham  1 

69  Webb  2 

71  Webb  2 

72  Webb  2 

73  Coster  1 

74  Schimmel-  i 

fennig 

74  Schimmel- 

fennig  1 

75  Krzyzanow- 

ski  2 

75^Krzvzanow- 

ski  2 

8 1 Cross  1 

8 2 Shaler  1 

83  Vincent  3 

84  Carr  1 

88  Baxter  2 

88  Baxter  2 

88  Baxter  2 

88  Baxter  2 

90’ Baxter  2 

90  Baxter  2 

90  Baxter  2 

90  Baxter  2 

91  Weed  3 

91  Weed  3 

93  Nevin  3 

93  Nevin  3 

95  Bartlett  2 

96  Bartlett  2 

98  Nevin  3 

98  Nevin  3 

99  Ward  2 

99  Ward  2 

102  Nevin  3 

105  Graham.  1 

106  Webb  2 

106,  Webb  2 

106  Webb  2 

107  Paul  1 

109  Kane  2 

no  D’Trobriand  3 

in  Kane  2 

1 14  Graham  1 

115  Burling  3 

1 16  Kelly  2 

1 18  Tilton  1 

1 18  Tilton  1 

118  Tilton  1 

1 19  Russel  3 


PENNSYLVANIA  INFANTRY. 

2 1 South  Doubleday  Av.,  Oak  Ridge  . . . . 

3 6 Slocum  Av.,  N.  of  ravine,  Culp’s  Hill  . . . 

2 3 Emmittsburg  Road,  N.  of  Rogers  House  . . 

In  front  of  Meade  High  School,  Gettysburg 

2 11  N.  E.  edge  of  Gettysburg -. 

2 11  East  Cemetery  Hill 

2 12  Slocum  Av.,  S.  of  observatory,  Culp’s  Hill  . 

2 12  Slocum  Av.,  on  hill  S.  of  ravine,  Culp’s  Hill 

2 12  Slocum  Av.,  just  N.  of  ravine,  Culp’s  Hill  . . 

1 12  Slocum  Av.,  near  Spangler’s  Spring,  Culp’s 

Hill 

1 6 Wright  Av.,  E.  of  Taneytown  Road  .... 

1 2 Rose  Grove,  S.  W.  of  Wheat  Field  .... 

1 1 Reynold’s  Av.,  N.  of  Rail  Road  cut  .... 

1 3 Emmittsburg  Road,  front  of  Sherfy  House 

2 6 Neill  Av.,  Wolf  Hill 

1 s Sickles  Av.,  South  Wheat  Field 

1 3 Emmittsburg  Road,  near  Peach  Orchard  . . 

1 3 S.  W.  corner  of  Peach  Orchard 

1 3 Side  of  road,  just  N.  of  Peach  Orchard  . . . 

2 2 Hancock  Av.,  Stone  Wall,  Bldody  Angle  . . 

2 2 Hancock  Av.,  corner  of  Bloody  Angle  . . . 

2 2 Hancock  Av.,  Stone  Wall,  Bloody  Angle  . . 

2 11  East  Cemetery  Hill  

3 11  Howard  Av.,  between  Mummasburg.  and 

Carlisle  Roads 

3 11  Marker — N.  side  of  National  Cemetery  . . . 

3 11  Howard  Av.,  E.  of  Carlisle  Road 

3 11  Marker — E.  end  of  National  Cemetery  . . 

1 2 N.  E.  Wheat  Field  ._ 

3 6 Slocum  Av.,  N.  of  ravine,  Culp’s  Hill  . . . 

1 5 Sykes  Av.,  South  slope  of  Little  Round  Top 

2 3 Pleasonton  Av.,  near  Hancock  Av.  . . _.  . 

2 i Doubleday  Av.,  near  observatory,  Oak  Ridge 

2 1 Marker — Forney’s  field,  W.  of  Monument 

2 1 Marker — Hancock  Av.,  Ziegler’s  Grove  . . 

2 1 Hancock  Av.,  near  Minnesota  State  Monu- 
ment   _ . . 

2 1 Doubleday  Av.,  near  observatory,  Oak  Ridge 

2 1 Hancock  Av.,  Ziegler’s  Grove 

2 1 Hancock  Av.,  near  Minnesota  State  Monu- 
ment   

2 1 Chaplain  Tablet — Christ  Lutheran  Church, 

Gettysburg 

2 s Summit  of  Little  Round  Top 

2 5 Weed  wounded — Summit  of  Little  Round 

Top 

3 6 West  side  of  Sedgwick  Av 

3 6 In  field,  N.  of  Valely  of  Death 

1 6 Wheat  Field  Road  and  N.E.  Valley  of  Death 

1 6 Wheat  Field  Road  and  N.  Valley  of  Death  . 

3 6 In  field,  N.  of  Valley  of  Death 

3 6 W.  side  Sykes  Av.,  N.  slope  of  Little  Round 

Top 

1 3 Keystone — Hill,  top  of  Devil’s  Den  .... 

1 3 Hancock  Av.,  near  Bloody  Angle 

3 6 In  field,  N.  of  Valley  of  Death 

1 3 Emmittsburg  Road  and  U.  S.  Av 

2 2 Hancock  Av.,  near  High  Water  Mark  . • • 

2 2 Emmittsburg  Road  and  Codori  House  . . 

2 2 Marker — East  Cemetery  Hill 

2 1 S.  Doubleday  Av.,  Oak  Ridge  . . . . . . 

2 12  Slocum  Av.,  in  ravine,  Culp’s  Hill  .... 

1 3 Wheat  Field,  South  of  Loop  ....... 

2 12  Slocum  Av.,  S.  side  of  ravine,  Culp’s  Hill  . . 

1 3 Front  nf  Sherfy  House,  Emmittsburg  Road 

2 3 S.  W.  Wheat  Field 

1 2 Sickle  Av.  N.  side  of  Loop 

1 5 Sickles  Av.,  N.  W.  end  of  Loop  ...... 

1 5 Marker — Sickles  Av.  and  Wheat  Field  Road 

1 5 Along  path  leading  up  Big  Round  Top  . . . 

1 6 Wright  Av..  near  Taneytown  Road  .... 


57 
72 
62 
55 

58 

71 

72 

73 
72 


73 


64 

62 

62 

62 

69 


70 

70 

71 


57 


7i 

57 


64 

72 

67 


56 

70 

68 


67 


INDEX. 


97 


Reg.Brig.  Com’d.Brig.  DiV‘ Corps 


Location 


1 19  Russell 
121  Biddle 
12 1 Biddle 
139  Nevin 

139  Nevin 

140  Zook 

140  Zook 

14 1 Graham 

142  Biddle 

143  Stone 
143  Stone 
145  Brooke 
147  Candy- 

147  Candy 

148  Cross 

148  Cross 

149  Stone 

149  Stone 
140  Co.  D. 

150  Stone 
150  Stone 
1151  Biddle 

153  VonGilsa 
153  VonGilsa 
155  Weed 


6 Along  path  leading  up  Big  Round  Top  . . . 
1 Reynolds  Av.,  N.  of  Fairfield  Road  .... 

1 Marker — (2d  line)  S.  of  High  Water  Mark  . 

6 In  field,  N.  of  Valley  of  Death 

6 Excelsior  Field,  Sickles  Av 

2 Sickles  Av.,  N.  side  of  Loop 

2 Edge  of  grove,  N.  of  Loop 

3 N.  E.  corner  of  Peach  Orchard 

x (Large  cross)  Reynolds  Av.,  S.  of  Grove  . . 

1 Reynolds  Av.  and  Chambersburg  Pike  . . .. 
x Hancock  Av.,  near  Vt.  State  Monument  . . 

2 Rose  Grove,  S.  of  Loop 

12  Geary  Av.,  along  ravine,  Culp’s  Hill  .... 
12  Star  Marker— N.  slope  of  Little  Round  Top 

2 Sickles  Av.,  S.  E.  comer  of  Wheat  Field  . . 

2 Marker — S.  Hancock  Av 

1 Stone  Av.  and  Chambersburg  Pike  .... 

1 Hancock  Av.  (2d  line)  S.  of  High  Water  Mark 
1 Hagerstown  Roadand  Confed.  Av.,  Seminary 

Ridge  

1 Central  Stone  Av.,  McPherson  Ridge  . . . 

1 Hancock  Av.  (2d  line)  S.  High  Water  Mark 
1 Reynolds  Av.,  S.  E.  corner  of  Reynold’s 

Grove  1 

11  Howard  Av.,  Barlow’s  Knoll 

11  Foot  of  S.  E.  slope  of  E.  Ceme.tery  Hill  . . 

5 (Zouave)  Sykes  Av.,  Little  Round  Top  . . 


For 

Reg’l 

Detail 

Page 

66 

55 

l9 

65 

62 

63 

62 

55 

56 
68 

64 
73 

64 

s6 

68 

6l 

56 

69 

55 

58 

72 

67 


PENNSYLVANIA  CAVALRY. 


1 McIntosh 

1 

2 Cav. 

2 Pro.  Guard 

3 McIntosh 

X 

2 Cav. 

4 Gregg 

3 

2 Cav. 

6 Merritt 

Res. 

1 Cav. 

6 Cos.  E.  & I. 

8 Huey 

2 

2 Cav. 

16  Gregg 

3 

2 Cav. 

17  Devin 

2 

1 Cav. 

18  Farnsworth 

1 

3 Cav. 

21  Not  engaged 
at  Gettysb’g 


Cav.  Hancock  Av.,  opp.  Bloody  Angle 69 

South  side  Meade  Av 59 

Cav.  Cavalry  Field 

E.  side  of  S.  Hancock  Av 68 

Cav.  Emmittsburg  Road  il/2  miles  S.  of  Peach  Or-  59 

chard 60 

In  yard  at  Meade’s  Headquarters 

Cav.  In  field  N.  of  Pleasonton  Av 68 

Cav.  Deardorff  farm  South  of  Hanover  Road  . . 

Cav.  Buford  Av.  and  Mummasburg  Road  ...  56 

Cav.  In  woods  near  Confed.  Av.,  W.  of  Big  Round 

Top 66 

Baltimore  Pike  1 lA  miles  S.  of  Gettysburg  . 

PENNSYLVANIA  ARTILLERY. 


Reg.  Bat.i  Commander  Brig.  Art.  Corps 


Location 


1 st 

B 

Cooper 

Art. 

1 

East  Cemetery  Hill 

7 i 

1st 

B 

Cooper 

Art. 

1 

Marker — East  Cemetery  Hill  . . 

C 

Thompson 

1 Vol.Res. 

N.  side  of  Peach  Orchard  .... 

62 

F 

Hampton 

1 Vol.Res. 

N.  side  of  Peach  Orchard 

68 

C & F Hampton 

1 Vol.Res. 

Hancock  Av.,  S.  of  Pleasonton  Av. 

68 

E 

Knapp 

Indp, 

1 2 

Summit  of  Culp’s  Hill 

72 

E 

Knapp 

Indp, 

12 

Power’s  Hill,  Slocum’s  Headq’rt’rs 

73 

F&G 

Ricketts 

3 Vol.Res. 

East  Cemeterv  Hill 

71 

3d 

H 

Rank 

1 2 Cav. 

Hanover  Road,  Cavalry  Field  . . 

RHODE  ISLAND  INFANTRY. 


Reg.Brig.  Com’d.Brig.  Div'Corps 
2 Eustis  236 

2 Eustis  236 


Location 

East  side  of  S.  Sedgwick  Av 67 

Marker— Emmittsburg  Road,  S.  of  Codori 

< Buildings 60 


RHODE  ISLAND  ARTILLERY. 


Bat.  Commander  Brig. 
1st  A Arnold  Art. 

1 st  B Brown  Art. 

1st  B Brown  Art. 

1st  ^E  * Randolph  Art. 


Corps 


Hancock  Av.,  cor.  Bloody  Angle  . 
Hancock  Av.,  opp.  High  Water  Mar 
(Marker)  In  field,  West  of  High 

Water  Mark 

Emmittsburg  Road,  near  Peach  Or- 
chard   


69 


62 


98 


INDEX. 


Reg.  Bat.i  Commander  Brig.  Art.  Corps 


Location. 


For 

Reg’l 

Details 

Page 


3 1 

4 I 

6 /-Day- 

12  I 
14  J 
2 1 

7 I 

io  } Burbank 

zi  I 
17  J 

8 Gen’l  H’dq’s 

1 Ward 

2 Ward 


UNITED  STATES  INFANTRY. 


| Along  wooded  ridge  running  from  Devil’s 
\ Den  to  Wheat.  Field  between  Sickles  Av. 
I and  Valley  of  Death 


3 | Sharpshooters 


Monuments  locatedunder 
States  to  which  they  be- 
longed   


65 

65 

65 

65 

65 

65 

65 

65 


UNITED  STATES  CAVALRY. 


I 

Merritt 

Res. 

1 

Cav. 

( Emmittsburg  Road  about  1%  miles  S.  of 

2 

Merritt 

Res. 

1 

Cav. 

< Peach  Orchard,  in  Cedar  Thicket  . . 

60 

6 

Merritt 

Res. 

1 

Cav. 

( 6th.  At  Fairfield,  Pa 

60 

S 

Merritt 

Res. 

1 

Cav. 

Heagy’s  Woods,  W.  of  Ridge  Road  .... 

60 

of  1st  Reg. 


at  General  Headquarters 


UNITED  STATES  ARTILLERY. 


1st 


1st 
I St 

2d 

2d 

2d 

2d 

2d 

sdL 

4th 

4th 

4th 

4th 

4th 
4th 
4th 
4th 
5th 
5 th 
5th 
5 th 
i 

5 th 
5th 


Bat.  Commander  Brig.  Art.  Corps 
E&GiRandol  2 Horse 

a 1 st  H Eakin  Reg 


I 

Woodruff 

Art. 

2 

Ki 

Graham 

2 Horse 

E 

A 

' Calif. 

2 Horse 

B&Lf  Heaton 

1 Horse 

D , 

. Williston 

Art. 

6 

M 

Pennington 

1 Horse 

G 

Butler 

Art. 

6 

F&K  Turnbull 

1 RegRes. 

A 

Cushing 

Art. 

2 

B 

Stewart 

Art. 

1 

C 

Thomas 

1 RegRes. 

E 

Elder 

1 Horse 

F 

Rugg 

Art. 

1 2 

G 

Wilkeson 

Art. 

11 

G 

Bancroff 

Art. 

11 

K 

Seeley 

Art. 

3 

C 

Weir' 

1 RegRes. 

D 

Hazlett 

Art. 

5 

F 

Martin 

Art. 

6 

I 

Watson 

Art. 

5 

K 

Kinzie 

Art.' 

12 

K 

Kinzie 

Art. 

12 

Location. 

Cavalry  Field 

Res.  National  Cemetery,  near  National 

Monument 

Hancock  Av.,  Ziegler’s  Grove  . . 
Emmittsburg  Road  about  1 V2.  miles  S 
S.  of  Peach  Orcherd  .... 
Stone  Av.  and  Chambersburg  Pike 
In  fiield,  front  of  Granite  SchoolHs. 
Taney  town  Road,  N.  of  LiTtle 

Round  Top 

Cavalry  Field 

Ziegler’s  Grove 

Emmittsburg  Road,  at  Rogers  H’se 
Hancock  Av.,  at  Bloody  Angle  . . 

East  Cemetery  Hill  . . 

Hancock  Av.,  S.  of  Pleasonton  Av. 
On  wooded  hill,  S.W.  of  Big  Round 

Top 

Spangler’s  Field,  W.  of  Balto.  Pike 

Barlow’s  Knoll 

2d  Position  National  Cemetery  . . 
Emmitsburg  Road  N.  of  U.  S.  Ave. 
Hancock  Ave.  near  Vt.  State  Mon. 
Summit  of  Little  Round  Top  . . . 

Zieglers  Grove 

In  field  N.  W.  of  Weikert  House  and 

U.  S.  Av 

Spangler’s  Field,  W.  of  Baltimore 

Pike 

Summit  of  Culp’s  Hill 

VERMONT  INFANTRY. 


a 

3 

4 

5 

6 
12 

013 

14 

015 

016 


Grant  2 

J 

1 

I 

)■  Stannard  3 


(Lion)  Wright  Av.,  S.  E.  of  Big  Round  Top 


(State)  Hancock  Av.,  S.  of  High  Water  Mark, 
near  Pleasonton  Av 


68 


INDEX. 


99 


For 

Reg’ls 

Detail 

Page 


Reg.  Bat.i  Commander  Brig.  Art.  Corps  Location. 


13  Stannard  3 3 

013  Stannard  3 3 

13  Stannard  3 3 

14  Stannard  3 3 

16  Stannard  3 3 

1st  Co.  F.  U.  S. 

S S 

2d  Cos.  E & H 
U.  S S S. 


1 

1 

1 

1 


Hancock  Av.,  just  N.  of  State  Monument  . 

Marker — near  Monument 

2 Markers — In  field  W.  of  Monument  . . . 
Hancock  Av.,  S.  of  State  Monument  . . . 
Coiord  Thicket,  S.W.  of  State  Monument  . . 
Confederate  Ave.,  in  grove  N.  of  Pitzer’s 

Woods 

Slyder  House,  West  of  Big  Round  Top  . . . 


68 


VERMONT  CAVALRY. 


1 Farnsworth  1 3 


Cav.  Confederate  Av.,  W.  of  Big  Round  Top  . . 
WEST  VIRGINIA  INFANTRY. 


7 Carroll 
7 Carroll 


132  East  Cemetery  Hill 

1232  Markers — E.  side  of  Cemetery  Hill  .... 


66 


71 


WEST  VIRGINIA  CAVALRY. 


1 Farnsworth  ’ 1 3 

3 Devin  j 2 1 


Cav.  Taney  town  Road  near  Pleasonton  Av.  . . . 
Cav.  B iiford  Av.,  Forney  Ridge 


56 


1st  C Hill 


WEST  VIRGINIA  ARTILLRY. 

3 Vol  Res.  National  Cemetery,  near  National 

Monument 

WISCONSIN  INFANTRY. 


2 Meredith  1 

2 Meredith  1 

3 Colgrove  3 

5 Russell  3 

6 Meredith  1 

6 Meredith  1 

7 Meredith  1 

7 Meredith  1 

26  Krzyzanow- 

ski  2 

1st  Co.  G,  U.  S. 

S S 

1st  Co.  G,  U.  S. 

S.  S. 


1 1 

z 1 

1 12 

i 6 

1 1 

1 1 

1 1 

1 1 


3 ” 


Meredith  Av.,  Reynold’s  Grove 

Marker — Slocum  Av.,  W.  of  observatory, 

Culp’s  Hill 

In  grove  S.  E.  of  Spangler’s  Spring  .... 
Wright  Av.,  East  of  Taneytown  Road  . . . 

Reynolds  Av.,  Rail  Road  cut 

Marker — Slocum  Av.,  W.  of  observatory, 

Culp’s  Hill 

Meredith  Av.,  Reynolds’  Grove 

Marker — Slocum  Av.,  W.  of  observatory, 
Culp’s  Hill 

Howard  Av.,  E.  of  Carlisle  Road 

Emmittsburg  Road,  near  Rogers  House  . . 

Marker — In  field  W.  of  Monument  . . . 


70 


55 

73 

59 

56 

55 

57 

60 


MISCELLANEOUS  MONUMENTS,  STATUES,  MEMORIALS  AND  TABLETS 

Location 

Armistead,  Brig.  Gen’l  .Lewis  A.  (Confederate)  killed — Marker,  Bloody  Angle  . , 

Bums,  John,  Hero  of  Gettysburg,  Statue — Stone  Av.,  near  Reynolds  Grove  . . . 

Buford,  Brig.  Gen’l  John,  Statoe, — Chambersburg  Pike  and  Stone  Av 

Cavalry  Shaft — Cavalry  Field 

Candy’s  Brigade  12  Corps,  Marker, — In  woods  East  of  S.  Sedgwick  Av 67 

Cushing,  Lieut.  Alonzo  H.,  killed — Marker,  Bloody  Angle 68 

Hancock,  Maj.  Gen’l  W.  S.,  wounded — Marker,  Hancock  Av.,  at  grove  S.  of  High 

'!  Water  Mark 

Hancock,  Maj.  Gen’l,  W.  S.,  Equestrian  Statue — East  Cemetery  Hill [72 

Hazlett,  Lieut.  Ches.  E.,  killed — Marker,  Summit  of  Little  Round  Top 

High-Water  Mark — Hancock  Av.,  at  Copse  of  Trees,  upon  which  Pickett  centered 

charge 

Lee's,  Gen’l  Robert'E.,  Headquarters — Chambersburg  Pike,  Seminery  Ridga  . . 

Meade’s,  Maj.  Gen’l  Geo.  G.,  Headquarters — Taneytown  Road  and  Meade  Av.  . Mi 


100 


INDEX. 


Meade.  Maj.  Gen’l  Geo.  G.,  Equestrian  Statue — Hancock  Av.,  near  Meade  Av.  . . 70 

Menchey’s  Spring — Foot  of  East  Cemetery  Hill 

Merwin,  Lieut.  Col.  Henry  C.,  killed — Marker,  Wheat  Field  Road,  N,  of  Wheat  Fid 

National  Monument — National  Cemetery 70 

New  York  State  Monument — National  Cemetery 71 

Palmer,  Maj.  J.  G.,  killed — Tablet,  on  rock,  E.  of  observatory,  near  66th  Ohio 

Monument,  Culp’s  Hill 

Reynolds,  Maj.  Gen’l  John  F.,  Statue — National  Cemetery 71 

Reynolds,  Maj.  Gen’l  John  F.  killed — Marker,  Reynolds  Grove  

Reynolds,  Maj.  Gen’l  John  F.,  Equestrian  Statue,  Chambersburg  Pike  and  Stone 

Avenue 

Sandoe,  Geo.  W.,  killed — Marker,  Baltimore  Pike.'x^  miles  S.  of  Gettysburg  . 73 

Sickles,  Maj.  Gen’l  D.  E.,  wounded — Marker,  Trostle  bam,  U.  S.  Av., 

Slocum,  Maj.  Gen’l  Henry  W,.  Equestrian  Statue,  Steven’s  Knoll,  W.  of  Culp’s  Hill 

Spangler’s  Spring — Slocum  and  Geary  Avs.,  South  Culp’s  Hill 73 

Taylor,  Col.  Fred.,  killed — Marker,  Crawford  Av.,  Valley  of  Death  . . . 

Vincent,  Col.  Strong,  wounded — S.  slope  of  Little  Round  Top 67 

Wade,  Jennie,  killed — House,  South  Baltimore  Street 

Wade,  Jennie,  Monument — Citizens’  Cemetery 

Warren,  Brig.  Gen’l  G.  K.,  Bronze  Statue — Summit  of  Little  Round  Top  ....  67 

Weed,  Brig.  Gen’l  Stephen  H.,  wounded — Marker,  Summit  of  LittlelRound.Top 

Zook,  S.  K.,  killed — Monument  N.  Wheat  Field 64 

Itinerary  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  ........  1 

General  Summary  of  Casualities  in  the  Union  Forces,  ...  . . 13 

Col.  Marshall’s  Address,  15 

First  Day’s  Battle,  ...........  19 

Second  Day’s  Battle,  . .........  22 

The  Attack  on  Cemetery  Hill,  . . . . . . . 29 

Third  Day’s  Battle,  . . . ......  31 

Maps  of  First  Day,  . . . .......  39 

Organization  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  .......  39 

Regimental  Details,  . . .......  55 

Maps  of  Second  and  Third  Days  . . . ' . . 59 

Losses  by  Corps  at  Gettysburg.  . ........  74 

Itinerary  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  ...  ^ ...  76 

Organization  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  . 79 


GETTYSBURG  TOURISTS 

LOOK  TO  YOUK  INTERESTS. 



HOW  TO  SEE  THE  BATTLEFIELD. 

Leave  Gettysburg  by  way  of  Chambersburg  Street,  westward  to  the 
grove  where  General  Reynolds  fell  on  the  first  day — then  to  Katalysine 
Springs,  discovered  by  the  Confederates — hack  then  and  take  the  line  of 
the  First  Corps  and  follow  it  to  its  extreme  right — from  thence  to  line  of 
Eleventh  Corps  and  follow  it  from  left  to  right,  which  includes  the  first 
day’s  fight  west  and  north  of  town.  Return  to  town  for  dinner. 

After  dinner  start  southward  by  way  of  Emmitsburg  road  and  line 
of  Third  Corps  to  the  Peach  Orchard,  Wheatfield,  Devil’s  Den  and  Round 
Top.  Then  along  the  main  line,  northward  to  “the  high  water  mark  of 
the  Rebellion,”  where  Pickett  made  his  famous  charge — then  keeping 
on  to  the  National  Cemetery,  pass  around  through  it.  From  thence  to 
Culp’s  Hill,  following  line  of  First  Corps,  Wadsworth’s  Division,  to  high- 
est point — then  the  line  of  Twelfth  Corps  to  the  extreme  right. 

Making  a drive  of  from  15  to  20  miles,  including  a first-class 
dinner  for  $1.25. 

Special  rates  will  be  made,  (according  to  the  time  required, ) for 
parties  who  wish  to  go  just  to  points  of  special  interest. 

Being  born  on  the  field,  and  in  the  business  for  years,  can  promise 
satisfaction  or  no  pay. 

Parties  wishing  to  make  arrangements,  can  write  or  telegraph  at  my 
expense. 

Am  Prepared  to  Convey  any  Number. 

Please  give  me  a call. 

JOHN  E.  PITZER,  Post  9,  G.  A.  R. 

143  Main  Street,  known  as  Chambersburg  Street. 


